Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0155339 (Brown)
 12,436 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is noted that rats with Heren carcinoma show alkalization of blood, decreased pH levels of the urine, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesiemia, sodium and water retention, increased kalium level in the liver. Analogous changes are observed in rabbits with Brown-Pearce carcinoma. The organism of tumor-bearing rats responds to stress effects otherwise than the organism of normal animals.
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PMID:[Acid-base and water-electrolyte status in animals with experimental tumors]. 1 2

A total of fifty Bulgarian Brown cows were used to test the effect of some hormonal and therapeutic preparations in combination with unspecific agents, having an irritation effect on the reticuloendothelial system, to establish their action on the quantitative and qualitative changes in the microbial flora of the uterus and the impregnantion of cows after calving. It was found that treatment after normal calving with 200,000 IU vitestrol and 20 IV hypophysin, and after rejection of the placenta with 2 g chloramphenicol, 15 g ac. citricum or sodium citrate and 0.2 g pilocarpinum hydrochloricum, coupled with the injection of 30-40 cm3 Filatov's tissue emulsion 8n the 5th day lowered the microbial count in the uterus by to 30.12% from the 1st to the 5th day and by 6.46 to 12.78% from the 10th to the 20th day. Parallel drop was established in the number of microbial species by 42%. Besides, it was noted that the cases of retentio secundinarum among the test cows and the number of cows with acute endometritis after calving decreased by 12%, on an average, the service period became shorter by 12.04 days, and the rate of conception at first insemination rose by 12% as compared with the controls.
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PMID:[Effect of several drugs and nonspecific substances on the uterine microflora of cows during the puerperal period and at the time of impregnation]. 21 34

A phospholipase A2 was purified from the Mexican coral snake Micrurus fulvius microgalbieus (Brown and Smith). Gel filtration of the soluble crude venom on Sephadex g-50 resolved five fractions, of which fraction II had 98% of the total phospholipase activity. This fraction was rechromatographed on a CM-cellulose column that resolved eight fractions, four of which had an important phospholipase activity. The first fraction (II-1) was homogeneous by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and displayed a phospholipase specific activity of 920 units/mg of protein. The apparent molecular weight as determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis was approx. 14000. The amino acid analysis revealed the presence of 119 amino acid residues, with 12 half-cystines. the N-terminal sequence was shown to be Ser-Leu-Leu-Asx-Phe-Lys-Asx-Met-Ile-Glu-Ser-Thr..., which is homologous with that of phospholipases from other snake venoms.
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PMID:Purification and characterization of a phospholipase A2 from the venom of the coral snake, Micrurus fulvius microgalbineus (Brown and Smith). 47 71

The chromatographic separation and biochemical characterization of a beta-bungarotoxin is described. This toxin is isolated as the most basic eluting protein of Bungarus multicinctus venom when separated by column chromatography on CM-Sephadex C-25. The protein migrated as a single band on pH 4.3 and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of this toxin was estimated to be 10 000 +/- 1000 by analytical sedimentation analysis. This value was consistent with the electrophoretic mobility of the toxin in SDS-polyacrylamide gels. The amino acid composition of this 11 000-dalton beta-bungarotoxin was similar to that of the 22 000-dalton beta-bungarotoxin previously reported (Lee et al. (1972) J. Chromatogr. 72, 71--82; Kelly, R.B. and Brown, III, F.R. (1974) J. Neurobiol. 5, 135--150; Kondo et al. (1978) J. Biochem. Tokyo 83, 91--99), suggesting that the 11 000-dalton toxin may be one of the polypeptide chains of the larger toxin. The 11 000-dalton beta-bungarotoxin was toxic to mice when injected intravenously. Animals that received lethal doses exhibited hyperexcitability followed by ataxia, convulsions, and death. The minimum lethal dose was 0.12 microgram/g body weight. This beta-bungarotoxin exhibited Ca2+-dependent phospholipase A activity comparable to that of the 22 000-dalton beta-bungarotoxin. The enzyme exhibited phospholipid substrate specificity in the rank order of phosphatidyl-choline, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidyl-inositol. The enzyme activity was destroyed by boiling for 3 min at pH 8.6. In addition, an enzymatically inactive quantity of the 11 000-dalton toxin, equivalent to five times the minimum lethal dose of enzymatically active toxin, was not lethal when injected into mice. To test whether phospholipase A activity is responsible for lethality, bee venom phospholipase A2 was injected into mice at similar and greater concentrations with no toxic effect. Thus, while phospholipase A activity may be required for the lethal effect of the 11 000-dalton beta-bungarotoxin, the specificity of action of the toxin is not determined by its enzyme activity.
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PMID:Purification and biochemical characterization of an 11 000-dalton beta-bungarotoxin. 56

Brown adipose tissue serves as a model system for nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) since a) it has as a primary physiological function the conversion of chemical energy to heat; and b) preliminary data from other tissues involved in NST (e.g., muscle) indicate that parallel mechanisms may be involved. Now that biochemical pathways have been proposed for brown fat thermogenesis, cellular models consistent with a thermodynamic representation can be formulated. Stated concisely, the thermogenic mechanism in a brown fat cell can be considered as an energy converter involving a sequence of cellular events controlled by signals over the autonomic nervous system. A thermodynamic description for NST is developed in terms of a nonisothermal system under steady-state conditions using network thermodynamics. Pathways simulated include mitochondrial ATP synthesis, a Na+/K+ membrane pump, and ionic diffusion through the adipocyte membrane.
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PMID:Controlled cellular energy conversion in brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. 69 50

