Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0155339 (Brown)
 12,436 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The rat epidermal SH-protease inhibitor was localized by the PAP method in the squamous epithelium of rat proventricle. Brown accumulation due to the peroxidase reaction was seen in the superficial and middle layers of squamous epithelia. The localization of the inhibitor in squamous epithelium is the same as we have demonstrated with immunofluorescence staining.
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PMID:Localization of the rat epidermal SH-protease inhibitor in the proventricular squamous epithelium using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method. 11 28

By using an immunoperoxidase antibody method, mouse blastocysts were found to bind specifically hCG and ovine LH but not FSH or the beta unit of hCG. Brown peroxidase reaction products were present in the morula and increased with the formation of the blastocoele. The LH/hCG binding 'sites' may be related to the initiation of steroidogenesis in the embryo.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical localization of binding 'sites' for LH and hCG in preimplantation mouse embryos. 20 6

1. The morphology of physiologically identified spinocervical tract neurones was studied using the intracellular injection of horseradish peroxidase in anaesthetized cats.2. Thirty-six spinocervical tract neurones were reconstructed from serial sections of the lumbosacral spinal cord, cut in either the transverse or longitudinal planes.3. Horseradish peroxidase provided a more complete picture of the dendrites of spinocervical tract neurones than earlier experiments using Procion Yellow injection (Brown, House, Rose & Snow, 1976a). The longitudinal (rostro-caudal) spread of dendrites from an individual cell was much greater in the present material; neurones in the medial parts of the dorsal horn had dendrites extending for about 500 mum from the soma (1 mm total spread) and neurones in the lateral horn had dendrites extending for about 1 mm from the soma (2 mm total spread). However, the conclusions of the earlier work, on the medio-lateral and dorso-ventral extents of dendritic trees, together with the shapes of dendritic trees viewed as reconstructions in the transverse plane, have been confirmed. Dendrites of spinocervical tract cells barely entered lamina II of Rexed: they often ran in the longitudinal direction along the border between laminae II and III for several hundred mum. Dendritic spines were observed on many spinocervical tract neurones.4. Horseradish peroxidase reaction product stained up to 2.5 cm of the axon of spinocervical tract neurones. Axons usually pursued a tortuous path through the grey matter close to the cell body, giving off up to six collaterals before entering the ipsilateral dorsolateral funiculus. In the funiculus, further collaterals often arose at distances of up to 5.5 mm from the soma; these collaterals ran back into the dorsal horn. Collaterals could be traced sometimes to presumed terminal boutons. The majority of collateral terminal arborizations was between the level of the cell body and 500 mum ventral to it (in laminae IV and V). They were, however, in the same medio-lateral and rostro-caudal region as the dendritic tree of the parent cell.5. It is concluded that the spinocervical tract must now be considered as having a segmental function, in addition to its function of forwarding information towards the cerebral cortex.
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PMID:The morphology of spinocervical tract neurones revealed by intracellular injection of horseradish peroxidase. 90 10

A stopped-flow kinetic study shows that the reduction rate of horseradish peroxidase compound I by phenols and aromatic amines is greatly dependent upon the substituent effect on the benzene ring. Morever it has been possible to relate the reduction rate constants of monosubstituted substrates by a linear free-energy relationship (Hammett equation). The correlation of log (rate constants) with sigma values (Hammett equation) and the absence of correlation with sigma+ values (Okamoto-Brown equation) can be explained by a mechanism of aromatic substrate oxidations, in which the substrate gives an electron to the enzyme compound I and simultaneously loses a proton. The analogy which has been made with oxidation potentials of phenols or anilines strengthens the view that the reaction is only dependent on the relative ease of oxidation of the substrate. The rate constant obtained for p-aminophenol indicates that a value of 2.3 X 10(8) M-1 S-1 probably approaches the diffusion-controlled limit for a bimolecular reaction involving compound I and an aromatic substrate.
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PMID:Substituent effect on the oxidation of phenols and aromatic amines by horseradish peroxidase compound I. 95 58

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is known to be a principal energy source of non-shivering thermogenesis and related diet-induced thermogenesis. These regulate body temperature and body weight and are controlled by the dissipation of excessive dietary caloric intake. We carried out histopathologic, immunohistochemical and biochemical studies of BAT in rats in relation to aging changes. Four groups of Donryu strain male rats (5 each of 1 month, 2 months, 4 months and 20 months of age) were used. They had been given commercial chow and tap water ad libitum and were kept in an air-conditioned room. Body weight (BW), interscapular BAT weight (IBATW) and g IBATW/g BW of rats were measured. Nor-adrenalin (NA), and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) of IBAT were determined. To evaluate the catecholaminergic effects of BAT, morphometric quantitation of BAT was carried out based on the cytoplasmic locularity of fat globules in the BAT cells. Distribution of DBH in BAT was assessed immunohistochemically by the avidin biotin peroxidase complex method. With the use of statistical analysis of variance procedure, there were highly significant decreases in the ratio of g IBATW/g BW (p less than 0.0001) and in the concentrations of NA (p less than 0.0001) and DBH (p less than 0.01) between young (weaning at 1 month old) rats and adult (aged from 4 to 20 months) rats. In the morphometric measurement, by the statistical analysis system (SAS) Spearman correlation coefficient method, there was a significant increase of Type 5 cell (monocular brown adipose tissue cell) in 4 month and 20 month rats, compared to 1 month and 2 month rats (p less than 0.05). Immunohistochemical study of BAT showed localization of DBH in perivascular mesenchymal cells which corresponded with the morphologic distribution of catecholamine as reported by Lever. The results suggest that in the processes of aging in the rat there are reductions in the ratio of g IBATW/g BW, NA and the activity in DBH.
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PMID:[The influence of the sympathetic nervous system on brown adipose tissue: an experimental and histopathologic study on aging]. 176 Nov 39

