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Query: UMLS:C0153470 (Spleen)
 4,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Peyer's patch (PP) and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cell cultures from young adult X-linked immunodeficient (xid) CBA/N and (CBA/N X DBA/2) F1 male mice support primary anti-sheep erythrocyte (SRBC) plaque-forming cell (PFC) responses, which suggests that gut-associated lymphoreticular tissue (GALT) contains a normal B lymphocyte subpopulation. Further support for this was provided by the observation that PP cells from xid mice gave responses to both TI-1 and TI-2 antigens that were similar to the responses of PP cell cultures from normal mice. Spleen cell cultures from xid mice were unresponsive to SRBC and TI-2 antigens. Proof that GALT of xid mice contain mature B lymphocytes was provided by the demonstration of PP B cells that bear a low density of surface immunoglobulin M. When these cells were separated by flow cytometry and immunized with trinitrophenyl (TNP)-Ficoll in vitro, good anti-TNP PFC responses were observed. These results suggest that GALT of young adult xid mice contain mature B cells and may represent the origin for the mature B cell responses seen in aged xid mice.
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PMID:Evidence for a mature B cell subpopulation in Peyer's patches of young adult xid mice. 660 Apr 93

Inbred strains of mice inoculated with T. musculi behaved as either sensitive (A/J, CBA/J and C3H/He/J) or relatively resistant (BALB/c, DBA/2, and C57B1/6) with respect to the magnitude of parasitaemia but not to the length of infection. Spleen cells from T. musculi infected C57B1/6 (resistant) and C3H/HeJ (sensitive) mice inhibited the response of normal spleen cells to PHA and ConA; this suppressive activity was concentrated in T-cells and was higher in the resistant mice. However, infection in T-cell-deprived C57B1/6 and C3H/HeJ mice, although more severe and of much longer duration than in the respective control mice, revealed that T-cells were not responsible for the natural resistance to T. musculi.
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PMID:Immunosuppression during Trypanosoma musculi infection in inbred strains of mice. 660 20

As an approach to dissect complex cellular events that lead to GvHR-associated immune disorders, we followed cytotoxic activities, including NK cytotoxicity, in the spleens of unirradiated F1 hosts undergoing GvHR induced by parental spleen cells. Spleen cells of (B10 X DBA/2)F1 or (B10 X AKR/J)F1 hosts undergoing GvHR induced by parental B10 spleen cells displayed a prompt and marked increase in NK cell activity within 36 hr, and the heightened activity lasted until day 8. The activity then declined abruptly and disappeared on day 12 of GvHR. Inversely, donor B10-derived CTL specifically directed to the opposite parental alloantigens of the F1 hosts emerged in these F1 host spleens on day 8, and the CTL activity reached a peak on day 12 when the host NK cell activity disappeared. During the period that the donor-derived anti-host CTL were present, these F1 host spleen cells lost not only NK cell activity but also the ability to mount in vitro CTL responses. In contrast, the respective F1 strain mice undergoing GvHR induced by the parental DBA/2 or AKR/J spleen cells showed only transient but marked increases in NK cell activity during the initial 36 hr, and then the activity decreased gradually to return to the normal level on day 10. In such GvHR F1 host spleens, donor-derived CTL could never be detected, and the spleen cells showed normal in vitro CTL responsiveness during the entire observation period of 16 days. These results are discussed from the viewpoint of genetically defined cellular events that lead to the GvHR-associated immune disorders.
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PMID:Modulation of F1 cytotoxic potentials by GvHR. Host- and donor-derived cytotoxic lymphocytes arise in the unirradiated F1 host spleens under the condition of GvHR-associated immunosuppression. 660 89

A cell fusion assay system was devised as a means of measuring cell activation. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used to induce fusion between spleen cells of various mouse strains and the BW5147 thymoma cell line. A fusion index (FI) was calculated by determining the ratio of the number of nuclei in fused cells to the number of nuclei in all cells and multiplying by 100 (the FI could range from 0 to 100). Spleen cells from BALB/c mice were compared in PEG-induced fusion assays. BALB/c spleen cells stimulated with phytohemagglutinin, leucoagglutinin, concanavalin A, pokeweed mitogen and LPS showed FI two- to three-fold higher than those found in unstimulated cultures, indicating that stimulated cells fuse at much higher rates. This response is mitogen dose-dependent and parallels DNA synthesis as measured by 3H-TdR incorporation. Treatment of spleen cells with cycloheximide 12 h prior to fusion had no effect on FI. In vivo and in vitro stimulation of BALB/c, C57BL/6 and NZW mice with LPS resulted in enhanced FI. This was not the case in low-responder DBA/2 and nonresponder C3H/HeJ animals.
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PMID:Effect of mitogenic stimulation of murine splenocytes on PEG-induced cell fusion. 667 99

