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Query: UMLS:C0152025 (polyneuropathy)
 7,862 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In recent years there are a considerable increase in alcohol consumption in Taiwan, which may have been accompanied by increased incidence of alcohol-related physical disease. This study was designed for an understanding of neurological problems in chronic alcoholic patients. One hundred and five cases of chronic alcoholics with neurological problems were collected. All had taken more than 100 g alcohol daily for more than 8 years. They were all males, with a mean age of 47.0 +/- 1.3 years, mean daily alcohol consumption of 185.1 +/- 9.0 g (mean +/- S.E.). These chronic alcoholic patients showed various neurological problems. Patients showing typical clinical features of alcoholic neurological disease are now rather rare. Most of the patients had manifestations of more than one problems: polyneuropathy (74.3%), alcoholic tremor (37.1%), hallucinosis (30.5%), myopathy (26.7%), head injury (24.8%), withdrawal seizures (18.1%), Wernicke encephalopathy (15.2%), paranoia (13.3%), and stroke (15.2%). Furthermore, we divided all the patients into 5 categories, they were: encephalopathy, 59 cases (56.2%); stroke, 16 cases (15.2%); cerebellar degeneration, 12 cases (11.4%); neuropathy, 78 case (74.3%); and myopathy, 28 cases (16.7%). The daily alcohol consumption and duration of daily drinking were different significantly (p less than 0.05) among five different syndrome categories.
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PMID:Neurological problems in chronic alcoholics. 165 33

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are of two types: some are more often seen without than with cancers and may therefore be called "occasionally para neoplastic" (e.g. chronic sensorimotor polyneuropathy and polymyositis), while others are fairly regularly associated with cancers, and particularly with small cell lung carcinoma. In this category falls subacute encephalomyelitis, an entity of broad anatomico-clinical spectrum including limbic encephalitis and subacute sensory neuronopathy; the patient's serum and cerebrospinal fluid may contain neuronal antinuclear antibodies. One type of subacute cerebellar degeneration is characterized by the presence of antibodies specifically directed against Purkinje cell cytoplasmic antigens, and it is associated with ovarian and mammary cancers. The other type shows no antibodies or different antibodies and sometimes neuronal antinuclear antibodies; the latter case may represent the cerebellar form of subacute encephalopathy. Because it may be either a true autoimmune disease or a true paraneoplastic syndrome, Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, caused by autoantibodies that block the voltage-dependent calcium channels, stands out as the most convincing argument in support of the autoimmune paraneoplastic syndrome theory. The theory, which refers to cross-antigenicity, cannot be extended to the other syndromes without reservation: there is no evidence that autoantibodies are neurotoxic, and specific autoantibodies in high levels are sometimes detected in patients with cancer but without any neurological symptom. Nevertheless, the finding of circulating antineuronal antibodies in patients with a suggestive clinical syndrome should prompt investigations for cancer perhaps at an early stage.
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PMID:[Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes]. 182 23

Various neurological complications may occur in patients under haemodialysis for end-stage chronic renal failure. Their frequency has clearly been reduced by improvements in the modalities and techniques of dialysis. Some of these complications are related to uremia and/or to the accumulation of endogenous toxic substances the nature of which has not been elucidated (e.g. uraemic encephalopathy, polyneuropathy), while others are directly due to the haemodialysis itself (e.g. dialysis disequilibrium syndrome, aluminum encephalopathy).
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PMID:[Neurologic complications in hemodialysis patients]. 232 90

Exposure to organic solvents may impair the function of the peripheral and the central nervous system. This paper describes the results of neurological and neuropsychological examinations of 19 patients with a chronic organic solvent intoxication syndrome. During examination they presented clinical findings diagnosed as polyneuropathy, encephalopathy or both. The syndromes have no specific characteristics, and a qualified evaluation of alternative etiologies is compulsory. Experience from occupational medicine is essential for appraising exposure to solvents.
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PMID:[Nervous system impairment caused by solvents]. 221

Data concerning 292 neurologic complications of AIDS were supplied by ten Departments of Neurology of Spanish hospitals. The period of study was from june 1984 to june 1988. The most frequent complications were: Toxoplasmosis of the CNS (28%), subacute encephalopathy (17%), distal polyneuropathy (8%), tuberculous meningitis (7.5%) and cryptococcal infection of the CNS (6.5%). The most important risk factors for AIDS in this series were intravenous drug addiction (77%) and homosexuality in males (12%). The overall mortality among the reported complications was 54.7%. The main causes of mortality were toxoplasmosis (32% of the fatalities), subacute encephalopathy (19%), and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (8%). These data are compared to those obtained from other European and American series.
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PMID:[Neurologic complications of AIDS. Panoramic view based on a multicenter hospital study]. 270 Feb 95

