Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0155339 (Brown)
 12,436 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Specific activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, estimated in direct and reverse reactions, was decreased, as compared with normal state, without any alterations in the ratio of activities, in muscle homogenates of rabbits with Brown-Pearce carcinoma. The enzymatic activity was decreased by an order of magnitude in homogenates of the tumor as compared with muscle homogenates of the tumor-bearing animals simultaneously with relative stimulation of the reverse reaction. Specific activity of the crystalline enzyme from muscles of tumor-bearing animals was decreased as compared with normal tissues but the ratio of activities was 2-fold increased due to the reverse reaction. In the carcinoma activity of one of the three enzyme fractions, obtained after isoelectrofocusing, was similar to the control values; in the second fraction the ratio of activities was decreased due to inhibition of the direct reaction, the third fraction was inactive. Amino acid composition of crystalline glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, isolated from tumor-bearing animals, was different in content of 5 amino acids from the enzyme amino acid composition of controls, thus suggesting the structural differences of the proteins from these fractions.
 ...
PMID:[Properties of muscle glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in rabbits with Brown-Pearce carcinoma]. 370 12

Obesity-related increase in body fat mass is a risk factor for many diseases, including type 2 diabetes. Controlling adiposity by targeted modulation of adipocyte enzymes could offer an attractive alternative to current dietary approaches. Brown adipose tissue, which is present in rodents but not in adult humans, expresses the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) that promotes cellular energy dissipation as heat. Here, we report on the direct metabolic effects of forced UCP1 expression in white adipocytes derived from a murine (3T3-L1) preadipocyte cell line. After stable integration, the ucp1 gene product was continuously expressed during differentiation and reduced the total lipid accumulation by approximately 30% without affecting other adipocyte markers, such as cytosolic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and leptin production. The expression of UCP1 also decreased glycerol output and increased glucose uptake, lactate output, and the sensitivity of cellular ATP content to nutrient removal. However, oxygen consumption and beta-oxidation were minimally affected. Together, our results suggest that the reduction in intracellular lipid by constitutive expression of UCP1 reflects a downregulation of fat synthesis rather than an upregulation of fatty acid oxidation.
 ...
PMID:Effects of forced uncoupling protein 1 expression in 3T3-L1 cells on mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism. 1720 29