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Query: UMLS:C0155339 (Brown)
 12,436 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of Red-bellied Black snake envenomation resulting in intravascular haemolytic anaemia, rhabdomyolysis and anuric renal failure is described in the dog. A 12-year-old female desexed Golden Retriever was presented with a 15 hour history of profuse salivation, progressive lethargy, obtundence, inappetence and collapse. Significant findings on clinical examination were pallor, icterus, tachypnoea and dyspnoea with increased respiratory sounds and crackles in all lung fields. Generalised abdominal and muscular pain was apparent and dark red-brown urine was present around the perineal region. A diagnosis of Red-bellied Black snake (Pseudechis porphyriacus) envenomation was made and the dog was treated with intravenous fluid therapy, Tiger/Brown snake antivenom, packed red cell transfusions and Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation. Continued clinical deterioration occurred and a diagnosis of acute renal failure secondary to myohaemoglobinuric pigmenturia was made 12 hours after admission. Intensive treatment was attempted with diuresis and volume expansion. Oliguria and subsequent anuria ensued and the dog was euthanased due to a grave prognosis and lack of clinical response to treatment. Necropsy examination revealed muscular necrosis, accumulation of fluid in the thoracic and peritoneal cavities, and marked renal tubular necrosis with intraluminal occlusion secondary to pigmentary casts.
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PMID:Anuric renal failure in a dog after red-bellied black snake (Pseudechis porphyriacus) envenomation. 1673 24

Snake venoms contain toxins that activate the coagulation network and cause venom-induced consumption coagulopathy. A previously developed mathematical model of the coagulation network was refined and used to describe and predict the time course of changes in the coagulation factors following envenomation by Brown snake (Pseudonaja spp.), Tiger snake (Notechis scutatus), Rough-scaled snake (Tropidechis carinatus) and Hoplocephalus spp. (Stephens banded, Pale headed and Broad headed). Simulations of the time course of the change in coagulation factors were compared to data obtained from a large prospective study of Australian snake bites - the Australian Snakebite Project. The model predictions were also compared against data for partial and complete VICC obtained from the same study. The model simulations were used to understand the differences in consumption and recovery of clotting factors in partial versus complete VICC as well as among bites from different snake types. The model suggested that the venoms were absorbed almost instantaneously and provided a reasonable prediction of the observed concentration of clotting factors over time in patients bitten by Australian elapid snakes. The model predictions suggested a higher consumption of factors (fibrinogen, II and IX in particular) in patients with complete VICC compared to those with partial VICC. The model also predicted that snakes with "Xa-like" venoms may produce a less severe VICC than snakes with "Xa:Va-like" venoms.
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PMID:Effect of Australian elapid venoms on blood coagulation: Australian Snakebite Project (ASP-17). 2315 81

The sequential pathology of a genotype XIII Bangladeshi strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was studied in 5-weeks old chickens. Layer chickens of ISA Brown breed were inoculated through the intranasal and intraocular routes with the BD-C161/2010 strain of NDV and examined at different times post-infection (pi). NDV-infected chickens showed depression at 3 days pi (dpi) followed by dropped wings, paralysis and death starting at 4 dpi. Lungs of infected chickens showed hemorrhagic lesions starting at 24 hours pi (hpi) that was followed by pallor and slight contraction by 2 to 3 dpi and subsequently developed into severe hemorrhagic pneumonia with mononuclear cell infiltration. Hemorrhagic and necrotizing lesions were found in different visceral organs including proventriculus, intestine, gut-associated lymphoid tissues, liver and kidneys starting at 3 dpi that progressed rapidly. Severe lymphoid depletion was observed in the thymus, spleen and bursa of Fabricius starting at 1-3 dpi followed by hemorrhages, necrosis, inflammation and atrophy at 4-5 dpi. In the brain, mild neuronal lesions such as focal to diffuse encephalitis with encephalomalacia was observed at 2-3 dpi and moderate and diffuse meningoencephalitis with encephalomalacia at advanced stages. In conclusion, the BD-C161/2010 strain of NDV produced lesions typical of velogenic viscerotropic pathotype of NDV.
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PMID:Sequential Pathology of a Genotype XIII Newcastle Disease Virus from Bangladesh in Chickens on Experimental Infection. 3264 Jun 21