The localization of serotonin-immunoreactivity (5-HT-IR) in the locus ceruleus (LC) of rats was studied by the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase method using a purified antibody obtained from a rabbit. Antibody production was performed according to the method of Grota and Brown (1974). The antibody was applied to serial cryostat sections with alternate counterstaining by cresyl violet, after intraventricular injections of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine or 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine prior to treatment with pargyline and a precursor of 5-HT. The majority of LC neurons were immunopositive, and more than half of all LC neurons clearly showed 5-HT-IR. Although core cells were the most predominant, all types of neurons were immunopositive, and randomly scattered throughout the LC. The uptake inhibitor, Lilly 110140, administered in sufficient amounts prior to an injection of pargyline, did not reduce 5-HT-IR within the LC. The results suggest that LC neurons receive 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) through an afferent vascular-neuronal channel and/or by diffusion from blood capillaries much more than 5-HT itself. We consider from these results that all types of LC neurons throughout the nucleus are masked 5-HT cells, and that the majority of LC neurons utilize blood-borne 5-HTP as an immediate precursor for intraneuronal 5-HT synthesis.
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PMID:The distribution of serotonin immunoreactivity in the rat locus ceruleus after intraventricular injections of either 5,6- or 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine with special reference to serotonin synthesis. 209 64

Using an original technique permitting repeated plasma exchange in the rat, we have tested this therapeutic approach in animals actively immunised with horseradish peroxidase, and in rats with HgCl2-induced autoimmune glomerulonephritis. Plasma exchange effectively removes circulating IgG anti-horseradish peroxidase antibodies from the sera of immunised rats. When applied to the model of HgCl2-induced antiglomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis in Brown-Norway rats, this technique is also remarkably effective. In these rats, proteinuria is abolished during the plasma exchange treatment period and no circulating antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies can be detected. These antibodies are, however, found in the ultrafiltrates of exchanged rats. Serum IgE, characteristically elevated in HgCl2-treated rats, is also markedly diminished in exchanged rats. Control rats treated with infusions of fresh frozen plasma or with heparin alone did not show any improvement in disease severity. These results suggest that plasma exchange alone can attenuate antiglomerular basement membrane nephritis in HgCl2-treated rats. This observation may be of relevance for the treatment of human antiglomerular-basement membrane-mediated glomerulonephritis.
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PMID:Plasma exchange in a rat model of autoimmune glomerulonephritis. 314 Jan 25

Previous attempts to trace the central pathways of the thin axons from type II spiral ganglion neurons have been hampered by technical difficulties such as fading of the reaction product as distance increases from the injection site (Ryugo et al.: Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 12:779, '86; Brown: J. Comp. Neurol. 260:591-604, '87). By using small rodents (gerbils and mice), which have short auditory nerves, we have succeeded in filling the entire central axon and terminals of type II neurons after peripheral injections of horseradish peroxidase. The general course of the type II fibers within the auditory nerve and cochlear nucleus is similar to that of type I fibers except that terminals from type II neurons are often found in regions of the cochlear nucleus that have high densities of granule cells.
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PMID:Central trajectories of type II spiral ganglion neurons. 323 Jan 71

Horseradish peroxidase was used to label axons of olivocochlear (OC) neurons by intracellular injections in cats and extracellular injections in rodents. These axons arise from cell bodies in the superior olivary complex and project to the cochlea. En route to the cochlea, the thick axons (greater than 0.7 micron diam.) of medial olivocochlear (MOC) neurons formed collaterals that terminated in the ventral cochlear nucleus, the interstitial nucleus of the vestibular nerve (in cats), and the inferior vestibular nucleus (in rodents). The thin axons (less than 0.7 micron diam.), presumed to arise from lateral olivocochlear (LOC) neurons, did not branch near the CN. Within the CN, the MOC collaterals tended to ramify in and near regions with high densities of granule cells, regions also associated with the terminals of type II afferent axons (Brown et al.: J. Comp. Neurol. 278:581-590, '88). These results suggest that those fibers associated peripherally with outer hair cells (MOC efferents and type II afferents) are associated centrally with regions containing granule cells, whereas those fibers associated with inner hair cells peripherally (LOC efferents and type I afferents) are not.
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PMID:Brainstem branches from olivocochlear axons in cats and rodents. 323 Jan 72

In this study we examined the effects of acute graft-vs-host disease (aGVHD) on the Brown Norway (BN) rat liver. When clinical signs of the disease appeared, rats were inoculated with fluorescent latex beads and 30 min later nonparenchymal cells were isolated from the liver. The cells were then analyzed via flow cytometry, histochemistry, and electron microscopy. Flow cytometry demonstrated that 58% of the cells from the 80 ml/min elutriation fraction (normally rich in Kupffer cells) of the non-GVHD liver had high fluorescence intensity compared to 8% in rats with aGVHD. Determination of the cellular composition of the various fractions with electron microscopy confirmed flow cytometry observations in that only 9% of the 80 ml/min elutriation fraction of GVHD livers had peroxidase-positive rough ER and the morphological appearance of macrophages as compared to 60% in the non-GVHD liver. The low percentage of fluorescent-positive Kupffer cells in the 80 ml/min elutriation fraction of the GVHD liver is attributed to a massive lymphocytic invasion of the liver and not necessarily to a defect in the mononuclear phagocyte system.
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PMID:Effects of acute graft-vs-host disease on the liver of the brown Norway rat. 347 36


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