Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0155339 (Brown)
 12,436 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A radioimmunoassay for detection of antitubular basement membrane (TBM) antibodies was set up using a human TBM antigen (mol wt, 70,000 daltons), purified after collagenase treatment of the insoluble membrane by preparative polyacrylamide electrophoresis, and labeled with iodine 125. Free labeled antigens were separated from those bound to immunoglobulins by a 20% polyethylene glycol (mol wt, 6,000 daltons) solution. In the presence of normal human or Brown Norway rat sera, less than 10% of the labeled antigens were precipitated. In the presence of sera or of kidney eluates from rats immunized with human TBM, the precipitation of the labeled TBM antigens reached 73%, but in the presence of sera from two patients presenting with an interstitial nephritis and linear deposits along the TBM only, up to 47% of the same antigens were precipitated. In these two cases, the anti-TBM antibodies were mainly directed against the heteropolysaccharide-containing glycopeptides isolated from TBM, that is, against the noncollagenous polypeptides of the TBM antigens. Anti-TBM antibodies were sought in the sera of 52 normal blood donors and of 11 patients presenting with glomerulonephritis and linear deposits of immunoglobulins. The average percentage (+/- 1 SD) of labeled TBM antigens precipitated in the serum of normal blood donors was 7.1 +/- 1.2. Of the patients presenting with glomerulonephritis and linear deposits along the GBM, 9 out of 11 exhibited anti-TBM antibodies by radioimmunoassay; among these 9 patients, 8 also displayed linear deposits of IgG along the TBM. Absorption of anti-TBM and anti-GMB antibodies with particulate TBM or GBM, with both types of glycopeptides isolated from GBM or TBM, indicated that the anti-TBM antibodies were directed against the noncollagenous polypeptides of TBM but that the anti-GBM antibodies mainly reacted with the collagenous polypeptides of TBM and GBM. Finally, it was found that the sera of 2 patients out of 15 presenting with lupus nephritis contained a significant anti-TBM-binding activity, mainly directed against the noncollagenous material of TBM.
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PMID:Radioimmunologic method for detection of antitubular basement membrane antibodies. 74 71

The target antigen, a 54-kD glycoprotein (gp54), reactive with sera from patients with anti-tubular basement membrane (anti-TBM) nephritis, was isolated from collagenase-digested (CD) bovine TBM. The purified gp54 was shown to be non-collagenous by amino acid analysis, and to be a unique basement membrane component by amino-terminal sequencing. The nephritogenicity of gp54 was demonstrated by immunizing strain XIII guineapigs with purified gp54, and producing anti-gp54 antibody and tubulo-interstitial nephritis. Anti-gp54 antibody, affinity-purified from sera of patients with anti-TBM nephritis, bound by immunoblotting to 54-kD and, to a lesser extent, 48-kD components of partially purified human CD-TBM. Indirect immunofluorescence showed that gp54 was present in the basement membrane of proximal tubules of the kidneys of normal human, cow, rabbit, guineapig and Brown-Norway rat but not in Lewis rat. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed localization of gp54 along the interstitial side of the TBM and its association with interstitial collagen fibres. These results indicate that gp54 is the nephritogenic antigen involved in tubulo-interstitial nephritis, and is unique in chemical characteristics and localization in the kidney.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of the tubular basement membrane antigen associated with human tubulo-interstitial nephritis. 142 91

Experimental anti-tubular basement membrane (anti-TBM) disease is an autoimmune interstitial nephritis elicited in susceptible rodents after immunization with renal tubular antigen. The nephritogenic antigen in the immunizing preparation is 3M-1, a 48,000 Mr noncollagenous glycoprotein. The hallmarks of the renal lesion are the presence of anti-TBM antibodies (anti-TBM-Ab) and a dense mononuclear cell infiltrate. The anti-TBM B cell repertoire in this disease was analyzed using a library of 22 anti-TBM mAbs generated in a prototypically susceptible Brown Norway rat. These anti-TBM mAbs were all demonstrated to be 3M-1 specific and their characterization formed the basis for the following observations: (a) The size of the anti-TBM B cell population is estimated at 58 distinct clones; (b) by competitive inhibition criteria, all anti-TBM mAbs recognize the same (or spatially close) epitope(s) on 3M-1. This focused recognition was maintained in spite of considerable variability in affinity. Epitopic dominance could also be demonstrated in human polyclonal anti-TBM antisera from a patient with anti-TBM disease; and (c) a crossreactive idiotype was documented, and antisera directed toward this set of variable region determinants was shown to be effective as a prophylactic regimen to abrogate disease, and as a therapeutic modality to arrest the progression of disease; (d) analysis of VH gene families suggested biased usage of Q52- and 7183-like families, although at least three gene families are used in the anti-TBM-Ab response. Thus, the anti-TBM B cell compartment in BN rats is moderately large, but is primarily focused to a single epitope on the nephritogenic antigen and is associated with a disease-modifying crossreactive idiotype.
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PMID:Clonotypic heterogeneity in experimental interstitial nephritis. Restricted specificity of the anti-tubular basement membrane B cell repertoire is associated with a disease-modifying crossreactive idiotype. 312 29

