Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0153690 (bone metastases)
 6,382 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Breast cancer has a prodigious capacity to metastasize to bone. In women with advanced breast cancer and bone metastases, bisphosphonates reduce the incidence of hypercalcaemia and skeletal morbidity. Recent clinical findings suggest that some bisphosphonates reduce the tumour burden in bone with a consequent increase in survival, raising the possibility that bisphosphonates may have a direct effect on breast cancer cells. We have investigated the in vitro effects of bisphosphonates zoledronate, pamidronate, clodronate and EB 1053 on growth, viability and induction of apoptosis in three human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, Hs 578T and MCF-7). Cell growth was monitored by crystal violet dye assay, and cell viability was quantitated by MTS dye reduction. Induction of apoptosis was determined by identification of morphological features of apoptosis using time-lapse videomicroscopy, identifying morphological changes in nucleis using Hoechst staining, quantitation of DNA fragmentation, level of expression of bcl-2 and bax proteins and identification of the proteolytic cleavage of Poly (ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP). All four bisphosphonates significantly reduced cell viability in all three cell lines. Zoledronate was the most potent bisphosphonate with IC50 values of 15, 20 and 3 microM respectively in MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and Hs 578T cells. Corresponding values for pamidronate were 40, 35 and 25 microM, whereas clodronate and EB 1053 were more than two orders of magnitude less potent. An increase in the proportion of cells having morphological features characteristic of apoptosis, characteristic apoptotic changes in the nucleus, time-dependent increase in the percentage of fragmented chromosomal DNA, down-regulation in bcl-2 protein and proteolytic cleavage of PARP, all indicate that bisphosphonates have direct anti-tumour effects on human breast cancer cells.
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PMID:Bisphosphonates induce apoptosis in human breast cancer cell lines. 1078 May 27

The treatment of metastatic bony lesions with the involvement of adjacent neurovascular structures presents a surgical challenge. We present-to the best of our knowledge-the first case of a patient suffering from a metastatic lytic lesion at the proximal tibia who underwent palliative treatment with the use of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) felt as a liner in order to preserve the adjacent vasculature and nerves. An 82-year-old female patient was diagnosed with multiple lytic bone metastases from renal cell carcinoma. One of these metastatic lesions was located at the proximal metaphysis of the left tibia. The lesion destructed the proximal metaphyseal part and the posterior cortex, and it was extending into the popliteal fossa. As a result, the patient was unable to bear weight. The patient was not fit to undergo radical operative treatment. As a means of palliative therapy, she underwent intralesional curettage and instillation of Poly-Methyl-Methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement using an alternative novel surgical technique with the use of a PTFE felt as a liner in order to protect the adjacent vasculature and nerves. This technique has proven to be successful in preventing cement leak into the popliteal cavity and efficient in allowing the patient to bear weight and walk independently until she demised 14 months later. The use of a PTFE felt as a liner, when treating lytic lesions, in order to protect the adjacent vasculature and nerves from PMMA leakage, is a helpful novel surgical option in cases when a radical treatment cannot be implemented.
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PMID:Palliative Surgical Management of a Metastatic Lesion of the Tibia with Extension into the Popliteal Fossa Using Polytetrafluoroethylene Felt and Bone Cement. 3329 27