Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: UMLS:C0153470 (
Spleen
)
4,015
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Amphotericin B
(
AmB
) treatment before infection with the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes prolonged survival of AKR mice but shortened survival of C57BL/6 mice compared with survival of untreated infected controls. C57BL/6 mice were also more sensitive to the acute toxic effects of
AmB
than AKR mice, as were (C57BL/6 X AKR)F1 hybrid mice.
Spleen
cells and erythrocytes (RBCs) from the C57BL/6 and the F1 hybrid mice were both more sensitive to the lytic and lethal effects of
AmB
than corresponding cells from AKR mice. Biochemical analysis indicated that catalase levels in RBCs from C57BL/6 and F1 hybrid mice were about 60% of those found in RBCs from AKR mice. The lysis by
AmB
of RBCs from all these strains of mice was inhibited by catalase or incubation in a low-oxygen environment. These findings suggest that (i) the low catalase levels in C57BL/6 and F1 hybrid mice may limit the protection of cells from the oxidant damage involved in
AmB
action, and (ii) the toxicity which occurs at low concentrations of
AmB
in the mouse strains with low intracellular catalase levels may interfere with or ablate the
AmB
-induced increases in mouse resistance to L. monocytogenes infection.
...
PMID:Toxicity and induction of resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection by amphotericin B in inbred strains of mice. 377 Sep 45
Candida glabrata is the second leading cause of adult candidemia, resulting in high mortality.
Amphotericin B
is considered the treatment of choice, while the efficacy of fluconazole is controversial and caspofungin efficacy is unknown. To ascertain drug efficacy in vivo, the utility of a murine model of C. glabrata infection was investigated. C. glabrata was found to cause progressive, lethal infection when injected intravenously into C57BL/6 mice with reduced oxidative microbicidal capacity due to knockout of the p47(phox) gene.
Spleen
and kidney organ CFU counts were determined in groups of mice 2 days after the mice completed 6 days of daily intraperitoneal drug treatment, which began on the day of infection. Daily injections of fluconazole at 80 mg/kg did not reduce spleen or kidney CFU counts after infection with C. glabrata strains having in vitro fluconazole MICs of 2, 32, or 256 microg/ml compared to saline-treated controls. However, this fluconazole regimen reduced spleen CFU counts in mice infected with Candida albicans, an infection that is known to be responsive to fluconazole. Caspofungin at 5 mg/kg and amphotericin B at 5 mg/kg were both effective in reducing fungal burden in spleens and kidneys of C. glabrata-infected mice. Ten mice treated for 6 days with caspofungin at 1 mg/kg survived for 15 days, though all 10 saline-injected mice died or were so ill that they had to be sacrificed by 96 h postinfection. This murine model provided evidence of the efficacy of amphotericin B and caspofungin but not of fluconazole against C. glabrata infection.
...
PMID:Efficacies of fluconazole, caspofungin, and amphotericin B in Candida glabrata-infected p47phox-/- knockout mice. 1195 51
