Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0153690 (bone metastases)
 6,382 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A woman with multiple bone metastases three years after radical mastectomy for right breast carcinoma was admitted to the Department of Radiology, National Hakodate Hospital. She underwent radiotherapy for the metastasis of the seventh cervical vertebra, and her back pain decreased. Six courses of combination chemotherapy were undertaken using MTX, CPM, 5-FU, VCR and predonine, but her multiple bone metastases progressed. Then, she was treated with chemo-endocrine therapy which consisted of tamoxifen 30 mg daily and CPM 100 mg daily given orally. Two months later, UFT 400 mg daily was administered instead of CPM. This therapy has been effective for 8 years, and she has remained alive and well. On bone scintigram, the abnormal radioisotope uptake almost disappeared. Also, X-ray film showed no osteolytic change and no destruction of bone. These results suggest that it is important to select a suitable combination of drugs for each patient with advanced breast carcinoma.
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PMID:[A case report of multiple bone metastases of breast carcinoma effectively treated with mild chemo-endocrine therapy]. 173 37

Between September 1988 and August 1990, we treated 35 women with metastatic breast cancer with a novel regimen containing mitoxantrone, fluorouracil (5-FU), and high-dose leucovorin. This regimen was designed to take full advantage of the favorable toxicity profiles of these agents while maintaining a high level of activity. All patients had received previous chemotherapy (adjuvant only, 15 patients; at least one metastatic regimen, 20 patients). Seven patients had received previous doxorubicin, but none within 6 months of study entry. Of 31 assessable patients, 20 (65%) had objective responses (two complete, 18 partial), with a median response duration of 6 months (range, 3 to 16+ months). Four patients with bone metastases (abnormal bone scan only) and pain were not considered assessable by strict response criteria; two of these patients had sustained symptomatic relief for 6 and 8 months, respectively. Myelosuppression was the most frequent toxicity but was mild in most patients; only four hospitalizations for fever and neutropenia were required (2% of courses). No severe thrombocytopenia occurred and no RBC transfusions were required. Alopecia, mucositis, and nausea/vomiting were uncommon and were not severe in any patient. The combination of mitoxantrone, 5-FU, and high-dose leucovorin is well tolerated and active as a first- or second-line treatment for metastatic breast cancer. Comparison with other standard regimens for breast cancer is indicated.
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PMID:Mitoxantrone, fluorouracil, and high-dose leucovorin: an effective, well-tolerated regimen for metastatic breast cancer. 191 22

Based on favorable results we reported earlier with the CAP regimen in breast cancer (CAP vs CMFVP), the present study compared the CAP with the FAC regimen, which is so far one of the most active adriamycin containing chemotherapy regimens in breast cancer. The aim of the study was to find the optimal first line treatment and possibly evaluate the role of cis platinum in breast cancer chemotherapy. The CAP schedule consisted of cyclophosphamide 200 mg/m2 i.v. days 1, 3 and 5, adriamycin 40 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, and platinum 30 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, 3 and 5. The FAC schedule included 5-FU 500 mg/m2 days 1 and 8, adriamycin 50 mg/m2 day 1, and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 day 1. One hundred and twenty-six previously untreated patients received greater than 2 cycles and were evaluated. In the CAP arm 15 complete (26%) and 24 partial remissions were observed, resulting in a 67% overall response rate (39/58). The response in soft tissue and visceral organs was notable (78% - 22/28, 71% - 15/21) with an important complete response rate (32%). In the FAC arm there was an overall response in 41% (28/68) of patients, with 8 complete (12%) and 20 partial responses. The difference in overall response, complete response, and response in soft tissue and visceral organs, was statistically significant in favor of the CAP arm (P less than 0.005). Concerning bone metastases there was no difference between the two schedules in response rate, nor in the median remission duration (CAP 11, FAC 10 months). In spite of a somewhat longer median survival in the CAP group, the difference (13 months vs 9 months) was not statistically significant (P = 0.10). Toxicity was moderate and tolerable in both regimens with more pronounced myelosuppression and vomiting in the CAP group. Compared with the FAC schedule the platinum containing combination chemotherapy (CAP) showed higher antitumor activity with no reflection on remission duration and survival.
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PMID:Combination of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and platinum (CAP) versus 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (FAC) as primary treatment in metastatic breast cancer: results of a prospective randomized study. 274 Dec 18

