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Query: UMLS:C0155339 (Brown)
 12,436 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale was designed to remedy the problems of existing rating scales by providing a specific measure of the severity of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder that is not influenced by the type of obsessions or compulsions present. The scale is a clinician-rated, 10-item scale, each item rated from 0 (no symptoms) to 4 (extreme symptoms) (total range, 0 to 40), with separate subtotals for severity of obsessions and compulsions. In a study involving four raters and 40 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder at various stages of treatment, interrater reliability for the total Yale-Brown Scale score and each of the 10 individual items was excellent, with a high degree of internal consistency among all item scores demonstrated with Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Based on pretreatment assessment of 42 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, each item was frequently endorsed and measured across a range of severity. These findings suggest that the Yale-Brown Scale is a reliable instrument for measuring the severity of illness in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder with a range of severity and types of obsessive-compulsive symptoms.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989 Nov
PMID:The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. I. Development, use, and reliability. 268 84

Line of Brown leghorn chickens free of RAV-O-type endogenous proviruses was obtained by selection under blot hybridization control. A set of dispersed sequences distantly related to avian leukosis virus genome was found in DNA of these chickens by means of hybridization in non-stringent conditions. Different restriction fragments were detected by gag, pol and env hybridization probes.
Mol Gen Mikrobiol Virusol 1987 Mar
PMID:[The genome of chickens free of endogenous avian leukosis-sarcoma proviruses contains sequences distantly related to Rous sarcoma virus]. 303 85

Lewis and Brown Norway (BN) rats which are susceptible or resistant to autoimmune reactions against brain antigen, respectively, were inoculated intracerebrally with a neurotropic measles virus. Suckling rats died from a rapidly fatal acute encephalopathy (AE). With increasing age Lewis rats developed a subacute measles encephalomyelitis (SAME) whereas BN rats showed a clinically silent encephalitis (CSE). Infectious virus could occasionally be recovered from SAME animals using cocultivation techniques but not from BN rats with CSE. With monoclonal antibodies against measles virus, viral proteins were localized in brain tissue. Nucleocapsid and phosphoprotein were detected in infected brain cells of all animals with AE, SAME and CSE, whereas measles virus haemagglutinin, fusion and matrix proteins were either reduced or absent, suggesting a restricted synthesis of measles virus envelope proteins. These data suggest that the different diseases of the two rat strains are related to the immunogenetic background rather than to the replication of measles virus in the central nervous system. This animal model provides the opportunity to investigate further the events occurring during establishment of measles virus persistence in the brain, and the genetic control of associated immunological and immunopathological reactions.
J Gen Virol 1987 Jun
PMID:Virological aspects of measles virus-induced encephalomyelitis in Lewis and BN rats. 349 33

Thirty-five Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae, fourteen X. campestris pv. oryzicola strains and six 'brown blotch' pathogens of rice, all of different geographical origin, were studied by numerical analysis of 133 phenotype features and gel electrophoregrams of soluble proteins, %G + C determinations and DNA:rRNA hybridizations. The following conclusions were drawn. (i) The Xanthomonas campestris pathovars oryzae and oryzicola display clearly distinct protein patterns on polyacrylamide gels and can be differentiated from each other by four phenotype tests. (ii) Both pathovars are indeed members of Xanthomonas which belongs to a separate rRNA branch of the second rRNA superfamily together with the rRNA branches of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Marinomonas, Azotobacter, Azomonas and Frateuria. (iii) 'Brown blotch' strains are considerably different from X. campestris pv. oryzae and oryzicola. They are not members of the genus Xanthomonas, but are more related to the generically misnamed. Flavobacterium capsulatum, Pseudomonas paucimobilis, Flavobacterium devorans and 'Pseudomonas azotocolligans' belonging in the fourth rRNA superfamily. (iv) No correlation was found between the virulence, pathogenic groups or geographical distribution of X. campestris pv. oryzae or oryzicola strains and any phenotypic or protein electrophoretic property or clustering.
J Gen Microbiol 1984 Nov
PMID:Differentiation between Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae, Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzicola and the bacterial 'brown blotch' pathogen on rice by numerical analysis of phenotypic features and protein gel electrophoregrams. 608 4

