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Query: UMLS:C0153470 (Spleen)
 4,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chickens from lines selectively bred for either a high (HH) or low (LL) antibody response to sheep erythrocytes were challenged intravenously with avian adenovirus group II (AA). Spleen size was determined 6 days later. In some experiments the responses of chickens to AA and Escherichia coli infections were compared. The level of corticosterone in the feed (15 mg/kg) which resulted in the lowest incidence of pericarditis in response to E. coli resulted in the greatest incidence of large spleens in response to AA infection. Incidence of enlarged spleens in response to AA infection was increased in fasted chickens and reduced in socialized LL-line chickens. Among ignored chickens harshly treated for 2 weeks before challenge, LL-line chickens had a higher incidence of enlarged spleens than HH-line chickens. Socialized HH-line chickens subjected to social stress 1 day before challenge had more severely affected spleens than socialized LL-line chickens. The HL cross was more severely affected by AA than the LH cross but was less severely affected by E. coli. Antibody responsiveness to sheep erythrocytes did not affect the severity of AA infection. Factors that increased the severity of AA infection seemed to result in a decreased severity of E. coli infection.
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PMID:Factors influencing the severity of Escherichia coli and avian adenovirus group II infections in chickens. 284 5

Male OF1 strain mice were allocated, after 2 weeks of individual housing, to cohabitating (6 or 16 days), fixed dyadic interaction pairs (6 or 16 daily encounters) or control groups (6 or 16 days). These different social stress situations were assessed for their effects on splenic contents of NE, IL-1 and IL-2 and serum levels of corticosterone. Spleen NE contents showed no significant variations, but serum corticosterone titers were generally higher in interacting pairs and subordinates. Splenic IL-2 did not respond in the same way to the treatments as IL-1. The differences in splenic interleukin contents could not be simply related to observed changes in serum corticosterone levels. Different mechanisms appear to regulate changes in glucocorticoids and the measured cytokines. These physiological phenomena do not simply reflect in the animal's social status (dominant or submissive). The intensity and duration of the agonistic behavior displayed as well as the interaction experience accumulated may account for the observed differences between the paradigms.
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PMID:Social stress paradigms in male mice: Variations in behavior, stress and immunology. 1139 8

Psychological stress is associated with an increased expression of markers of peripheral inflammation, and there is a growing literature describing a link between periodontal pathogens and systemic inflammation. The hypothesis of the present work is that exposing mice to the social stressor, called social disruption (SDR), would enhance the inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from the oral pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis. Mice were exposed to SDR for 2h per day on 6 consecutive days. On the morning following the last cycle of SDR, mice were tested for anxiety-like behavior in the open field test and novel object test. The mice were sacrificed the following day and their spleens harvested. Spleen cells were stimulated with LPS derived from P. gingivalis in the absence or presence of increasing doses of corticosterone. Social disruption resulted in anxiety-like behavior, and the production of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha was significantly higher in spleen cells from mice exposed to SDR in comparison to levels from non-stressed control mice. In addition, the viability of spleen cells from mice exposed to SDR was significantly greater than the viability of cells from non-stressed control mice, even in the presence of high doses of corticosterone. The use of cultures enriched for CD11b+ cells indicated that the stressor was affecting the activity of splenic myeloid cells. This study demonstrates that social stress enhances the inflammatory response to an oral pathogen and could provide a critical clue in the reported associations between stress, inflammation, and oral pathogens.
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PMID:Social stress enhances IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-stimulated CD11b+ cells. 1956 Apr 80