Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0153470 (Spleen)
 4,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spleen cells from LAF1 mice primed with photo-oxidized antigen B exhibit helper T-cell activity when assayed in an adoptive transfer system with spleen cells from mice primed with timothy pollen extract and treated with anti-thy 1.2 serum and complement. These helper cells, when placed in culture with antigen B, secrete a soluble antigen B-specific helper factor (THF) that requires the presence of normal spleen cells or cells that do not adhere to nylon wool in order to exhibit T cell-replacing activity. The THF has been partially purified over an immobilized antigen adsorbent. The eluted THF exhibits a mol. wt of 65,000 by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and contains 5% carbohydrate by weight. The THF is I-Ak-positive and Ig-negative.
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PMID:Antigen B-specific helper factor from timothy grass pollen: isolation and partial characterization. 679 10

Monoclonal antibodies exhibiting various specificities for B6 vitamer forms have been prepared. The antigen preparation employed was a partially purified mixture of human placental proteins that had been derivatized by reaction with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and sodium borohydride. Spleen cells obtained from mice immunized with the phosphopyridoxyl protein preparation were fused with the mouse myeloma cell line designated X63-Ag8.653. The resulting hybridomas were screened for production of antibodies to the haptenic phosphopyridoxyl group using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clones producing such antibodies were isolated by limiting dilution methods. The monoclonal antibodies obtained in this fashion have been characterized with respect to their ability to interact with various forms of vitamin B6. In addition, these antibodies have been shown to be useful in the detection of cellular pyridoxal phosphate binding components using immunoblot techniques. Monoclonal antibodies to vitamin B6 derivatives are potentially powerful tools in the assessment of vitamin B6 nutritional status and in the study of the roles of pyridoxal phosphate binding components in relation to growth, differentiation, carcinogenesis, and steroid hormone action.
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PMID:Preparation, characterization, and use of monoclonal antibodies to vitamin B6. 682 78

Spleen cells cultured release proteins into the culture medium, some of which shows both binding activity to single stranded DNA (ss-DNA) and inhibitory activity to 3H-thymidine incorporation into cells. The inhibitory protein of DNA synthesis was purified to near homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation, ss-DNA-cellulose affinity chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography. The molecular weight of the major band of this protein, as estimated by sodium dodecyl-sulfate gel electrophoresis, was approximately 14,000. The effect of the protein was compared with various cell lines and primary cell culture, and it was found that the protein strongly inhibited DNA synthesis of HeLa, L, and HEp2 cells, but only inhibited to a minor extent synthesis of Ehrlich cells and primary culture of mouse embryo.
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PMID:Selective inhibition of DNA synthesis by a protein released from spleen cells. 689 36

Spleen cells obtained from mice immunized with partially purified human coagulation Factor V were fused with NS-1 mouse myeloma cells, and hybrids were selected. Culture media were screened for anti-Factor V activity, and an antibody-positive clone was obtained and passaged as an ascites tumor in mice. The ascitic fluid from the hybridoma-bearing mouse could be diluted 1:10(6) before losing reactivity in an anti-Factor V radioimmunoassay. When immobilized on agarose, the monoclonal antibody quantitatively removed Factor V activity from human plasma. Factor V activity could be eluted with 1.2 M NaCl at pH 6.5. Homogeneous Factor V was isolated by chromatography of barium citrate-adsorbed, polyethylene glycol 6000 precipitated plasma on the antibody column followed by chromatography on phenyl-Sepharose. The isolated Factor V exhibited a single band upon gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate with an apparent Mr comparable to that of bovine Factor V (330,000). Upon exposure to thrombin, the activity of Factor V increased 53-fold when measured in Factor V-deficient plasma. This increased activity was associated with discrete proteolytic cleavages of the parent molecule.
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PMID:Isolation of functional human coagulation factor V by using a hybridoma antibody. 694 Dec 42

Spleen cells from a mouse immunized with human melanoma cells were fused with mouse myeloma cells, and somatic cell hybrids were grown in selective medium. Eight hybrids, which secreted antibodies to protein antigens of the melanoma cell line, were identified by immunoprecipitation of a 125I-labeled melanoma cell lysate followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis of the immunoprecipitates and autoradiography. Seven of the eight melanoma proteins identified in this way were present at the cell surface. Two of the cell surface proteins, p80 and p97, were not detected in autologous fibroblasts.
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PMID:Protein antigens of normal and malignant human cells identified by immunoprecipitation with monoclonal antibodies. 737 18

In order to investigate the relationship between spleen and muscle, the changes of trace elements, enzyme activity, adenine nucleotides and energy charge (EC) in the skeletal muscle of rats with Syndrome of Spleen Qi Deficiency (SQD) were studied, the curative effects of Sijunzi Tang (SJZT) for SQD were observed too. Results showed that in comparing with normal rats, the levels of ATP and EC lowered significantly (ATP P < 0.01, EC P < 0.001), the enzyme activity of the anaerobic glycolysis increased significantly (P < 0.05), the zinc and iron concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) while the copper, potassium and sodium concentrations were lower than normal significantly (P < 0.05). These changes could be corrected after treatment with SJZT for strengthening spleen and tonifying qi. Above-mentioned results suggested that the mechanism of spleen qi deficiency is closely related to the abnormal energy metabolism, and the TCM theory of spleen dominating muscles might have its scientific basis.
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PMID:[Changes in some elements, enzymes and energy charge in skeletal muscle of rats with spleen qi deficiency]. 813 49

