Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0153470 (Spleen)
 4,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

BALB/cJ X C57BL/10Sn F1 (hereafter called B10F1) hybrids resist challenge with the BALB/c plasmacytoma, MPC-11, by a radiation-sensitive, silica-insensitive mechanism, whereas BALB/cJ X BALB.B F1 (hereafter called BALB.BF1) hybrids are as susceptible to MPC-11 as are homozygous BALB/c mice themselves. To investigate the mechanism of resistance, we have compared anti-MPC-11 immune responses by these F1 hybrids both before and at various times after tumor challenge. Resistance is not determined by natural killer cell reactivity inasmuch as neither hybrid harbors splenic natural killer cells with lytic activity directed against MPC-11. Nor is it determined by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity since neither hybrid produces an appropriate anti-MPC-11 antibody. Spleen cells and lymph node cells from both hybrids are capable of generating high levels of anti-MPC-11 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity in both primary and secondary mixed-lymphocyte tumor cell cultures. Such cytotoxic T-lymphocytes protect susceptible hybrids from tumor growth in Winn assays. The susceptible but not the resistant hybrids lose the ability to generate high levels of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes activity in spleen mixed lymphocyte tumor cell cultures by 28 days, and in lymph node mixed-lymphocyte tumor cell cultures by 14 days postchallenge. The reduction in spleen cell reactivity is due to suppression mainly by adherent cells and can be abrogated by pretreatment of the susceptible hybrids with a low dose of Cytoxan 2 days before challenge. This pretreatment does not, however, protect the mice. They develop tumor at the same rate and die at the same time as do controls. Both the late appearance of suppression and the lack of effect on survival of its ablation suggest it to be a concomitant of tumor growth rather than its cause. Resistance to tumor growth in this model system may reflect an enhanced ability of the resistant hybrid to deliver effector cells to the site of tumor implantation.
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PMID:Hybrid resistance to BALB/c plasmacytomas: F1 hybrid anti-MPC-11 immunological responses correlated with resistance to tumor challenge. 348 80

BF and BLB genes of chicken major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are responsible for classical antigen processing and presentation; therefore they play a central role in determining the genetic resistance or susceptibility of different MHC-B haplotypes to some infectious diseases. In this study, we developed specific TaqMan probed real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (TaqMan qRT-PCR) methods based on the diagnostic nucleotide polymorphisms present in duplicated BF or BLB genes in B2 and B19 haplotypes. The results showed very similar amplification efficiency but no cross-reaction between the duplicated BF or BLB genes of the same haplotype. Spleen mRNA samples of B2 and B19 chickens were used to validate these TaqMan qRT-PCR methods. We observed that BF2 or BLB2 gene was dominantly transcribed in all B2 and B19 chickens. Our findings verified the impact of diversified promoter sequences on the function of duplicated BF or BLB genes. Hence the principles adopted to establish these specific TaqMan qRT-PCR methods in this study can be applied to differentiate the transcripts of duplicated BF or BLB genes of other MHC-B haplotypes in chicken.
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PMID:Specific TaqMan probed real-time quantitative RT-PCR methods and their application to differentiate the transcripts of duplicated BF or BLB genes in chicken MHC. 2232 97