Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0152030 (skin irritation)
 2,146 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to investigate the mechanism of Bell's palsy, we developed an animal model of facial nerve paralysis induced by the reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Eight weeks after recovery from facial nerve paralysis caused by inoculation with HSV-1, the mice were treated with auricular skin scratch at the site of the previous inoculation, or with intraperitoneal injection of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb), or combination of both procedures. No mice developed facial nerve paralysis when they were treated with either auricular scratch or mAb injection alone. In contrast, 20% of mice developed facial nerve paralysis with the combined treatment. With one exception, no mouse treated with either auricular scratch or mAb injection showed HSV-I DNA in their facial nerve tissue, whereas 4 out of 6 mice receiving both treatments showed HSV-1 DNA on day 10 after treatment. Histopathological findings showed neuronal degeneration in the geniculate ganglion and demyelination of the facial motor nerve in paralyzed mice. These findings suggest that a combination of stimuli, local skin irritation, and general immunosuppression is essential for successfully inducing facial nerve paralysis in mice with latent HSV-1 infection.
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PMID:Mouse model of Bell's palsy induced by reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1. 1139 38

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the skin irritation and pharmacodynamics of penciclovir-loaded microemulsion (PCV-ME). The formulation of PCV-ME was comprised of oleic acid (OA) (5%, w/w), Cremorphor EL (20%, w/w), ethanol (30%, w/w) and water (45%, w/w). PCV-ME presented as spherically shaped under transmission electron microscopy with an average diameter of 36.5 nm, and the solubility of PCV in microemulsion (ME) was 7.41 mg/g, almost 6 times that in water. Skin irritation test was performed in male guinea pigs, which demonstrated that no irritation effect was caused after single or multiple applications of PCV-ME. Likewise, male guinea pigs were employed as animal models which were infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in pharmacodynamics study. Real-time PCR was utilized to investigate the inhibition effect on HSV-1 exerted by commercial PCV-cream and PCV-ME. The results indicated that compared with commercial PCV-cream, PCV-ME could significantly inhibit the replication of HSV-1 in skin. In conclusion, PCV-ME could be a promising formulation which possessed the virtues of low irritation and high effectiveness.
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PMID:Skin irritation and the inhibition effect on HSV-1 in vivo of penciclovir-loaded microemulsion. 2072 29