The effect of RRR-alpha-tocopheryl succinate (VES) on lectin-induced chicken T cell proliferation was investigated. The T cell mitogens concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin induce chicken thymic and splenic T cell proliferation. Addition of VES to the in vitro cultures inhibited T cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Addition of VES to spleen cell cultures at different times after mitogen stimulation also suppressed T cell mitogenesis, suggesting that VES is not mediating its antiproliferative effects by interfering with ligand (mitogen)-receptor binding or early ligand-bound receptor-signaling events. Three lines of evidence suggest that the growth-inhibitory properties of VES are unique and may not involve antioxidant properties. 1) Three other forms of vitamin E, dl-alpha-tocopherol, d-alpha-tocopherol, and d-alpha-tocopherol acetate, do not inhibit the proliferation of mitogen-stimulated chicken spleen cells. 2) Spleen cells were treated with an inhibitor of nonspecific esterases to prevent the conversion of VES, which does not exhibit antioxidant properties to d-alpha-tocopherol, a lipid-soluble antioxidant. Treatment of spleen cells with the inhibitor did not affect VES's growth-inhibitory properties. 3) Trolox, a water-soluble vitamin E analogue with potent antioxidant properties and two lipid-soluble antioxidants, butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene, did not inhibit mitogen-induced T cell proliferation. Attempts to reverse VES's antiproliferative effects by addition of exogenous interleukin-2 or addition of sodium selenite, an enhancer of interleukin-2 receptors, failed. Acetylsalicylic acid had no effect on VES's inhibition of mitogen-activated T cell proliferation. These studies support the role of VES as a growth inhibitor of lectin-activated normal T cells in chickens.
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PMID:RRR-alpha-tocopheryl succinate inhibition of lectin-induced T cell proliferation. 834 73

Two long-term cultured cell lines were established from BALB/c mouse axillary and cervical lymph nodes that exhibited a combination of functional, morphological, and phenotypic characteristics consistent only with high endothelial venule cells. Spleen lymphocytes selectively bound and migrated across the cell lines. On Matrigel, these cell lines formed tubules with lumens, a characteristic unique to endothelial cells. Morphologically the cells were 20-30 microns in diameter and exhibited contact inhibition. The cells were not myeloid in origin because they lacked sodium fluoride-inhibitable nonspecific esterase activity, myeloperoxidase activity, and F4/80 antigen. The cell line phenotypes were compared to high endothelial venule (HEV) cells in tissue sections. HEV cells in lymph node tissue sections expressed endoglin, PECAM-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, laminin, fibronectin, collagen IV, H2Kd, MECA 79, MECA 325, and vWF. The cell lines expressed endoglin, VCAM-1, fibronectin, and H2Kd. The cell line derived from cervical lymph nodes also expressed laminin and H2Dd. Neither cell line expressed collagen IV, IAd, ICAM-1, ICAM-2, dendritic cell antigen, or PECAM-1. They also did not express MECA antigens or intracellular vWF, consistent with reports of many cultured endothelial cells. To further substantiate cell ine identification, antiserum generated against the cell lines bound specifically to HEV cells in frozen lymph node tissue sections and to both of the lymph node-derived cell lines but not control cell lines. Thus, the lymph node derived-cell lines expressed molecules found on HEV cells in vivo and most importantly retained the functions of tubule formation, lymphocyte adhesion, and promotion of lymphocyte migration.
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PMID:Isolation and characterization of high endothelial cell lines derived from mouse lymph nodes. 892 39

Nitric oxide (NO) as well as its donors has been shown to generate mutation and DNA damage in in vitro assays. The objective of this study was to identify that DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) could be elicited by NO, not only in vitro but also in vivo. The alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) was performed to examine the DNA damage in g12 cells and the cells isolated from the organs of mice exposed to sodium nitroprusside (SNP). A modified method, in which neither collagenase nor trypsin was necessary, was used to prepare the single-cell suspension isolated from organs of mice. Results showed that the exposure of g12 cells to 0.13-0.5 micromol/ml SNP with S9 for 1 h induced a concentration-dependent increase in DNA SSBs in g12 cells. The significant increase in DNA migration and comet frequency has appeared in the cells isolated from the spleen, thymus, and peritoneal macrophages of mice after injecting i.p. SNP in the dosage range of 0.67-6.0 mg/kg b.wt for 1 h. However, no obvious increase in DNA strand breaks was observed in the cells isolated from the liver, kidney, lung, brain and heart obtained from the same treated mice. These results suggested that DNA SSBs could be induced by NO in some cells both in vivo and in vitro. There were organ differences in sensitivity in the mice exposed to NO. Spleen, thymus, and macrophages might be the important targets of NO.
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PMID:Study on DNA strand breaks induced by sodium nitroprusside, a nitric oxide donor, in vivo and in vitro. 1072 6

Spleen cells from saline- and Porphyromonas gingivalis-primed mice were cultured and stimulated with or without P. gingivalis and added with or without various concentration of sodium fluoride (NaF). Cell proliferation, antigen-specific IgG antibodies and both IFN-gamma and IL-10 levels were determined by a colorimetric assay, ELISA and commercial ELISA kits respectively. The results showed that NaF at concentration of 1 x 10(-6) M enhanced but at concentration of 1 x 10(-1) M abolished the immune response to P. gingivalis, suggesting that NaF at low concentration may act as an adjuvant but at high concentration may be toxic to the P. gingivalis-induced murine splenic immune response in vitro.
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PMID:Effect of sodium fluoride on the murine splenic immune response to Porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro. 1267 4


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