Six recessive second chromosomal mutants of Drosophila melanogaster exhibiting larval hypersensitivity to methyl methanesulfonate have been identified and assigned to six complementation groups. The strains have been analyzed for their sensitivities to UV, X-ray, nitrogen mustard and formaldehyde. Two classes of mutants not previously observed in Drosophila have been identified. The mus 204A1 and mus 205A1 mutants exhibit sensitivity to MMS and UV but not X-ray or nitrogen mustard, while the mus 206A1 and mus 207A1 mutants display sensitivity to MMS, UV, and nitrogen mustard. Four of the seven strains exhibit poor female fertility and two of these are shown to have a weak meiotic disjunctional defect. Biochemical studies of the mus 205A1 mutant suggest a defect in DNA synthetic ability associated with excision and postreplication repair performed on UV and alkylation-damaged templates (Boyd and Harris 1981; Brown and Boyd 1981 b; R.L. Dusenbery, manuscript in preparation).
Mol Gen Genet 1982
PMID:Mutagen sensitivity of Drosophila melanogaster. V. Identification of second chromosomal mutagen sensitive strains. 681 27

We have previously shown that single linear epitopes of the major human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) antigens, expressed as fusion proteins or synthesized as oligopeptides, can be valuable diagnostic material in the serology of HCMV infection (M. P. Landini, M. X. Guan, G. Jahn, W. Lindenmaier, M. Mach, A. Ripalti, A. Necker, T. Lazzarotto, and B. Plachter, J. Clin. Microbiol. 28:1375-1379, 1990; M. P. Landini, T. Lazzarotto, A. Ripalti, M. X. Guan, and M. La Placa, J. Clin. Microbiol. 27:2324-2327, 1989; A. Ripalti, M. P. Landini, E. S. Mocarski, and M. La Placa, J. Gen. Virol. 70:1247-1251, 1989). In this work we addressed the question of whether the expression of more than one linear epitope on a single fusion protein could increase the reactivity of genetically engineered antigenic material with human antibody. To answer this question we fused sequences expressing two different epitopes contained in the basic phosphoprotein of 150 kDa encoded by UL32 (M. S. Chee, A. T. Bankier, S. Beck, R. Bohni, C. M. Brown, T. Cerny, T. Hornsel, C. A. Hutchinson, T. Kouzarides, J. A. Martignetti, and B. G. Barrell, Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 154:125-169, 1990; G. Jahn, T. Kouzarides, M. Mach, B.-C. Scholl, B. Plachter, B. Traupe, E. Preddie, S. C. Satchwell, B. Fleckenstein, and B. G. Barrell, J. Virol. 61:1358-1367, 1987), ppUL32, which was repeatedly shown to be the strongest immunogen present in the viral particle. We also made fusions with sequences expressing a single epitope repeated once, twice, or three times. The different fusion proteins were tested with HCMV-positive human sera. We found that fusion proteins expressing different epitopes together were recognized by a larger number of serum specimens and with more intense reactions in Western blot (immunoblot) experiments. We also found evidence that expression on the same polypeptide of the two distinct epitopes produced a stronger antigen than the mere addition of two fusion proteins which each carried one copy of one of these epitopes. Furthermore, we found that while the same epitope expressed two or three times on the same fusion protein was not better recognized by immunoglobulin G than the single epitope, immunoglobulin M reactivities to the double and triple epitopes were enhanced.
 ...
PMID:Construction of polyepitope fusion antigens of human cytomegalovirus ppUL32: reactivity with human antibodies. 751 94

1. Exposure of sensitized Brown Norway (BN) rats to ovalbumin aerosol induced a remarkable and a sustained accumulation of eosinophils into broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. 2. When male BN rats, sensitized by i.m. injection of ovalbumin and i.p. injection of killed Bordetella pertussis, were exposed to the antigen on day 14, eosinophils accumulated into BAL fluid, maximal 48 hr after antigen exposure. This accumulation of eosinophils was inhibited completely by administration of cyclosporin A (Cs A, 50 mg/kg/day) during induction phase, whereas it was inhibited slightly by administration of CsA (50 mg/kg) during the effector phase. 3. When BN rats were sensitized by weekly exposure of ovalbumin, eosinophils accumulated into BAL fluid, maximal 48 hr after the third exposure of antigen. The accumulation of eosinophils by this method was observed only in female rats and was inhibited completely by administration of CsA (50 mg/kg) during induction phase, whereas it was inhibited slightly by administration of CsA (50 mg/kg) during effector phase. 4. The present study demonstrates similarities and differences between two models of eosinophilia and also suggests increased function of T cells in BN rats.
Gen Pharmacol 1995 Mar
PMID:A similarity and a difference between two models of late eosinophil accumulation into the airway induced by antigen exposure in actively sensitized brown Norway (BN) rats. 759 86

