Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0153690 (bone metastases)
 6,382 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

After a primary operation for bronchogenic carcinoma, eight out of 253 patients (3.2%) underwent reoperation for local recurrence or intrathoracic metastasis. The histology was well or moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma in all cases. The average interval between the first and second operation was 34 months (range: six to 63 months). There were three local recurrences, two lung metastases and one mediastinal lymph node metastasis (#3a) ipsilaterally two lung metastases contralaterally. Completion pneumonectomy was underwent in one, wedge or segmental resection in five and excision of lymph node in one case after an initial ipsilateral lobectomy. Two patients underwent contralateral wedge or segmental resection after initial lobectomy. Four of eight patients died of brain, liver, or bone metastases after reoperation, the time of survival averaging 63 months. Two patients died of pneumonia, the time survival averaging 92 months. Two patients are still alive, one in 52 months and another in 20 months after reoperation.
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PMID:[Clinicopathological study on reported case for bronchogenic carcinoma]. 786 31

In order to evaluate the significance of repeat transurethral resection (TUR) in differentiating stage A1 prostatic adenocarcinoma from those with stage A2, we performed repeat TUR in 34 patients with an initial diagnosis of stage A1 prostatic adenocarcinoma. It was found that residual adenocarcinoma was present in five cases (14.7%), but the diagnosis was changed from stage A1 to stage A2 in only one case (2.9%). In one patient with final diagnosis of stage A1 carcinoma, bone metastases were detected seven months after the repeat TUR. It was concluded that repeat TUR for stage A1 prostatic adenocarcinoma did not yield clinically significant information.
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PMID:[The role of repeat transurethral resection in stage A1 carcinoma of the prostate]. 793 53

Seventy-seven cases of prostate cancer were treated for 5 years at our department and all cases were followed by bone scintigraphy and tumor markers. Of these cases on case of flare response on bone scintigraphy was recognized. A 51-year-old man was hospitalized with chief complaint of lumbago. Serum PAP and gamma-Sm levels were 320 ng/ml and 15 ng/ml, respectively. Prostate biopsy revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Bone scintigraphy and CT scan demonstrated multiple bone metastases and lymph nodes involvements. Treatment was started with diethylstilbestrol diphosphate (DES). At one month after the initiation of treatment tumor markers fell down to the normal level and lumbago was diminished, but only serum alkaline phosphatase was elevated and bone scintigraphy showed apparent progression of individual lesions (flare response). The treatment was not altered. At the times after 2, 8, 12 and 36 months successful treatment the bone imaging improved with reduced tracer uptake and no new lesions. The flare response is a healing reaction and is followed apparent improvement. In general, serial bone scintigrams accurately depict the activity of bone metastases in the patients of prostate cancer, but between 1 and 3 months after starting treatment the paradoxical "flare phenomenon" should be taken care.
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PMID:[Flare response on bone scintigraphy in metastatic prostate cancer]. 802 46

Nineteen patients with metastatic prostate cancer were treated with orchiectomy plus six cycles of epirubicin in a dose of 90 mg/m2, intravenously, every 28 days. Median age was 63 years (range, 52-74 years). Sixteen patients had only bone metastases and 3 had soft tissue lesions plus bone metastases. Fifty-six percent had poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Response in patients with bone metastases was assessed by National Prostatic Cancer Project criteria. Of 19 patients, 9 (47%) achieved a complete and 7 (37%) a partial remission. The median duration of response was 20 months and the median survival time of all patients was 24 months (range, 3-100+ months). Toxicity was moderate and consisted of alopecia and mild nausea/vomiting. There was no significant hematological toxicity. It is concluded that the combined modality treatment with orchiectomy plus a cytotoxic drug, i.e., epirubicin, is feasible and does not appear antagonistic. Randomized studies should be initiated to prove or disprove a potential survival benefit of the combined modality as a first-line treatment.
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PMID:Phase II study of orchiectomy combined with epirubicin as first-line treatment in advanced prostate carcinoma. 803 59

Prostatic adenocarcinoma is still often detected at an advanced stage, despite efforts for earlier diagnosis. Treatment depends especially on the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis, on potential development which varies among types of tumours, on the presence of symptoms related to local-regional or general dissemination, and on age, which may be advanced in these patients. In stage C cancers with limited extraprostatic dissemination, the use of radical prostatectomy is debated. It may be indicated in some selected young patients in association with hormonal treatment. In other cases, androgen control alone (early, or only after appearance of symptoms) or pelvic radiation therapy can be used. In the presence of metastases, hormonal control is the best means of slowing disease progression. It is always indicated when the disease is symptomatic. The various means of hormonal treatment (surgical castration, LH-RH agonists, anti-androgens) should be considered with regard to the status of the patient, the manifestations of cancer and potential side effects of treatment. Surgery and/or radiation therapy is indicated for symptomatic relief in treatment of local dissemination (extension to the urinary tract, etc.) or bone metastases. In case of hormonal treatment failure, no other treatment is really effective, and survival is short. Symptomatic treatments are then used to increase quality of life.
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PMID:[Management of advanced prostate cancer]. 806 96

