Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0153690 (bone metastases)
 6,382 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tyr-3-Octreotide is a synthetic derivative of somatostatin and a somatostatin-receptor analogue. The iodine-123-labelled compound localizes somatostatin-receptor-positive tumours. In this paper two patients are reported in whom somatostatin receptors were demonstrated in vitro. In a 60-year-old female with an islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas, multiple liver metastases and previously unrecognized bone metastases in the right acetabulum could be diagnosed as the reason for a persistent hypoglycaemia. In a 60-year-old male an islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas was localized with 123I-Tyr-3-octreotide. The somatostatin receptors were demonstrated in vitro and the tumour was successfully treated with somatostatin. These studies demonstrate that 123I-Tyr-3-octreotide offers the possibility of localizing somatostatin-receptor-positive tumours and their metastases. Moreover the method makes it possible to determine the receptor status of a tumour in vivo.
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PMID:Octreotide scintigraphy localizes somatostatin receptor-positive islet cell carcinomas. 168 23

In small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), CT scan remains the most accurate imaging modality for evaluating local extension and specific sites of metastatic disease. The role of nuclear medicine in the work-up of SCLC is still limited to the detection of bone metastases. Recently, a new potential diagnostic tool has been introduced based on the presence of somatostatin receptors in SCLC. With the use of radiolabelled somatostatin analogues it is hoped that an equally effective but simpler staging system has been found that gives a better separation of prognostic subgroups. This article reviews the role of nuclear medicine in general and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in particular in the imaging and staging of SCLC. Clinical value in terms of sensitivity and specificity is discussed in relation with other imaging and staging modalities.
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PMID:Imaging and staging of small-cell lung cancer: is there a future role for octreotide scintigraphy? 749 57

Somatostatin receptors have been described on the membrane of neoplastic cells derived from the APUD system and their expression has also been demonstrated on small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in vitro and in vivo. 21 patients with SCLC were studied using 111In-octreotide (111In-OCT) scintigraphy. Scintigraphic examinations were performed following intravenous (i.v.) injection of 111 MBq 111In-OCT with whole-body scintigraphy and planar scintigraphy of the thorax as well as the SPET technique. No short-term side effects were described following 111In-OCT administration. We studied the 111In-OCT biodistribution in 3 patients with serial scintigraphies at 1, 5 and 24 h. We used the 5 h as standard scanning time for the following 18 patients. The scintigraphic results were compared with those of other conventional diagnostic procedures. 111In-OCT detected 86% (48/56) of the lesions already known at the time of scintigraphy. It was positive in all 20 SCLC patients and negative in one lung adenocarcinoma. 111In-OCT showed high sensitivity for mediastinal metastases (94%) and good sensitivity for bone metastases (75%) and abdominal lymph node metastases (71%). 111In-OCT did not detect two liver metastases. 111In-OCT detected five unknown lesions which were confirmed by other diagnostic examinations. 111In-OCT was also effective in cancer patients with low levels of NSE. Our study shows that 111In-OCT scintigraphy is a reliable, non-invasive technique to detect primary SLCL and its locoregional or distant metastases. The clinical utility of receptor status characterisation obtained with 111In-OCT scintigraphy should be evaluated by means of an appropriate prospective study.
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PMID:Somatostatin receptor imaging of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) by means of 111In-DTPA octreotide scintigraphy. 771 23

Pancreatic polypeptidioma, a pancreatic endocrine tumor, is an extremely uncommon disease and its clinical features and responses to therapy are not well known. We present a 33-year-old woman with disseminated pancreatic polypeptidioma, who subsequently showed various signs and symptoms of metastases, including bone pain, cranial nerve palsy, spinal block, and hematuria, and died 22 months after the presentation. Responses to various therapeutic regimens including hepatic arterial embolization, radiation therapy, systemic chemotherapy, and administration of interferon-alpha or somatostatin analogue, are discussed. Particular note in this case is a prompt response of bone metastases to the radiotherapy.
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PMID:Disseminated pancreatic polypeptidioma. 814 81

Amongst the spinal peptide candidates believed to be involved in the mediation of analgesia, only somatostatin fulfills the criterium of a real analgesia substance. Spinal somatostatin specifically blocks the transmission of painful stimuli. Spinal calcitonin may lower the opioid dose requirement in patients with bone metastases but it fails to relieve acute pain. The usefulness of ACTH and CRF for treatment of pain remains to be established. The role of CCK-8, vasopressin and neurotensin is unclear. The contradictory findings on antinociception using simple rodent withdrawal reflex tests (e.g. the tail flick test), or more complex behavioral tests in which supraspinal sensory processing is involved, (e.g. the hot plate test), indicate that these tests are inappropriate when neuropeptides are employed. Furthermore, due to their inability to predict analgesia in humans, they do not fulfill the guidelines proposed by the IASP that animal test procedures have to be for the benefit of humans.
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PMID:Non-opioid peptides for analgesia. 831 62

Scintigraphic imagery was used in breast carcinoma mostly for the bone metastases screening, using 99mTc-MDP. Others radiopharmaceuticals can be used to visualize either the primary tumour or the soft tissues metastases. It's mainly the case of 99mTc-MIBI, and also of some somatostatin analogues, like Octreoscan. This case report of a patient with a T3N1M+ breast adenocarcinoma having different secondary sites represent also a prove of the complementarity of these explorations, which give the possibility of diagnostic and therapeutic evaluation and, in the same time, the possibility of a better understood of the metastasizing mechanism.
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PMID:[Complementary scintigraphic examinations (99mTc-MDP, 99mTc-MIBI and Octreoscan) in breast neoplasm assessment]. 945 58