Doses of as little as 50 micrograms of a soluble chaotropic extract of bovine tubular basement membrane (Bov-KBr-TBM) with adjuvants induced anti-TBM antibodies and tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) in Brown Norway (BN) rats. The lesion was shown by renal histology, by deposition of IgG and C3 along TBM, and in terms of the humoral and cellular immune responses to compare to that produced by the standard immunization (particulate bovine TBM) for this model of TIN in BN rats. More than half of the mononuclear cells in kidneys of BN rats with TIN bore various T-cell antigens (monoclonal antibodies W3-13, W3-25, and OX-8), and most of the infiltrating cells were positive for Ia (monoclonal antibody OX-6) by indirect immunofluorescence. Purified suspensions of these mononuclear infiltrates were prepared by using Ficoll-Hypaque gradients and the fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) to eliminate renal tubular epithelial cells. The purified mononuclear cells, cultured for 5 days, incorporated thymidine in response to concanavalin A (Con A), Mycobacterium tuberculosis purified protein derivative, and Bov-KBr-TBM but not in response to a variety of autologous renal antigens. After culture for 5 days in Bov-KBr-TBM and Con A supernatant, lymph node cells (LNC) from Bov-KBr-TBM-immunized BN rats passively transferred TIN to naive BN rats. Although no cells reactive with autologous renal antigens were detected in the renal infiltrates, the transfer of disease with propagated LNC suggests that elements of the cellular immune system, in addition to anti-TBM antibody, contribute to the generation of this BN-TIN.
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PMID:Tubulointerstitial nephritis induced in the brown Norway rat with chaotropically solubilized bovine tubular basement membrane: the model and the humoral and cellular responses. 400 24

The protective effect of dietary protein restriction on the development and expression of immune-mediated interstitial nephritis was evaluated in Brown Norway rats with anti-tubular basement membrane disease. In the first series of experiments, pair-fed rats received low protein (LP) (3% casein) or normal protein (NP) (27% casein), normocaloric diets. After 6 wk, each group was immunized with renal tubular antigen in adjuvant to produce anti-tubular basement membrane antibody (alpha TBM-Ab) and tubulointerstitial nephritis. The kidneys harvested from NP rats after four more weeks on the diet had histologically more severe interstitial disease than the LP rats (histologic severity; NP = 3.1 +/- 0.2 vs. LP = 1.1 +/- 0.3; P less than 0.001), and serum creatinine values were concordantly different (NP = 1.34 +/- 0.02 vs. LP = 0.82 +/- 0.03). Titers of alpha TBM-Ab were similar in both groups, while the T cell-mediated immune response, as measured by delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), was nonspecifically impaired in LP rats when compared with the NP group. Admixture cotransfers of LP plus NP cells failed to demonstrate active suppression as an explanation for the depressed DTH in LP rats. The therapeutic role of dietary protein restriction was also examined in rats with established alpha TBM disease. In these experiments, rats were first immunized and fed NP diets for 4 wk (histologic severity = 3.0 +/- 0.2; creatinine = 1.78 +/- 0.02), and then were divided into two groups and followed for six more weeks on either LP or NP diets. LP rats, under these conditions, developed less disease than those fed NP diet (histologic severity; NP = 3.2 +/- 0.3 vs. LP = 1.4 +/- 0.2; P less than 0.001), and serum creatinine values were concordantly different (NP = 1.92 +/- 0.05 vs. LP = 0.97 +/- 0.02). Again, the titers of alpha TBM-Ab in both LP and NP groups were similar. These data collectively suggest that LP diet has a protective effect both on the development and extent of tubulointerstitial nephritis that is perhaps, in part, related to the selective abrogation of effector T cell immunity.
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PMID:Inhibitory role of dietary protein restriction on the development and expression of immune-mediated antitubular basement membrane-induced tubulointerstitial nephritis in rats. 404 36

Electron microscopy of platinum-shadowed preparations of human tracheobronchial mucins showed very flexible filamentous structures that frequently occurred in an intricate random-coiled pattern of filament(s) surrounding a dense core-like domain. The filament(s) associated with cores accounted for 70-80% of the mass of the mucin preparation, the remainder being accounted for by free filaments. On aggregation, the molecules formed a large interwoven network quite different from the massive rope-like structures characteristic of sheep submaxillary mucin aggregates [Rose, Voter, Sage, Brown & Kaufman (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 3167-3172]. Mild sonication resulted in extensive fragmentation of the tracheobronchial mucin molecules and yielded short filaments of various lengths, free cores and some cores associated with short filaments. Mucin glycopeptide fragments obtained by proteolytic digestion were flexible, core-free, filaments. The glycopeptides obtained by Pronase digestion were shorter than those obtained by tryptic digestion. The intricate structures of human tracheobronchial mucin differ markedly from the extended filaments reported for sheep submaxillary and human ovarian-cyst mucins but agree with the roughly spherical expanded model proposed for mucins by Creeth & Knight [(1967) Biochem. J. 105, 1135-1145] on the basis of hydrodynamic measurements.
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PMID:Structural features of human tracheobronchial mucus glycoprotein. 647 21

According to its immunopharmacological profile, 15-deoxyspergualin (15-DOS) has been investigated as to its disease-modifying activity on HgCl2-induced glomerulonephritis (GN) and on tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) in Brown-Norway rats. Both models are induced autoimmune disorders in which afflicted animals display high levels of serum autoantibodies directed against the glomerular or tubular basement membrane (GBM or TBM), respectively. The diseases are manifested by high serum creatinine and urea levels with severe proteinuria. In the model of HgCl2-GN, administration of 15-DOS clearly led to a reduction of proteinuria and decreased the amount of rat IgG attached to the GBM. Furthermore, a therapeutic effect could be demonstrated when 15-DOS was given after the appearance of clinical symptoms. Not only urine-protein values but also anti-laminin antibodies returned to normal levels. Also in the experimental TIN-model, 15-DOS, either given during the induction phase, or even late in the onset of the disease, strongly prevented the proteinuria of this autoimmune disease and inhibited the formation of autoantibodies to TBN.
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PMID:Immunosuppressive therapy of organ-specific nephritic autoimmune diseases with 15-deoxyspergualin. 827 49