A 57-year-old woman underwent left lower lobectomy for primary lung cancer (papillary adenocarcinoma, T2NOMO). Despite postoperative adjuvant immunochemotherapy with 5-Fu, Carboquone and PS-K, bone metastases were recognized at 9 months after the surgery. She received radiation therapy and was administered PS-K alone, 3.0 g daily. As a result, long-term good condition was maintained with a positive PPD skin test. The bone metastases developed slowly, and the patient survived 5 years and 8 months after the operation. At autopsy, no obvious metastatic lesions were identified except for the bone metastases. The cause of her death was thought to be acute renal failure due to severe hemorrhage from an esophageal ulcer. Moreover, she was doomed because of advanced polycystic disease.
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PMID:[Effects of PS-K as adjuvant therapy for primary lung cancer--an autopsy case]. 651 25

A 58-year-old male complaining of pollakisuria, miction pain and back pain visited us Dec. 26, 1979. Rectal examination revealed the prostate enlarged by 5 digital width, stony hard and irregular. Transrectal needle biopsy revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Bladder neck invasion, pelvic and mediastinal lymph node metastases and multiple bone metastases were found. The case was diagnosed with prostatic adenocarcinoma T3N2M1 (OSS, LYM) stage D2. Three courses of chemotherapy using ifosfamide applied from Feb. 2, 1980 showed no marked effect except for partial pain relief. Hormonal treatment with diethylstilbestrol diphosphate was started from May 28 and arterial infusion chemotherapy using CDDP and 5-FU was performed 2 months later, resulting in size reduction of the prostate and pelvic lymph node metastases and disappearance of mediastinal lymph node metastases. Needle biopsy of the prostate was negative for cancer cells. After 8 months, Tegafur was started, and 12 months later radiotherapy was added to the prostate and pelvic lymph nodes. The abnormal accumulation in bone scan began to decrease after 14 months and achieved complete remission 28 months after the initial therapy. We discontinued the hormonal therapy 31 months later because of his complaint of chest discomfort and palpitation. At the present time, 14 years after the initial therapy, the prostate was 35 x 29 x 19 mm in size on transrectal ultrasonography with undetectable serum PSA level and no tumor cells but only mass fibrosis has been seen by pathological examinations. We considered this patient to be with no evidence of disease.
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PMID:[A case of completely responding stage D2 prostatic cancer with no evidence of disease 14 years after diagnosis]. 780 48

We performed hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAI) combined with 5-FU-MMC-EPIR for bile duct cancer metastasized to the liver. We report a case for which we obtained PR. The case was a 59-year-old woman, who was diagnosed to have multiple liver metastases with an increase of CEA and LDH after 6 months from absolute curative resection for middle bile duct cancer. The patient was catheterized into the proper hepatic artery through the right femoral artery, and 5-FU 500 mg qw, MMC 4 mg q2w, and EPIR 30 mg q4w were infused via a reservoir. Two months after the treatment was begun, CEA and LDH values became normal. At the same time, PR was obtained and was shown upon CT, which continued for 5 months. After an 8-month period during which the patient was an outpatient at PS-0, multiple bone metastases appeared, and the radiotherapy was combinedly utilized for each lesion. The side effect of this method was decrease of leukocytes and blood platelets, but it disappeared by discontinuing medication. The patient died two years after the first operation, a year and four months from the time HAI was begun. It was possible to continue this treatment with PS 1-2 on an outpatient basis until one month before the patient's death. We concluded that hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy is an effective therapeutic method.
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PMID:[A case of liver metastasis from bile duct cancer effectively treated with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy]. 794 38

An advanced gastric cancer patient with multiple retroperitoneal lymph node metastases and bone metastases was treated with sequential MTX and 5-FU. Complete response was obtained against both gastric primary lesion and retroperitoneal lymph nodes observed endoscopically and by computed tomography. Partial response was obtained against bone metastases observed by bone scintigraphy. Side effects of the chemotherapy were not observed.
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PMID:[A case of nonresectable gastric cancer treated by sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil]. 829 4

