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Query: UMLS:C0153470 (Spleen)
 4,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Liver and spleen volumes were determined using computed tomography in 57 subjects with alcoholic liver disease and 76 subjects with nonalcoholic liver disease, in order to clarify the clinical characteristics and pathogenetic mechanisms of portal hypertension in alcoholic liver disease. The liver volumes in alcoholic liver disease were significantly larger than those in nonalcoholic liver disease, except in cases of decompensated liver cirrhosis. The increase in liver volume in alcoholic liver disease showed a significant correlation with the degree of hepatocytic ballooning. Overlapping of values for liver volume between alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver disease was quite small, suggesting that determination of liver volumes could be helpful for making etiological diagnoses in chronic liver disease. Spleen volumes were increased in the advanced cases of both alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver disease. The correlations between liver and spleen volumes were quite different between alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver disease. In nonalcoholic liver disease, a negative correlation was obtained, while, on the other hand, it was significantly positive in alcoholic liver disease. This appears to suggest that the pathogenetic mechanism of portal hypertension may differ between the diseases. After abstinence from alcohol, the decrease in liver and spleen volumes showed a statistically significant correlation, suggesting that ballooning of the hepatocytes may play a role in the augmentation of portal hypertension in alcoholic liver disease.
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PMID:Changes in liver and spleen volumes in alcoholic liver disease. 271 18

To establish the effects of a meal on portal venous flow and the prognostic value of this parameter, 46 patients with chronic liver disease and 28 healthy subjects were examined with duplex Doppler before and after a meal. The measurements were completed in 40 patients and 21 healthy subjects. Postprandial portal venous diameter, blood velocity and quantitative flow were measured for 60 min. Mean baseline values were: 11.4 mm versus 10.2 mm (p = 0.019), 10.8 cm.s-1 versus 13.4 cm.s-1 (p = 0.015) and 668 ml.min-1 versus 646 ml.min-1 (p = 0.7) respectively. Spleen size was 15.0 cm versus 10.6 cm (p = 0.0001) respectively. Postprandial diameter, velocity and flow increased significantly in patients and controls (p = 0.0001 for all). Mean postprandial flow could best be described by a polynomial equation with a parabolic curve. Patients' curves were more blunted than controls', with significantly different regression constants (p = 0.025 and p = 0.029). All subjects were followed up for survival and variceal haemorrhage. The mean follow-up time was 47 months. Early maximum postprandial velocity (p = 0.041) and large spleen size (p = 0.002) were significantly related to an unfavourable prognosis for survival. Early maximum velocity was also related to increased variceal haemorrhage. This study shows that postprandial portal venous flow is blunted in patients with chronic liver disease. Postprandial portal venous flow may have prognostic significance.
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PMID:Blunted postprandial reaction of portal venous flow in chronic liver disease, assessed with duplex Doppler: significance for prognosis. 769 60

To investigate the role of echo-Doppler flowmetry in evaluating patients with cystic fibrosis and portal hypertension at risk of esophageal varices, we studied 26 subjects divided in 3 groups: 9 with portal hypertension and esophageal varices, 8 with chronic liver disease without varices, and 9 without chronic liver disease. Spleen size, diameter, blood velocity, and flow rate of portal, splenic, and superior mesenteric veins were recorded. In patients without chronic liver disease Doppler measurements were repeated on 2 different days to assess intraobserver variability. Significant differences among the three groups were found for mean values of spleen size and diameters of portal, splenic, and superior mesenteric veins. Nevertheless, a considerable overlapping of individual data was observed. No differences were observed in mean hemodynamic measurements, except for blood velocity in portal vein and flow rate in splenic vein. The intraobserver variability for repeated Doppler measurements was clinically unacceptable for most of the variables studied. Echo-Doppler assessment of splanchnic flow seems to be an unreliable tool in the management of cystic fibrosis patients with portal hypertension at risk of esophageal varices.
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PMID:Portal hypertension and esophageal varices in cystic fibrosis. Unreliability of echo-Doppler flowmetry. 830 5

The quantitative liver-spleen scan (QLSS) can estimate the functional hepatic mass and the organ volumes by precise measurement of sulfur colloid (SC) distribution. The normal range determined in prior studies was estimated from patients with absence of chronic liver disease in which intense fasting appeared to produce slightly abnormal values. This study was to determine the effect of fasting or fed status and colloid particle size on quantitative measurements from the QLSS in a small cohort of normal individuals. Twelve persons without any medical problems had QLSS taken twice, 2 weeks apart, one fasting and one postprandial. Patients were scanned after injection of 5-6 mCi of SC; six patients were given solution A (5- to 12-microm particle size) and six patients solution B (2- to 12-microm particle size). SPECT and planar analysis were performed. SC distribution of total counts between the liver and the spleen {[L/(L + S)]t ratio}, liver-spleen index (LSI), and liver-bone marrow index (LBI) were calculated. The perfused hepatic mass (PHM) is the average of the LSI and LBI. Spleen and liver volumes are expressed as milliliters per pound ideal body weight (IBW). Results showed that the liver and spleen volumes (solution B postprandial, 9.27 +/- 2.48 and 1.47 +/- 0.57 ml/lb IBW, respectively) and LBI were not affected by the type of SC solution or by ingestion status. L/(L + S) total and pixel count ratios were significantly higher for solution B and postprandial studies. [L/(L + S)]t, LSI, and PHM increased significantly (P < 0.05) from fasting to postprandial for solution A (0.71 +/- 0.13 vs 0.79 +/- 0.08, 80 +/- 14 vs 91 +/- 8, and 102 +/- 10 vs 106 +/- 8, respectively) and for solution B (0.81 +/- 0.05 vs 0.90 +/- 0.02, 86 +/- 4 vs 95 +/- 3, and 101 +/- 5 vs 110 +/- 3). Neither fasting nor postprandial LSI and PHM were significantly different between solution A and solution B. We conclude the following. (1) The QLSS functional indices in "true" normal patients fall within the previously reported normal range. (2) Calculated liver and spleen volumes are not altered by fasting or sulfur colloid particle size. (3) Fasting significantly decreased the [L/(L + S)]t, LSI, and PHM. (4) A postprandial scan may be preferable since the normal values for [L/(L + S)]t, LSI, and PHM are greater, with a narrower range, than fasting values.
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PMID:Factors affecting the quantitative liver-spleen scan in normal individuals. 1574 86