Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0153690 (bone metastases)
 6,382 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The bone morphogenetic activities of the primary tumors of 30 patients with osteosarcoma were assayed. This activity was demonstrated as ectopic new bone formation on implantation of freeze-dried fractions of 12 of 30 tumors into athymic nude mice. Pulmonary metastases developed in ten (83%) of the 12 patients with osteosarcomas that produced bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), and bone metastases developed in six (50%) of the patients. The mean period from diagnosis to metastasis was 4.2 months in these patients. In contrast, pulmonary metastases developed in only eight (44%) of the patients with osteosarcomas that did not produce BMP, and bone metastases developed in only two (11%) of these patients. The mean period to metastasis was 12.3 months in these patients. The incidence of metastases in the patients with osteosarcomas producing BMP was significantly higher, and the mean period to metastasis was also significantly shorter than in the other group. The five year survival rates of patients with osteosarcomas that did and did not produce BMP were 33.3% and 54.6%, respectively (P = 0.015, log-rank test). Thus the bone morphogenetic activity of primary osteosarcoma tissue seems to be closely correlated with the prognosis of the patients.
 ...
PMID:Prognostic significance of bone morphogenetic activity in osteosarcoma tissue. 342 72

Demineralized extracts of bone matrix and conditioned media from cultured fetal rat calvaria have been reported to contain growth stimulatory activity for bone cells. To investigate the potential role of these local bone growth factors in the development of bone metastases, we chose the Walker 256 carcinosarcoma, a rat mammary tumor which causes osteolytic bone metastases and hypercalcemia. 45Ca-labeled, 19-day fetal Sprague-Dawley rat calvaria were cultured for 96 hours in BGJb medium. Walker cells from ascites tumors or cultures were grown in unconditioned media or in conditioned media harvested from the bone cultures, in the presence of 10% fetal calf serum. Media were changed every 2 days, cells were counted daily for 5 days, and 3H-thymidine uptake into acid insoluble residues was measured. The growth of tumor cells was 5-6-fold greater in conditioned media than in unconditioned media and the effect was dose dependent. Cells cultured in conditioned media demonstrated a approximately 3-fold enhancement of 3H-thymidine incorporation. Generation of growth stimulatory activity correlated with the extent of bone resorption, measured by release of 45Ca from the fetal parietal bones (r = 0.85; P less than 0.001). Conditioned media from bones cultured with 10(-7) M prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) contained greater amounts of growth stimulatory activity than untreated conditioned media, but PGE2 itself did not stimulate tumor cell growth. Addition of 3.5 mM PO4 to bone cultures blocked bone resorption and the generation of growth factors. Growth stimulatory activity was stable to heat (56 C for 30 minutes) and trypsin digestion, with an apparent molecular weight of less than 17,000 daltons by high-performance liquid chromatography. Conditioned medium also stimulated the growth of 13762 rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells, MB-MDA-231 human breast carcinoma cells, TE-85 osteosarcoma cells, a murine fibrosarcoma and rat embryonic fibroblasts, with the most potent effects noted for Walker tumor cells, the TE-85 osteosarcoma, and human breast carcinoma lines. These results suggest a mechanism by which bone resorption could promote the development of skeletal metastasis.
 ...
PMID:Resorbing bone stimulates tumor cell growth. A role for the host microenvironment in bone metastasis. 345 36

The authors first describe and illustrate didactically the use of the Kaplan-Meier actuarial technique for serial diagnostic studies. They then present an analysis of previously published data on the results of serial radionuclide bone images in patients with osteosarcoma or breast carcinoma, using this technique. The data indicate that patients with osteosarcoma show an almost linear increase in the occurrence of bone metastases between 5 and 29 months after diagnosis; the rate is approximately 1% per month. Patients with breast cancer, on the other hand, show a biphasic rate of development, averaging only 0.5% per month during the first year after diagnosis but increasing rapidly to approximately 2% per month after 15 months.
 ...
PMID:Analysis of serial radionuclide bone images in osteosarcoma and breast carcinoma. 692 97

Fifty-six patients with osteosarcoma were studied to determine the onset of pulmonary and bone metastases. While pulmonary metastases were always detected prior to bone metastases in the era before adjuvant chemotherapy, in this study of patients on adjuvant therapy 16% of patients with metastases showed osseous metastases prior to or without pulmonary metastases.
 ...
PMID:Changing indications for bone scintigraphy in patients with osteosarcoma. 692 98

Intratibial inoculation of a Moloney strain of Murine Sarcoma Virus (MSV-M) in neonatal Wistar-Lewis rats produced osteosarcoma in 96% of animals and resulted in a median survival of 20 days. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of doxorubicin (adriamycin) (1-2 mg/kg/d, on day 10-12) resulted in reduced tumor growth and prolonged median survival to 95+ and 64 days, respectively. Higher dose doxorubicin (3-4 mg/kg/d, on day 10-12) caused early lethal toxicity. Autopsy data revealed a characteristic sarcomatous tumor producing osteoid. Gross pulmonary nodules appeared in 30% of both treated and untreated animals. Microscopic evaluation of lung tissue revealed anaplastic tumors without osteoid in as many as 90% of rats. Hepatosplenomegaly was usually present but microscopic sections of the spleen did not reveal tumor. Long bone metastases were increased in frequency in those animals receiving doxorubicin. Cell mediated immunity (CMI) to osteosarcoma cells by peripheral blood lymphocytes of tumor-bearing animals was detectable between days 21-48. This was bimodal with an early peak at day 21 (CMI = 56%) and a late peak at day 39 (CMI = 48%). CMI in rats given 1 mg/kg/d x 3d of doxorubicin was similar, with peak cytotoxicity (CMI = 61%) on day 26. Two mg/kg/d x 3d of doxorubicin did not significantly suppress either the early response (CMI = 50% on day 22) or the second peak (CMI = 38% and 50% on day 40 and 46, respectively). Thus, doxorubicin was effective in decreasing the growth of an MSV-M induced osteosarcoma and prolonging survival in the rat while usually failing to suppress CMI against rat osteosarcoma cells.
 ...
PMID:Antitumor effects of doxorubicin against a virally-induced rat osteosarcoma with minimal immunosuppression. 693 62