Immuno-chemotherapy via a catheter in the subclavian artery using sequential treatment with OK-432, chemotherapeutic agents (ADM, 5-FU), and cultured autologous lymphocytes, was performed for 9 Stage IV breast cancer patients with locally-advanced primary tumor. Tumor reduction of more than 50% was observed in 8 patients including 4 whose breast tumors had disappeared. Among 11 evaluable distant metastatic lesions, 7 (1 pleural effusion, 2 lung, 2 liver, 2 bone metastases) regressed after local immunotherapy of breast or additional regional immunotherapy (1 lung, 1 liver, 1 pleural effusion). Median survival time to date is 56 months. Five patients are currently alive, although 3 of them did not undergo mastectomy. Local immuno-chemotherapy may be useful because (a) toxicity is limited, (b) low doses of anti-cancer agents during the therapy (median dose of ADM, 60 mg) do not limit subsequent systemic chemotherapy, and (c) distant metastases often regress concomitantly with the primary lesions.
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PMID:[Transarterial immuno-chemotherapy including adoptive transfer of autologous cultured lymphocytes for stage IV breast cancer patients with locally-advanced tumor]. 837 27

The theoretical purpose of induced hypertensive chemotherapy used together with injection of Angiotensin-II is to increase the delivery of anticancer drug to the target tumor tissue by increasing blood flow in the tumor. Angiotensin-II (0.1 mg) was dissolved in 50 ml of normal saline, and given through a peripheral vein by a microinfusion pump. When systolic pressure rose to about 140 to 150 mmHg, Mitomycin C (10 to 20 mg/body) was given for 10 minutes via implanted port, whose tip was located in hepatic artery, followed by continuous infusion of 5-FU at 250 mg/day for 5 days. Response could be measured in 4 of all cases (66.7%). CR was found in 2 and PR in 2. Bone metastases or systemic lymph node metastases occurred after a few months in one CR case and one NC case. We concluded that this mode of chemotherapy was a useful measure for the treatment of liver metastases from gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Induced hypertensive chemotherapy with angiotensin-II for liver metastases from gastric cancer]. 885 4

A significant percentage (50-70%) of patients with metastatic breast carcinoma (MBC) will have disease involving the bony skeleton. Clonal selection mediated by parathyroid hormone-related protein and other factors may explain the high incidence of osseous metastases in MBC. The presence of specific growth factors and cytokines in the microenvironment of bone may contribute to the successful establishment and growth of metastatic lesions and also might determine response or resistance of these lesions to chemotherapy or hormonal therapy. Osteolytic bone lesions in MBC frequently give rise to serious clinical problems including bone pain, pathologic fracture, hypercalcemia, and neurologic complications. MBC often is treated with systemic chemotherapy or hormonal therapy. The purpose of this article was to review the recent published literature describing the impact of systemic chemotherapy and hormonal therapy of MBC on the response of bone lesions and their clinical course and complications. Evaluating the response of bone lesions can be problematic and may be complicated by the phenomenon of "tumor flare" that may be observed with either chemotherapy or hormonal therapy. Use of the International Union Against Cancer criteria for the response of bone lesions is recommended. Several studies report objective responses (20-60%) of lytic bone metastases to standard combination chemotherapy regimens such as cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and 5-fluorouracil, mitoxantrone and 5-FU, newer combinations, and single agents including paclitaxel and docitaxel but responses to vinorelbine may be less frequent. Complete responses of bone lesions to chemotherapy are rare but partial responses and disease stabilization can lead to long term patient benefit. A series from the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center of patients with bone metastases treated with 5-FU, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy reported a median duration of response of 14 months. In a recent multicenter study of 195 patients with lytic lesions from MBC treated with chemotherapy, the objective response rate (complete response + partial response) in bone was 18% and 65% of the patients developed at least 1 morbid skeletal event with a median onset of 7.0 months from the start of chemotherapy. Hormone-dependent breast carcinoma has a proclivity to metastasize to bone. In earlier studies comparing aminoglutethimide or medroxyprogesterone acetate with tamoxifen, a higher response rate of bone metastases was observed for the first two agents. However, in more recent studies comparing newer aromatase inhibitors, such as anastrozole, fadrozole, and letrozole, with megestrol acetate, there were no significant differences in rates of response in bone. Patients with MBC with bony lesions respond to both chemotherapy and hormonal therapy and can have a prolonged survival. Therefore such patients are in a more favorable position to benefit from adjunctive supportive therapy such as bisphosphonates intended to reduce skeletal morbidity.
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PMID:Issues concerning the role of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy of bone metastases from breast carcinoma. 936 31


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