Rats gonadectomized 1-2 months previously were anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbitone and 50 ng/100 g body weight of a synthetic decapeptide gonadotrophin releasing factor (LH-RF) injected intravenously. Palsma concentrations of LH and FSH were determined by radioimmunoassay in samples taken before and at intervals up to 60 min after injection of LH-RF. The pituitary response was evaluated by determining the maximal increment in plasma gonadotrophin concentrations and by estimating the area under the plasma gonadotrophin concentration curves. In both males and females the pituitary response was increased in animals given 20 mug oestradiol benzoate 3 days earlier. Progesterone (2-5 mg) had no effect on the response measured 4 h later in oil-treated rats, male or female. In oestrogen-primed rats progesterone administration produced a significantly increased response in females that was not seen if sodium pentobarbitone was given at the time of progesterone injection. In oestrogen-primed males progesterone produced some increase in sensitivity but less than was seen in females. Both in males and in females that had received androgen on day 4 of postnatal life sodium pentobarbitone had no effect on the responses of oestrogen plus progesterone-treated rats to LH-RF. When two injections of LH-RF were given 60 min apart, the second response was greater than the first in animals, both male and female, that had been primed with oestrogen. The second response was no greater than the first in oil-treated females. The results suggest that oestrogen can increase pituitary sensitivity of LH-RF in both male and female rats and that LH-RF itself can increase pituitary sensitivity to a second injection of LH-RF in both male and female rats if they have received oestrogen. It is suggested that the differences between the pituitary responses of females and males after oestrogen plus progesterone treatment and the major differences in gonadotrophin secretion reported previously (Brown-Grant, 1974) may be accounted for on the basis of there being a relatively slight increase in endogenous LH-RF secretion with a consequent marked rise in pituitary responsiveness in female but not in male rats.
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PMID:The pituitary response to exogenous luteinizing hormone releasing factor in steroid-treated gonadectomized rats. 77 6

Plasma corticoids, potassium and sodium, thyroid activity and hemoglobin and hematocrit values were determined at slaughter over a period of four years in 1612 animals representing the following sire groups: Short-horn, Charolais, Simmental, Limousin, Red Angus, Beefmaster, Brown Swiss, Chianina and Jersey. Differences among years and among breeds of sire were significant for all the parameters studied. Hematocrit values were the highest in females and the lowest for entire males, while hemoglobin levels were the lowest in females and the highest for bulls. Plasma corticoid levels were lower for entire males as compared to steers and heifers. Plasma sodium and potassium levels were the highest for females and the lowest entire males. The values reported in this study for several blood components, based on a large number of animals, could serve as clinical guides and as a basis for further research.
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PMID:Physiological and endrocine parameters in beef cattle: breed, sex and year differences. 83 85

Estriol in pregnancy urine is determined by acid hydrolysis of steroid conjugates, followed by ether and aqueous sodium hydroxide extraction and gas chromatography. Derivatives are formed within the injection port of the gas chromatograph using tetramethylammonium hydroxide. Several samples may be processed simultaneously. Hydrolysis and extraction of a specimen are done in a single culture tube; for larger numbers of specimens, a Paton-Brown extractor may be used. With a two-column gas chromatograph, results on two specimens are available within one hour; twelve analyses may be completed within two hours.
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PMID:Rapid determination of urine estriol by an on-column derivatization procedure. 97 25

The course of browning was more rapid in mixtures of polyunsaturated fatty acid esters with casein that in those of the same lipids with formaldehyde-treated casein or with an inert inorganic substrate (barium sulphate or sodium sulphate). On the contrary, the content of oxidation products (peroxides and aldehydes) was much higher in lipids mixed with formaldehydetreated casein or with inorganic substrates. The results obtained with albumin were similar. The ratio of red to yellow pigments was higher in mixtures with non-treated casein than in the other two investigated reaction mistures. Brown pigments contained only low per centages of nitrogen.
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PMID:Nonenzymic browning. XI. Effect of free amino groups on browning reactions in lipid-protein mixtures. 114 20

Deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension was induced in Brown Norway (BN) kininogen-deficient rats (BN-Ka) and normal rats from the same strain (BN-Ki) after nephrectomy. Systolic blood pressure, which was determined by the tail-cuff method, of BN-Ki increased gradually during this treatment. In contrast, the blood pressure of mutant BN-Ka increased rapidly 2 weeks after the onset of the treatment. Urinary excretion of active kallikrein and prokallikrein increased at the same degree in rats of both strains during this treatment. Significant increase in urinary sodium excretion was observed with a tendency to increase in urine volume during the treatment in normal BN-Ki rats, whereas both parameters were essentially not increased in mutant BN-Ka rats, which could not generate urinary kinin. Aprotinin infusion by osmotic minipump to normal BN-Ki rats during the DOCA-salt treatment resulted in significant further increase in the systolic blood pressure.
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PMID:Essential role of kallikrein-kinin system in suppression of blood pressure rise during the developmental stage of hypertension induced by deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt in rats. 128 79


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