Twenty-six patients with previous heavy exposure to organic solvents were admitted to a neurological department during a 1 1/2 year period. They were studied with a battery of tests, including general medical and neurological examinations, neuropsychological tests, electroencephalography (EEG) and neurography with electromyography (EMG), and cerebral computerized tomography (CT). The presenting complaints were compatible with encephalopathy and/or polyneuropathy. When patients with alternative diagnosis were excluded, 17 patients (65%) of the initial group were diagnosed as belonging to the organic solvent syndrome. These patients had a mean time of solvent exposure of 23.9 years, ranging from one to 45 years. EEG and cerebral CT showed minor deviations only as did the neurological examination. These methods proved nevertheless of importance in excluding alternative etiologies. Neuropsychological test performances were markedly reduced, especially short-term memory. All patients were injured by occupational exposure to organic solvents, most often from painting and lacquering. Encephalopathy was a more frequent finding than polyneuropathy, and most often classified as slight or marked, whereas severe encephalopathy was not found in the present group.
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PMID:Encephalopathy and polyneuropathy induced by organic solvents. 277 57

A random sample of 6,000 women from the birth cohorts 1900-1920 were invited to participate in an investigation of urinary incontinence by completing and returning an enclosed questionnaire. Of the 4,206 women who returned the completed questionnaire, 677 (16.9%) complained of urinary incontinence and accepted an invitation to be examined and treated at our clinic. The first 150 consecutive patients recruited via this questionnaire who attended the clinic underwent a detailed neurological examination. The prevalence of neurological signs amongst this group of women was low, only 2% were considered to have a focal encephalopathy, 1% had an organic brain syndrome, 2% had a myelopathy and a further 1% were considered to have a polyneuropathy. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of neurological signs between the group of women with urinary incontinence and an age-matched control group from the total population. Thus, urinary incontinence in an unselected population of elderly women appears to be mainly dependent on other aetiological factors rather than neurological dysfunction.
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PMID:Neurological examination of elderly women under investigation for urinary incontinence. 278 3

Three specific patterns of neurologic deficit were seen in a group of 52 patients with the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Central nervous system dysfunction was seen in 7 patients (15%), 4 of whom had a distinctive encephalopathy characterized by behavioral disturbances and upper motor neuron signs. Peripheral neuropathy was found in 27 patients (52%), with a sensory polyneuropathy the commonest form (in 23 patients), although mononeuritis multiplex and radiculopathy were also seen. Central nervous system abnormalities from embolic disorders were seen in 6 patients (12%). Thus, a total of 65% of these patients had some neurologic dysfunction. Although the spectrum of neurologic disease is broad and includes very different manifestations, we conclude that distinct patterns of neurologic involvement are characteristic of this syndrome.
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PMID:Neurologic dysfunction in the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. 298 93

A 22-year-old multigravida presented with polyneuropathy and encephalopathy at 18 weeks' pregnancy. After excluding other applicable conditions, the diagnosis of a hyperemesis-induced thiamine deficiency was made. With the necessary vitamin supplementation the patient gradually recovered over a period of 4 months and was delivered of a normal infant at term. Gestational polyneuropathy and encephalopathy due to thiamine deficiency has very rarely been reported. The literature is reviewed with discussion of the differential diagnosis, the treatment and the prognosis.
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PMID:Thiamine deficiency-induced gestational polyneuropathy and encephalopathy. A case report. 298 95

Doxyfluridine is a new cytostatic drug of the fluoropyrimidine group, which may prove to have a high antitumor activity with less toxic side effects. Thirteen patients with advanced colorectal cancer were given doxyfluridine 2 g/m2 as a one-hour infusion for five days every three weeks and examined neurologically and neurophysiologically. One patient experienced an acute, reversible cerebellopathy after the second treatment course and developed a progressive generalized encephalopathy during the subsequent third and fourth cycle. The frequency of cerebellopathy may depend on the dosage and type of administration of the drug. Five patients developed a mild, mainly sensory polyneuropathy. High age, weight loss and decreasing general condition seem to be important factors in the development of polyneuropathy during doxyfluridine treatment, and this stresses the importance of optimal nutrition during the treatment period.
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PMID:Neurological manifestations in a phase 2 study of 13 patients treated with doxyfluridine. 299 81


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