Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0152031 (swollen joints)
 535 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intraarticular injection of zymosan (1 mg) into the knee joints of male Wistar rats led to infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes, joint swelling and elevation of tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) in joint lavage fluids. Neutrophil infiltration was maximal at 5 h after induction of arthritis but had declined by 24 h post injection. Monocyte infiltration was maximal around the same time as that of the neutrophil infiltration but was sustained through 24 h. Joint swelling was apparent at 1 h but was not maximal until 6 h after induction of zymosan-induced arthritis. The maximum levels of TNF-alpha (150-200 pg of mouse equivalents per joint) in joint fluid preceded the infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes and was maximal at 1-2 h after injection of zymosan but had declined to below 100 pg per joint at 5 h (the time of maximal leukocyte infiltration) and was below the lower limit of detection at 24 h after induction of arthritis. Depletion of neutrophils and monocytes with a rabbit anti-rat leukocyte antibody reduced leukocyte infiltration and the later phase of joint swelling but did not reduce the levels of TNF-alpha in joint fluid. These data indicate that in zymosan-induced arthritis TNF-alpha is produced from the resident joint tissues such as the synovial lining cells rather than infiltrating neutrophils or monocytes.
Cytokine 1996 Feb
PMID:Resident joint tissues, rather than infiltrating neutrophils and monocytes, are the predominant sources of TNF-alpha in zymosan-induced arthritis. 877 70

Type 1 cytokines (a.o. IL-2 and IFN-gamma) play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. On the other hand, IgE-mediated diseases such as allergic asthma and atopic dermatitis show a type 2 cytokine (amongst others IL-4 and IL-5) profile. This study examined simultaneously the intracellular production of IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL-5 in T-lymphocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis during treatment with methotrexate or salazopyrin, patients with allergic asthma or atopic dermatitis under stable treatment, compared to healthy controls.A three-colour flow cytometric analysis was used for cytokine detection in T-helper cells and T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells. Compared to controls, patients with symptomatic atopic dermatitis showed an increased number of IL-4-producing T-helper lymphocytes in basal circumstances (P=0.001), in contrast to asymptomatic allergic asthma patients. Compared to controls, rheumatoid arthritis patients, treated with salazopyrin, showed an increased number of IL-2-producing T-helper and T-suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocytes after in vitro stimulation with PMA and ionomycin (P=0.01). In contrast, rheumatoid arthritis patients, treated with methotrexate, a more potent disease modifying drug, did not show this type 1 cytokine profile. A positive correlation was found between the number of IFN-gamma producing T-helper cells and disease activity (Ritchie Index and number of swollen joints) in both rheumatoid arthritis patient groups. Active atopic dermatitis patients showed a type 2 cytokine profile, whereas stable asthma patients with lower disease activity did not show a predominance of type 2 cytokines. Rheumatoid arthritis patients under treatment with salazopyrin had a type 1 cytokine profile, which could not be demonstrated in patients treated with methotrexate. This imbalance between type 1 and type 2 cytokines in different immune mediated disorders can be related with treatment and the grade of disease activity. These results stress the need for further investigation of the influence of therapy on cytokine profiles.
Cytokine 1999 Oct
PMID:Flow cytometric detection of type 1 (IL-2, IFN-gamma) and type 2 (IL-4, IL-5) cytokines in T-helper and T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells in rheumatoid arthritis, allergic asthma and atopic dermatitis. 1052 17