Monoclonal antibodies reactive with NIH/3T3 cell surface antigens were obtained from hybridomas of murine myeloma cells fused to spleen cells of rats immunized with NIH/3T3 cell plasma membranes. Four of the antibodies, of forty that have been studied, appeared to react with allospecific antigenic determinants: they bound to NIH/3T3 cells but not to BALB/ 3T3 cells. Each of these four antibodies immunoprecipitated a glycoprotein of about 80,000 daltons that migrated to an isoelectric point of about pH 5.0. Polypeptides of identical molecular weight and isoelectric points, and yielding the same proteolytic cleavage fragments, were present in BALB/3T3 cells, but were not antigenically reactive. The 80,000-dalton glycoprotein was a major constituent of the plasma membrane. It was a predominant lactoperoxidase iodinated component of intact NIH/3T3 cells, and saturation binding of 125I-labeled antibody indicated that there were about 10(6) antigenic sites/cell. Studies of the distribution of the immunoreactive glycoprotein among different strains of mice confirmed the polymorphic expression of the determinant: Spleen cells of BALB/c, DBA/1, DBA/2, and CBA mice did not bind anti-80,000-dalton glycoprotein monoclonal antibodies, whereas spleen cells of a large number of other strains of mice were positive for antibody-binding. The antigenic reactivity varied markedly among different cell lines and was greatest with the NIH/3T3 mouse embryo fibroblast, G8-1 Swiss Webster myoblast, and IC-21 SV40-transformed C57BL/6 mouse peritoneal macrophage. The properties of the 80,000-dalton glycoprotein characterized this molecule as a new cell surface differentiation alloantigen of murine mesenchymal cells.
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PMID:Murine cell surface glycoproteins. Characterization of a major component of 80,000 daltons as a polymorphic differentiation antigen of mesenchymal cells. 678 57

Brucella abortus strain 544 was inoculated at three doses into outbred female Swiss mice CD-1 and OF1, and inbred strains CBA and DBA/2. Brucella were enumerated in the mice spleens which were first weighed, at 2, 7, 14, 21, 35 and 49 days post-challenge. A phase of multiplication occurred, reaching a maximum between 7 and 21 days according to the mice, but independently of challenge doses. A decreasing phase followed that was still going on in CD-1 and OF1 mice at 49 days, but ended by a plateau or recurrence in CBA and DBA/2. Spleen weights increased from the beginning to a maximum then decreased. This maximum was reached either before (DBA/2), after (CBA) or at the infection acme (CD-1, OF1). Hence, immune mechanisms may be turned on according to several sequences, but feed-back regulation would work similarly in different breeds.
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PMID:[Development of a splenic infection in mice of 4 strains, inoculated by the venous route, with 3 doses of Brucella abortus]. 681 35

DTH reactions to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) and purified protein derivative (PPD) antigens were produced in the pleural cavity in mice. The profiles of the DTH reactions with respect to time course and cellular exudate reactions differed greatly according to the strains of mice. In particular, HY mice that were established in our laboratory displayed prolonged DTH reactions, characterized by macrophage followed by lymphocyte reactions. HY X C3H F1 mice showed a similar tendency. On the other hand, strains such as C3H, BALB/c, DBA/2 and B6 mice showed short-lived and macrophage-predominant DTH reactions. BALB/c nu/nu mice showed no DTH reactions. Characteristic features of the prolonged DTH reactions in HY mice were transferred with sensitized T cells. However, DTH reactions in HY mice treated with cyclophosphamide (CY) terminated in a short period, and mainly consisted of macrophages and polymorphs, although they were greatly enhanced. Such profiles of the reactions could also be transferred with sensitized T cells from CY-treated and SRBC-sensitized mice. Spleen cells taken from CY-treated and SRBC-sensitized HY mice, when injected intravenously into SRBC-sensitized HY mice just prior to challenge, could not interrupt prolonged DTH reactions. These results thus indicated various phenotypes of the DTH reactions in terms of time course and exudate cellular component involved might be carried by the specific effector T cells in each phenotype of the DTH reactions and could be induced using strains of mice and CY.
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PMID:Studies on delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions in the pleural cavity in mice: prolonged DTH reaction and its interruption by cyclophosphamide treatment. 686 25