Any pathological damage occurring in a bone will produce either an osteolytic or osteosclerotic lesion which can be seen in the macroscopic specimen as well as in the roentgenogram. Various bone lesions may lead to local destructions of the bone. An osteoma or osteoplastic osteosarcoma produces an osteosclerotic lesion showing a dense mass in the roentgenogram; a chondroblastoma or an osteoclastoma, on the other had, induces an osteolytic focal lesion. This paper presents examples of different osteolytic lesions of the humerus. An osteolytic lesion seen in the roentgenogram may be either produced by an underlying non-ossifying fibroma of the bone, by fibrous dysplasia, osteomyelitis or Ewing's sarcoma. Differential diagnostic considerations based on the radiological picture include eosinophilic bone granuloma, juvenile or aneurysmal bone cyst, multiple myeloma or bone metastases. Serious differential diagnostic problems may be involved in case of osteolytic lesions occurring in the humerus. Cases of this type involving complications have been reported and include the presence of an teleangiectatic osteosarcoma as well as that of a hemangiosarcoma of the bone.
 ...
PMID:[Intraosseous osteolytic lesions. Diagnostic, differential diagnosis and therapy (author's transl)]. 694 21

The value of full-lung tomograms and of bone scanning in the initial work-up of patients with osteogenic sarcoma is evaluated in 126 consecutive cases observed at the Bone Tumor Center of the Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli from July 1976 to December 1980. Full-lung tomograms and bone scanning showed unsuspected metastases in 3 patients and 2 patients respectively. False abnormal results were observed in 4 cases by tomography and in 3 cases by bone scan. The authors conclude that in osteosarcoma, the yields of full-lung tomography and of bone scanning are small in detecting unsuspected lung and bone metastases at the time of presentation. It therefore appears improbable that the improvements recently observed in this tumor with adjuvant chemotherapy are the result of unintentional case selection bias due to these examinations not having been performed in the historical group.
 ...
PMID:Full-lung tomograms and bone scanning in the initial work-up of patients with osteogenic sarcoma. A review of 126 cases. 696 68

The surgical management of bone metastases should relieve pain and improve function. Of the operative cases (170 in the last 10 years), 30% underwent resectional therapy with successful implantation of an endoprosthesis. Surgical management of primary malignant bone tumors should result in cure. Since 1976, in 44 of 54 cases of osteosarcoma a tumor resection was performed and in 40 cases the operation was adequate. A rotation plasty operation was performed in 15 of the 44, a tumor endoprosthesis was implanted in 22, and other methods were used in seven.
 ...
PMID:[Surgical therapy of malignant bone tumors and results of the treatment]. 696 62

Osteosarcoma of the thoracic spine developed in a 15-year-old Japanese boy. After his first admission with paralysis, multiple skeletal metastases were demonstrated in the absence of pulmonary metastasis. This rare condition may possibly be considered as a unicentric osteosarcoma with bone metastases, since there were no precursor lesions or history of exposure to radioactive materials or chemical agents. These multiple lesions may be an example of so-called "organ-specific metastasis," although this "nonstochastic" process is rare.
 ...
PMID:Osteosarcoma with multiple skeletal metastases. A case of "nonstochastic" metastasis. 751 Jan 14

Thirty-five dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma were treated with 5 doses of doxorubicin (30 mg/m2 of body surface, i.v., every 2 weeks). Surgical excision of the primary tumor was performed 13 days after the second (n = 18) or third (n = 17) treatment, and the subsequent doxorubicin treatment was given the day following surgery. Resected tumors were evaluated histologically to determine response to preoperative chemotherapy (ie, percentage of the tumor that was necrotic). Survival data for the 35 dogs were compared with survival data for a historical control group, consisting of 162 dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma treated by amputation alone. Administration of doxorubicin at 2 week intervals was well tolerated. Three dogs were alive and did not have evidence of disease at the time of reporting. Of the remaining 32 dogs, 3 died or were euthanatized because of cardiomyopathy presumably caused by doxorubicin; 1 died suddenly 116 weeks after initiation of treatment; and the remaining 28 were euthanatized because of problems documented to be related to distant metastases. Thirteen dogs (40.6%) were euthanatized because of pulmonary metastases, 10 dogs (31.3%) were euthanatized because of bone metastases, and 5 dogs (15.6%) were euthanatized because of metastases in other sites. The proportion of dogs euthanatized because of bone metastases was significantly (P < 0.001) higher for the study group than for the control group. Median survival time for the 35 dogs that received doxorubicin was estimated to be 52.3 weeks, and 1- and 2-year survival rates were estimated to be 50.5 and 9.7%, respectively. Survival time was significantly (P < 0.0001) longer for these dogs than for control dogs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Results of surgery and doxorubicin chemotherapy in dogs with osteosarcoma. 777 32


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>