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Query: UMLS:C0153470 (Spleen)
 4,015 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spleen cells from random-bred chickens bearing Rous sarcomas were commonly more reactive against the neoplastic target cells in autochthonous than in allogenic interactions in vitro. This difference was observed both in cytotoxic assays ((51)Cr release from labeled target cells) and in an immunoadherence test measuring attachment of (51)Cr-labeled splenocytes to Rous sarcoma cells. Specific splenocyte reactivity was not observed with normal embryonic chicken fibroblasts, 3T3 cells, or embryonic mouse C3H fibroblasts. The immunoadherence technique required only 2 hr to perform, and revealed a more consistent superiority of autochthonous recognition of Rous sarcoma cells than the cytotoxicity assay. Experiments in which both procedures were used simultaneously with identical cell populations yielded similar results, indicating that splenocyte adherence may be a precursor of and/or concomitant to target cell damage and that individual-specific tumor antigencity may play a part in cellular immunity against Rous sarcomas.
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PMID:Cellular immunity against Rous sarcomas of chickens. Preferential reactivity against autochthonous target cells as determined by lymphocyte adherence and cytotoxicity tests in vitro. 413 18

Spleen cells taken from quails treated with chicken alpha-fetoprotein (Ch-AFP) showed reduced natural killer (NK) activity as did spleen cells taken from quails treated with chicken amniotic fluid (ChAmF) in which the presence of Ch-AFP was demonstrated by a gel precipitation test. The Ch-AFP-induced reduction of NK activity was shown to be mediated by suppressor cells. In addition, Ch-AFP-treated quails developed tumors with shorter latent periods than those of the tumors that developed in untreated quails after inoculation with Rous sarcoma virus, as was true for ChAmF-treated quails.
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PMID:Suppression of natural killer cell activity by chicken alpha-fetoprotein in Japanese quails. 618 64

The major component of the core structure of avian sarcoma leukosis viruses is a 27 kD molecular weight polypeptide, p27. Spleen cells from mice immunized with the Schmidt-Ruppin strain of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) were fused with mouse myeloma cells (SP2/0), and hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies to p27 were isolated. The monoclonal antibodies were all of the IgG1 subclass with kappa light chains. These antibodies immunoprecipitated p27 and its precursor proteins from extracts of RSV-transformed cells. Reciprocal competitive binding experiments defined five nonoverlapping antigenic determinants within p27. The monoclonal antibodies also immunoprecipitated the transforming protein, p110gag-myc, from avian myelocytomatosis virus transformed cells. Their usefulness in studies of virion maturation and viral oncogenesis is discussed.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies specific for the virion polypeptide, p27, of avian retroviruses. 620 83

Intravenous inoculation of chicken amniotic fluid (ChAmF) markedly reduced natural killer (NK) cell activity of spleen cells from Japanese quails. The reduction of NK activity was mediated by non-adherent thymus-dependent lymphoid cells which were resistant to treatment with anti-immunoglobulin serum and sensitive to treatment with anti-thymocyte serum in the presence of complement. The suppressing activity was selectively directed to NK cells, since Rous sarcoma virus-specific cytotoxicity or hemagglutinating antibody production against sheep erythrocytes was not suppressed in ChAmF-treated quails. Spleen cells from normal 1-week-old quails had similar characteristics to those from ChAmF-treated 4-week-old quails, lacking NK activity and exhibiting suppressive effect on NK activity, and were also shown to be thymus-dependent. Biological significance of the presence of NK cells and their suppressor cells is discussed in relation to embryonic development and tumor-surveillance mechanism.
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PMID:Induction and characterization of splenic suppressor cells directed to natural killer cells in Japanese quails. 645 15

Spleen cells from BALB/c mice, previously immunized with rat cerebellar tissue, were fused to the mouse myeloma cell line SP2/0-Ag14 and the cerebellar cell type specificity of the resultant hybridomas determined. In this report we describe the specificity of one hybridoma, C4/12. Monoclonal antibodies secreted by this hybridoma recognize granule cell neurons in adult cerebellar frozen sections, and in primary cultures started from 3 to 5-day-old newborn rats. In addition, C4/12 recognizes a subclass of astrocytes when screened on primary cultures but not adult cerebellar tissue. Two temperature sensitive Rous sarcoma virus transformed cerebellar cell lines, previously shown to be either neuronal or glial, were screened for the presence of the antigen. Both cell lines are positive at the temperature permissive for transformation, whereas the glial line but not the neuronal line exhibits the antigen at the nonpermissive temperature. These results are discussed in light of the cell lines being representative of precursor cells.
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PMID:Immunological identification of cerebellar cell lines. 704 26