A 62-year-old man with a history of a resected rectal polyp was diagnosed 14 years later with right liver and multiple bone metastases. The liver biopsy showed a malignant epithelial tumor that was positive for neuron-specific enolase immunostaining and negative for chromogranin. Electron microscopy was characteristic of that for an endocrine tumor. Most circulating hormonal peptide levels were within normal ranges and only motilin level was elevated. On the right hepatectomy, the three large metastases had a histologic picture suggestive of an endocrine tumor. Immunohistochemistry revealed in some areas numerous tumor cells expressing motilin, and a few cells were strongly positive for pancreatic polypeptide and somatostatin. The retrospective analysis of the rectal polyp showed a similar histology and immunohistochemical profile, indicating that this lesion was the primary tumor. Motilin-positive cells from one of the hepatic lesions were identified on semithin sections and further processed for electron microscopy. Neurosecretory granules were numerous in all cells. Immunoelectron localization enabled us to characterize the motilin-containing neurosecretory granules, which had a mean diameter of 168.3x38.1 nm. Although not all tumor cells were motilin-positive, a diagnosis of motilinoma for the rectal polyp and its hepatic and bone metastases was proposed.
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PMID:Motilin-producing liver and bone metastases evidenced 14 years after resection of a rectal polyp. 1040 8

Major neuroendocrine tumors contain many somatostatin receptors. This feature allows for the localization of primary tumors and tumor metastases by scintigraphy with the radiolabeled somatostatin analog octreotide. We describe a patient with nonspecific clinical data and ultrasonography and CT that showed an isolated focal lesion in the liver. In-111 octreotide scintigraphy was essential in establishing the diagnosis of liver metastasis from a neuroendocrine tumor confirmed by pathologic findings. Because clinical symptoms recurred, ultrasonography and CT were performed a few months after surgery. Both were negative. However, In-111 octreotide scintigraphy suggested multiple bone metastases and established the diagnosis of bone metastases from a neuroendocrine tumor, which was confirmed by Tc-99m MDP bone scans and MRI.
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PMID:In-111 octreotide scan in a case of a neuroendocrine tumor of unknown origin. 1059 76

Recent studies report that the radiolabelled synthetic somatostatin analogue, [111In-DTPA-DPhe1]octreotide, is useful for imaging carcinoid tumours and pancreatic endocrine tumours. At present, it is unclear whether this method is superior to conventional imaging studies (computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, angiography) and what its role should be, if any, in the management of these patients. The aim of this paper is to review five recent studies performed at the National Institutes of Health in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome to define the role of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy. Patients were from a tertiary referral centre, all had Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. In Study n. 1: the sensitivity of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy was assessed compared to conventional studies in 80 patients. Study n. 2: the effect of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy on management was determined in 122 patients. Study n. 3: ability of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy and other conventional methods to distinguish small hepatic metastases (< 2 cm) from hepatic haemangiomas was assessed in 29 patients. Study n. 4: somatostatin receptor scintigraphy, magnetic resonance imaging and bone scanning were compared in 115 consecutive patients to detect bone metastases. Study n. 5: ability of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy to detect gastrinomas found at surgery in 35 patients and its effect on cure rate and determinants of detection of gastrinomas by somatostatin receptor scintigraphy were analysed. Briefly, results showed: Study n. 1: somatostatin receptor scintigraphy is the most sensitive modality for detection of primary or metastatic gastrinomas; Study n. 2: somatostatin receptor scintigraphy changes management in 47% of cases; Study n. 3: somatostatin receptor scintigraphy is the only method to distinguish small liver metastases from small haemangiomas; Study n. 4: somatostatin receptor scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging have higher sensitivity and predictive values for bone metastases than bone scanning; Study n. 5: somatostatin receptor scintigraphy misses 33% of gastrinomas found at surgery, primarily small duodenal tumours. Size is the important factor. The use of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy does not increase cure rate. In conclusion, Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy is now the imaging method of choice in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome for preoperative primary tumour localization, detection of bone or liver metastases, and to distinguish small liver metastases from small hepatic haemangiomas. Its specificity appears to be high but has been poorly studied as has the use of it in combination with endoscopic ultrasound. Studies by others suggest these recommendations will apply to carcinoid tumours and other pancreatic endocrine tumours except insulinomas.
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PMID:Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in gastrinomas. 1060 26

The case history is presented of a patient with paraplegia caused by progressive spinal cord compression due to bone metastases of a neuroendocrine pulmonary tumour. After failed external radiotherapy, the patient received targeted internal radiotherapy administered as a fractionated treatment with intravenous injections of a total of 7400 MBq/m2 of [90YDOTA]-D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide (90Y-DOTATOC), a radiolabelled somatostatin analogue. This case history highlights the value of 90Y-DOTATOC in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumours and the importance and possibility of good palliation of neuroendocrine bone metastases.
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PMID:Exceptional results in neuroendocrine-metastases-caused paraplegia treated with [90Y-DOTA]-D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide (90Y-DOTATOC), a radiolabelled somatostatin analogue. 1085 53


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