1. The in vitro thoracic aorta, precontracted with norepinephrine, KCl or PGF2 alpha of hypercholesterolemic Pittsburg-Yoshida (YOS) and normolipidemic Brown-Norway (BN) rats of two age groups (2 and 18 months), was relaxed by the calcium antagonists verapamil and nifedipine without any difference between age-matched YOS and BN rats. 2. The relaxant activity of verapamil was impaired in aged rats of both strains and with the different contractile agents. Conversely, no variation with aging of the nifedipine relaxing effect was observed on KCl-induced contraction was the nifedipine relaxant effect differently affected by age, both in YOS and BN rats. 3. In conclusion, prolonged exposure to hypercholesterolemia in YOS rat does not affect aortic response to nifedipine and verapamil. Only the aging process was able to affect vascular relaxation to calcium antagonists.
Gen Pharmacol 1994 Nov
PMID:Effect of calcium antagonists on isolated aorta from hypercholesterolemic Yoshida rats of different ages. 789 41

1. The strain differences in 2,4-dinitrophenylated-Ascaris antigen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) were investigated in three strains of rats: Brown-Norway (BN), Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) and Wistar. 2. Fourty-eight hour-passive cutaneous anaphylaxis titers after repeated challenge were highest in BN and lowest in LEC. 3. Twenty-four hours after the last challenge, a marked AHR and significant increase in wet/dry weight ratio of the main bronchus were observed only in Wistar. 4. Only the isolated bronchus of the challenged Wistar among the strains showed hyperresponsiveness to acetylcholine. 5. Wistar may be the best strain for antigen-induced AHR.
Gen Pharmacol 1993 Sep
PMID:Strain differences in change in airway responsiveness after repeated antigenic challenge in three strains of rats. 827 Jan 86

Brown trout, with indwelling dorsal aortic cannulae, were exposed to various concentrations of aluminium (Al; 50 micrograms liter-1, 100% mortality over 48 hr; 25 micrograms liter-1, 50% mortality over 120 hr; 12.5 micrograms liter-1, 0% mortality over 120 hr) in acidic (pH 5.0) soft water. The plasma concentrations of prolactin (PRL), cortisol, thyroxine (T4), and triiodothyronine (T3) were monitored. Plasma PRL concentrations were transiently depressed (to less than 20% of resting concentrations) after 12 hr in trout in the two highest water Al concentrations, but were unchanged in the trout exposed to 12.5 micrograms liter-1 Al. Plasma cortisol concentrations were elevated in response to all water Al levels and remained elevated in trout in the lethal conditions. The sublethally exposed trout showed a recovery in plasma cortisol concentrations by 120 hr. Plasma T4 concentrations were significantly elevated in trout exposed to both the lethal and the sublethal Al concentrations (from mean resting concentrations of 1-2 ng ml-1 to peaks of 8.9 and 9.0 ng ml-1 in the 50 and 12.5 micrograms liter-1 Al groups, respectively), although a recovery in plasma concentrations was evident in the sublethally exposed trout from 72 hr onwards. Plasma T3 concentrations were relatively stable in the trout exposed to the two highest doses of Al, whereas the trout under the lowest, sublethal, Al conditions exhibited a sustained (12-72 hr) elevation in plasma T3 concentrations (from a mean resting concentration of 0.9 ng ml-1 to a peak of 4.2 ng ml-1 at 48 hr). No clear relationship was apparent between the plasma PRL concentrations and the previously reported ionoregulatory status of the trout.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1996 Jun
PMID:Plasma prolactin, cortisol, and thyroid responses of the brown trout (Salmo trutta) exposed to lethal and sublethal aluminium in acidic soft waters. 880 68


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