Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0152169 (renal colic)
 811 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Urate production (miscible urate pool and turnover, daily production, glycine incorporation into urate) and urate excretion (24 hour urinary urate excretion on a purine free diet, renal clearances of urate and creatinine, per cent renal excretion of labelled urate, extra-renal elimination of urate) were measured in members of five families who demonstrated varying degrees of deficiency of the X-linked condition hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) deficiency. The hemizygous males, all of whom eventually developed symptoms, showed consistent overproduction of urate with a renal excretion of urate that varied from moderately to considerably increased. The nine heterozygotes, of whom seven were asymptomatic, also showed abnormalities of urate production, although all but two had normal serum urate concentrations. The one heterozygote who had developed gouty arthritis had the lowest renal excretory capacity for urate, whereas the one heterozygote who had developed an episode of renal colic had the highest urate clearance. In the heterozygotes with normal serum urate concentrations, the increase urate production was balanced by the renal excretion of urate. This demonstrates the importance of the relation between urate. This demonstrates the importance of the relation-between urate production and urate excretion in determining the clinical expression of abnormal urate metabolism.
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PMID:Urate kinetics in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency: their significance for the understanding of gout. 76 40

There is an increased prevalence of nephrolithiasis and an increase in the incidence of renal colic in patients with diabetes, obesity, hypertension and insulin resistance because of an increased frequency of uric acid crystallization. Uric acid crystallization occurs in the milieu of an acid urine and is not due to hyperuricosuria as with insulin resistance, urinary uric acid levels are generally decreased because of increased renal tubular reabsorption. However, in the presence of insulin resistance, there is decreased renal tubular generation of ammonia and increased sodium absorption leading to acidification of the urine and uric acid crystallization. The presence of a low urine pH should alert the clinician to the increased risk of nephrolithiasis particularly in the obese, diabetic or hypertensive patient. Prevention of nephrolithiasis can be achieved in susceptible individuals either by alkalizing the urine and/or by further decreasing the uric acid content of the urine with a xanthine oxidase inhibitor such as allopurinol.
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PMID:Beware the low urine pH--the major cause of the increased prevalence of nephrolithiasis in the patient with type 2 diabetes. 2199 52