Risedronate (NE-58095) is a third-generation bisphosphonate with very potent antiresorptive activity but few toxic effects. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of risedronate treatment on bone metastases produced in a rat breast cancer model. Berlin Druckrey IV rats inoculated with ENU1564 mammary adenocarcinoma cells were treated daily with risedronate or a saline placebo. Survival times, dictated by extraskeletal metastases (lung, heart, and brain), were not affected by risedronate treatment. Risedronate-treated animals had skeletal changes associated with decreased remodeling of bones undergoing endochondral ossification, most prominently affecting the appendicular skeleton. Despite the skeletal alterations induced by the treatment, the distribution of bone metastases throughout the surveyed skeletal sites was similar for treated and untreated animals. Bone metastases were enumerated in histologic sections of distal femur, spine, and skull. Tumor size was estimated from area measurements obtained from histologic lesions in distal femoral metaphyses and vertebral bodies. A greater number of treated rats had no bone metastases in any of the examined sections (30 versus 16.1% of untreated rats). Multiple bone metastases were observed less frequently in treated rats (33.3 versus 71% of untreated rats). Treated rats had fewer observed bone metastases in each examined site than untreated rats (p < or = 0.025). Mean tumor areas in femora and vertebrae were smaller in treated rats (p < or = 0.05), due to the less frequent presence of very large lesions. In untreated animals, osteoclasts appeared to be active at the tumor/bone interface and osseous structures were often completely replaced by expanding tumors. In contrast, metastases in treated animals caused less disruption of skeletal histoarchitecture. The apparent lack of osteoclastic activity and retention of bone within lesions suggested a decreased contribution of osteoclasts to the bone resorptive process. An in vivo immunohistochemical cell proliferation assay failed to reveal differences in the percentage of dividing tumor cells in bone metastatic sites in treated versus untreated animals. The results demonstrate significant effects of risedronate treatment on the incidence and size of observed skeletal metastases in this model.
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PMID:Effect of the bisphosphonate risedronate on bone metastases in a rat mammary adenocarcinoma model system. 814 Sep 35

Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is a major factor in the pathophysiology of hypercalcaemia of malignancy. Recent evidence suggests that PTHrP may play an important role in the growth and differentiation of neoplastic as well as non-neoplastic cells. PTHrP was originally detected in normal fetal, but not adult, liver. We have used immunocytochemistry to show that reactive human bile ductules expressing a neuroendocrine phenotype contain immunoreactive PTHrP. These observations raised the possibility that PTHrP immunoreactivity may be useful in the differential diagnosis of primary liver tumours and metastases of adenocarcinoma. A total of 24 primary liver tumours and 22 metastases of adenocarcinoma were studied. All cholangiocarcinomas showed immunopositivity for PTHrP and chromogranin A, while all hepatocellular carcinomas were negative for PTHrP and showed only focal and weak positivity for chromogranin A. Mixed types of primary liver tumour contained PTHrP immunoreactivity only in the areas of cholangiocellular differentiation. Moreover, all metastatic adenocarcinomas were negative for PTHrP and chromogranin A except for two out of five metastatic breast adenocarcinomas. These two patients had bone metastases and hypercalcaemia and thus did not yield differential diagnostic problems with cholangiocarcinoma. None of the patients with cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma had hypercalcaemia. We conclude that PTHrP is a useful marker for primary cholangiocarcinoma, especially in the differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Parathyroid hormone-related peptide expression in primary and metastatic liver tumours. 831 35

Lung cancer belongs to the group of malignant lesions that specifically select bone as secondary implantation site. The molecular bases for this property, defined as osteotropism, is still largely unknown. The recent demonstration that human breast cancer cells express and attach to bone sialoprotein (BSP), a sulfated phosphoprotein rich in bone and other mineralized tissues, could provide a clue to elucidating bone metastases formation. BSP contains the integrin binding peptide Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), as well as non-RGD cell attachment domain. Using an immunoperoxidase technique and a specific polyclonal antibody directed against a BSP synthetic peptide, we examined the expression of BSP in 48 lung lesions including 25 squamous carcinoma, 21 adenocarcinoma, and 2 bronchioloalveolar cancers, as well as 38 human ovarian carcinoma that constitute a group of generally nonosteotropic cancers. BSP was not specifically detected in normal lung tissue with the exception of cartilage associated with bronchi. Most of the adenocarcinoma (74%) and all squamous carcinoma of the lung examined exhibited detectable levels of BSP. Staining was mainly cytoplasmic and membrane associated. The two bronchioloalveolar lung cancers examined did not show detectable amounts of BSP. When microcalcifications were observed in pulmonary malignant lesions, they were usually associated with cancer cells expressing BSP. Only 21% of the ovarian cancers examined contained malignant cells with 2+ or 3+ positivity for BSP. We further demonstrated that in 8 of 10 additional lung cancers, BSP was detected at the mRNA level. Our observation is the first demonstration that BSP is expressed in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Lung cancer cells are now the second type of osteotropic malignant cells described to express BSP. Added to the observation that BSP expression is not frequent in ovarian carcinoma, a low osteotropic cancer, our study supports our hypothesis that BSP could play a role in determining the affinity of cancer cells to bone.
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PMID:Expression of bone sialoprotein in human lung cancer. 926 7

Urachal adenocarcinoma is an uncommon clinicopathologic entity associated with a dismal prognosis. We report a case of peritoneal carcinomatosis from urachal adenocarcinoma (signet cell type) treated with cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy (IPHC). Prior to treatment, disease had progressed with systemic chemotherapy. The patient remained free of symptomatic peritoneal disease or local recurrence but eventually died 23 months after IPHC and 31 months after diagnosis due to widespread bone metastases.
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PMID:Peritoneal carcinomatosis with urachal signet-cell adenocarcinoma. 930 16

We report the case of a 53-year-old man suffering from a pulmonary adenocarcinoma with ossification and diffuse metastatic osteoplastic lesions throughout the skeletal system. This is a rare condition in lung carcinomas. Radiographs of the chest and bones demonstrated mineral densities in the primary tumor and multiple expansive osseous lesions with a diffuse sclerotic pattern resembling multiple bone metastases from prostatic carcinoma.
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PMID:A case of pulmonary ossified adenocarcinoma with marked osteoplastic bone metastasis. 944 52


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