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Query: UMLS:C0153470 (Spleen)
 4,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) or a combination of DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethane), DDD (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethane) and DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2,-bis (p-chlorophenyl ethylene) on organ weights, liver storage of vitamin A and carotene, selected blood chemistry parameters, and serum protein fractions were determined in penned white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) receiving a daily dosage of these compounds. Birds received 100 mg of PCBs or a combination of DDT (20 mg), DDD (15 mg), and DDE (15 mg) injected into the first fish fed each day for ten weeks. A greater percentage of PCB treatment was retained in brain, liver, carcass and feathers than the percentage of DDT + DDD + DDE treatment. Liver weight as percent of body weight decreased (p less than 0.01) in DDT + DDD + DDE-treated birds and increased (p less than 0.01) as a total weight in PCB-treated birds. Spleen weight as percent of body weight was greater (p less than 0.05) in PCB-treated birds. Neither treatment had a significant effect on the weight of the brain, heart, or kidney. Liver vitamin A levels were greater (p less than 0.01) on a mug/g of liver basis in the DDT-treated birds than in controls. Significant lowering of serum potassium and protein values was noted in both the PCB- and the combination of DDT, DDD, DDE-treated birds, while serum calcium values were lowered (p less than 0.01) only in PCB-treated birds. Vaues of serum inorganic phosphorus, uric acid and magnesium were not significantly changed by either treatment. Globulin fractions were unaltered by either treatment, but albumin fractions were lowered (p less than 0.01) in the PCB-treated pelicans.
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PMID:Physiological effects of polychlorinated biphenyls or a combination of DDT, DDD, and DDE in penned white pelicans. 81 Nov 79

This study was designed to ascertain the effects of low level exposure of triethyl lead (3EL) to the male weanling rat. Groups of 20 animals were administered by gavage 3EL at 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.50, and 1.00 mg/kg body wt for 91 days, 5 days/week. Lead acetate (PbHOAC) at 200 mg/kg body wt/day was given as a positive control. Weight gain was reduced in those animals receiving 1.0 3EL. Spleen and kidney weights were elevated in the PbHOAC group. Residues of 3EL and its metabolites diethyl lead (2EL) and lead (Pb) accumulated in a dose-dependent manner in blood, liver, kidney, and brain; 3EL accumulated preferentially in the liver while inorganic lead accumulated in the kidney. Dose-dependent changes occurred in serum calcium which was decreased and in phosphorus which was elevated for all dose groups. Serum cholesterol was elevated in the three highest 3EL groups as was alkaline phosphatase. LDH was lowered in the PbHOAC-treated group but microsomal aniline hydroxylase was elevated. Hematological changes consisted of elevated platelet counts in the 1.0 3EL group and decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin content and mean corpuscular volume in the PbHOAC-treated group. Treatment related histopathological changes were seen in thyroid, liver, kidney, and bone marrow. Based on these data a no observed adverse effect level for 3EL was set at 0.10 mg/kg/body wt.
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PMID:Subchronic oral toxicity of triethyl lead in the male weanling rat. Clinical, biochemical, hematological, and histopathological effects. 225 21

The role of oyster shell as calcium supplement in the utilization of gossypol-containing cottonseed cake (CSC) was assessed using Hypeco broiler chickens. The results showed that of the organ measured, only the relative weight of the spleen was significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased by oyster shell supplementation in the CSC diets. Spleen weight correlated negatively (r = -0.45) with dietary calcium. Alkaline phosphatase activity in the liver was significantly (P less than 0.05) increased due to the levels of oyster shell supplemented while the activities of serum and liver alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were not significantly influenced. The results also showed that although oyster shell supplementation generally increased alkaline phosphatase activity, bone mineralization was relatively uninfluenced as judged by the low coefficients of variation (CV) of 3.14-3.51% and 3.39-4.82% for calcium and phosphorus content in the femur and tibia respectively.
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PMID:Use of oyster shell as calcium supplement. Part 2. An assessment of the responses of hepatic and serum enzymes, relative organ weights, and bone mineralization in the broiler chicken fed gossypol-containing cottonseed cake supplemented with oyster shell. 238 85

Blood samples from turkey poults from flocks showing clinical signs of haemorrhagic enteritis (HE) were analysed biochemically. The samples were then divided into two groups according to serum total proteins (TP). One group consisted of birds with serum TP below 20 g/1 and was therefore considered to comprise the affected birds. There were significantly lower levels of albumin (ALB) and total lipids (TL) in the affected birds. Similarly levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) were also lower in the sick birds. There were no significant changes in the levels of acid phosphatase (AcP), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), of calcium ions (Ca) and inorganic phosphorus (Pi). In birds experimentally infected with HE virus, changes in the biochemical variables in the serum were similar to those obtained from the field cases. Spleen and duodenum of these birds were also analysed and significant changes were seen in the lower level of ALP in the spleen and in LDH levels in the spleen and duodenum of the infected birds.
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PMID:Biochemical changes in the blood, spleen and duodenum of turkeys experimentally and naturally exposed to haemorrhagic enteritis virus. 1876 12