Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0153690 (bone metastases)
 6,382 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a patient with multiple metastases of Ewing's sarcoma in whom the tumor vanished after a bacterial infection. To the best of our knowledge, no comparable case with Ewing's sarcoma has been reported in the literature. The patient was a 17-year-old male who had an irregular destructive lesion of the left pelvis on radiologic examination. Pathologic examination of a biopsy specimen revealed Ewing's sarcoma. After the operation, a roentgenogram showed multiple spinal metastases with paraplegia. Despite initiation of chemotherapy, a subsequent bone scan showed several areas of increased uptake indicating multiple metastatic lesions. A fistula with purulent discharge opened at the operative site. While being treated with antibiotics and fistula irrigation, the fistula narrowed and his high fever subsided. During this period, radiologic examinations indicated that the multiple bone metastases had nearly disappeared. Nine years after the operation, the patient is alive without any evidence of tumor. We postulate that the antitumor activity in this patient resulted from the bacterial infection, and believe that this case supports continued consideration of immunotherapy for cancer.
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PMID:Disappearance of Ewing's sarcoma following bacterial infection: a case report. 913 4

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates such as zoledronic acid (ZOL) and pamidronate have been widely and successfully used for the treatment of cancer patients with bone metastases and/or hypercalcemia. Accumulating recent reports have shown that cancer patients who have received these bisphosphonates occasionally manifest bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) following dental treatments, including tooth extraction. However, little is known about the pathogenesis of BRONJ to date. Here, to understand the underlying pathogenesis of BRONJ, we examined the effects of ZOL on wound healing of the tooth extraction socket using a mouse tooth extraction model. Histomorphometrical analysis revealed that the amount of new bone and the numbers of blood vessels in the socket were significantly decreased in ZOL-treated mice compared to control mice. Consistent with these results, ZOL significantly inhibited angiogenesis induced by vascular endothelial growth factor in vivo and the proliferation of endothelial cells in culture in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, etidronate, a non-nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, showed no effects on osteogenesis and angiogenesis in the socket. ZOL also suppressed the migration of oral epithelial cells, which is a crucial step for tooth socket closure. In addition, ZOL promoted the adherence of Streptococcus mutans to hydroxyapatite and the proliferation of oral bacteria obtained from healthy individuals, suggesting that ZOL may increase the bacterial infection. In conclusion, our data suggest that ZOL delays wound healing of the tooth extraction socket by inhibiting osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Our data also suggest that ZOL alters oral bacterial behaviors. These actions of ZOL may be relevant to the pathogenesis of BRONJ.
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PMID:Zoledronic acid delays wound healing of the tooth extraction socket, inhibits oral epithelial cell migration, and promotes proliferation and adhesion to hydroxyapatite of oral bacteria, without causing osteonecrosis of the jaw, in mice. 1988

Bisphosphonates are often used to treat osteoporosis, malignant bone metastases, and hypercalcemia. However, it can cause serious adverse reactions, bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ), which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. At present, the treatment of BRONJ is still difficult to reach an agreement, and there is no effective treatment. Therefore, it is very important to find effective treatments. Many studies have shown that the occurrence of BRONJ may be due to unbalanced bone turnover, anti-angiogenesis, bacterial infection, direct tissue toxicity, and abnormal immune function. The previous research results show that tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs), a new type of nanomaterial, can promote various biological activities of cells, such as cell proliferation, migration, anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation, and angiogenesis. Therefore, we intend to explore the potential of tFNAs in the treatment of BRONJ through this study. The results show that tFNAs can promote the treatment of BRONJ by promoting angiogenesis and promoting M2 polarization in macrophages and inhibiting M1 polarization both in vitro and in vivo. These results provide a theoretical basis for the application of tFNAs in the treatment of BRONJ and also provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of other diseases based on ischemia and immune disorders.
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PMID:Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acid Promotes the Treatment of Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws by Promoting Angiogenesis and M2 Polarization. 3292 30