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Query: UMLS:C0152447 (urethral discharge)
 296 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical features, microbiologic investigation, and response to therapy of three patients with Gardnerella vaginalis-associated balanoposthitis were studied. Each man presented with a similar syndrome of diffuse erythema and pruritus of the glans meatus and coronal sulcus, irritation of the prepuce, and minimal urethral discharge. A characteristic fishy odor was present in the urethral discharge of all three patients. G. vaginalis was isolated from the glans of all three, and clue cells were present in two. In all cases, cultures for Candida albicans, herpes simplex virus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum were negative. All three patients responded to oral therapy with metronidazole and concurrent treatment of the partner. Two patients subsequently relapsed but ultimately responded to clindamycin therapy. These men presented with a distinctive clinical syndrome of balanoposthitis associated with G. vaginalis, which is in many respects similar to the syndrome of bacterial vaginosis in women. Our data indicate that balanoposthitis may have a polymicrobial and synergistic etiology involving G. vaginalis and anaerobic bacteria in the male lower genital tract; such an etiology is analogous to that of bacterial vaginosis.
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PMID:Gardnerella vaginalis-associated balanoposthitis. 349 1

Between November 1992 and April 1993, interviews were conducted with 400 patients (169 men, 231 women) aged 14-52 years at the sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic of the Institut d'Hygiene Sociale in Antananarivo, Madagascar, to determine the pattern of STDs and to improve treatment of the leading STDs. The 400 patients presented with 434 syndromes. 124 men had urethral discharge. 210 women had cervicovaginal discharge. 43 men and 18 women had genital ulcers. Clinicians could not establish a diagnosis in 33 patients. 171 patients had more than one infection. Chlamydia infection was the most common infection associated with another STD (gonorrhea in 22% of men and 11% of women with discharge, trichomoniasis in 2.4% of men and 13% of women, candidiasis in 1.6% of men and 9% of women, and bacterial vaginosis in 15% of women with discharge). Gonorrhea was the most common etiology for male discharge (69%) while chlamydia infection was for female discharge (52%). Women with discharge were more likely than men with discharge to have chlamydia infection (52% vs. 42%), trichomoniasis (30% vs. 9%; p 0.00001), and candidiasis (32% vs. 12%; p 0.00001). 37% of women with discharge had bacterial vaginosis. Chlamydia infection was the most common STD in this population (45%). 32% of male and 71% of female gonorrhea cases also had chlamydia infection. 70 patients had syphilis. 36 of them had secondary stage syphilis. No one had HIV-1 or HIV-2 infection. The most efficacious antibiotics for gonorrhea were ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and spectinomycin (100% susceptibility). 31% and 26% of isolates were susceptible to tetracycline and cotrimoxazole, respectively. Public facilities in Madagascar do not have the capabilities to diagnosis chlamydia, resulting in many untreated chlamydia cases. These findings stress the need to improve combined treatment of gonorrhea and chlamydia infection and for educational efforts to increase awareness of genital ulcer disease.
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PMID:Pattern of sexually transmitted diseases in a Malagasy population. 787 44

In men urethral discharge is commonly caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. Both organisms cause an acute anterior urethritis and infected men usually present with symptoms of urethritis. A proportion of men with urethral infection may remain asymptomatic. Amongst women the common cause of vaginal discharge is vaginitis caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida albicans and anaerobic bacterial infection (bacterial vaginosis). However, cervicitis caused by N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis also causes vaginal discharge. Cervicitis is the more serious cause of vaginal discharge as the aetiologic agents may lead to infection ascending above the internal os of the cervix resulting in pelvic inflammatory disease and other complications.
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PMID:Syndromic management of sexually transmitted diseases. Part 2--The management of genital discharge. 1010 31

According to World Health Organization estimates, there are 333 million new cases of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) each year. The total number of reproductive tract infections (RTIs) is even higher since these infections may have few visible symptoms, especially in women. Left untreated, however, RTIs can lead to infertility. Common symptoms include: unusually thick or foul-smelling vaginal or urethral discharge, genital sores, anal sores, genital itching, pain when urinating and during sexual intercourse, painful swelling in the lymph glands or groin, and lower abdominal pain. The open sores associated with STDs such as syphilis, chancroid, and genital herpes greatly increase the risk of HIV transmission, as may STDs such as gonorrhea that are associated with urethral or vaginal discharge. To facilitate the prompt diagnosis and treatment of RTIs, this article briefly describes the diagnosis and long-term effects of gonorrhea, syphilis, chancroid, chlamydia, pelvic inflammatory disease, genital herpes, genital warts, candida, and bacterial vaginosis.
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PMID:Common infections. 1234 38

A prospective study of genital infections was conducted in a university-affiliated teaching hospital in Hamedan City, Iran. A total of 540 women were recruited and divided into two equal groups: (1) the case group with vaginitis (N=270) and, (2) the asymptomatic control group (N=270). Participants were interviewed about the occurrence of any vaginal or urethral discharge. Two vaginal swabs were obtained for pH testing, KOH and wet mount examination, Gram staining and culture at the time of speculum examination. In the case group, the prevalence of candidiasis, trichomoniasis, and bacterial vaginosis was 17.2, 18.1, and 28.5%, respectively. Measurement of vaginal pH in the clinic was the single most useful clinical finding for directing empirical therapy. No single specimen was found ideal for all pathogens; a cervical swab is better for Trichomonas vaginalis but a vaginal swab is needed for candida and bacterial vaginosis. To achieve STD control in this and similar populations, public health programs must target asymptomatic infections.
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PMID:A prospective study of genital infections in Hamedan, Iran. 1754 76