The influence of a vitamin C regimen, 250 mg% in the drinking water, on natural killer (NK) cell activity was investigated in three highly inbred strains of mice. Spleen effector cells from these donors, both tap water control and experimental after 4-5 weeks, were tested against YAC-1 murine lymphoma target cells in a 4-hour 51Cr release assay. Ascorbate treatment was observed to be without effect on NK activity in the autoimmune- and lymphoma-prone NZB strain as well as in the normal and low cancer-incidence BALB/c and DBA/2. The relative levels of hemopoietic stem cells, purported to be decisive in determining NK levels, were of a similar order in these three strains as their relative NK activities. It appears that the established association of vitamin C with modulation of the immune response, as observed in activation of T cell-mediated immunity and the enhancement of interferon production, would not include alterations in natural cytotoxic reactivity.
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PMID:Vitamin C and immunity: natural killer (NK) cell factor. 688 75

Spleen cells from DBA/2J mice bearing the syngeneic tumor mastocytoma P815, incubated with co-stimulator (Interleukin 2) and P815 in vitro, were effective in killing P815 cells in vivo. Within 24 hr of injection, 1 X 10(7) cytotoxic lymphocytes (CL) killed most of 1 X 10(6) P815 cells. The host response to the tumor 7 to 9 days after the initial tumor injection was also greatly enhanced in mice that had received CL. This effect was potentiated in sublethally irradiated mice. CL were effective in mice with large tumors, overcoming suppressive factors that might be present. Under certain conditions, a significant fraction of CL-treated mice survived the P815 tumor indefinitely. These included i.p. CL given 2 days after a large dose (1 X 10(6)) of i.p. P815. In addition, some mice given i.v. and intra-tumor CL survived small doses (1 X 10(4)) of subcutaneous P815 cells. Long-term surviving mice remained resistant to challenge with 1 X 10(6) tumor cells (which is 10(4) times the normally lethal dose) for at lest 1 yr. No detrimental effects were noted even after injection of 5 X 10(7) CL per mouse.
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PMID:Generation of cytotoxic lymphocytes to syngeneic tumors by using co-stimulator (Interleukin 2): in vivo activity. 696 66

Graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) and failure of donor stem cells to engraft permanently are two major obstacles to successful bone marrow transplantation. We evaluated the effect of a single large dose of anti-lymphocyte serum (ALS) on mice receiving various numbers of H-2 incompatible bone marrow cells. Most animals receiving lethal total body irradiation (TBI) and allogeneic marrow died within 45 days due to GVHD, A/J (H-2a), CBA/J (H-2k), and DBA/1J (H-2q) mice that were given ALS 6 to 24 hr before TBI and C57BL/6 (B6, H-2b) bone marrow 24 hr after irradiation survived in good health for more than 200 days. This result compared quite favorably with mice that received anti-Thy 1.2 and C-treated B6 bone marrow (90% survival at 100 days, 50% survival at 200 days). Engraftment of the allogeneic marrow was dose dependent. At 100 days after TBI, about 30% of the A/J mice given 2 x 10(6) bone marrow cells were complete chimeras, i.e., donor H-2 antigens could be detected on greater than 85% of the peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes of these mice. However, at a dose of 1 x 10(7) B6 bone marrow cells, 95% of the A/J mice were complete chimeras. Spleen and bone marrow from B6 leads to A/J chimeras and B6 leads to CBA chimeras were unable to induce lethal GVHD in TBI-treated mice that were syngeneic to the recipient. However, these cell preparations caused lethal GVHD in third party mice indicating that the lack of alloreactivity was specific to the strain in which the unresponsiveness was originally induced.
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PMID:Long-term survival of murine allogeneic bone marrow chimeras: effect of anti-lymphocyte serum and bone marrow dose. 745 85


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