Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0151825 (bone pain)
 3,118 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bisphosphonates are molecules derived from pyrophosphates,but, unlike pyrophosphates, they are resistant to enzymatic hydrolysis. Bisphosphonates are used in the treatment of Paget's disease, cancer-related osteolysis, myeloma, primary hyperparathyroidism, and osteoporosis. In dialysis patients bisphosphonates may be used to reduce bone pain due to renal osteodystrophy. We describe the case of a 60-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer who had been on dialysis for 8 years. She had been receiving clodronic acid at 100 mg per week intravenously for the last 2 years. A year ago, the patient underwent surgical extraction of the lower right second molar. Her jaw pain increased in the following days. An orthopanthograph and a CT scan of the head showed osteolysis, and a surgical osteotomy was performed. Histological examination led to a diagnosis of avascular osteonecrosis of the jaw. Avascular osteonecrosis is typically described in the jaw. In this case, prolonged bisphosphonate treatment may have worsened the osteonecrosis.
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PMID:[Avascular jaw osteonecrosis in a hemodialysis patient treated with bisphosphonates]. 1755 35

Differentiation of bone infarct from osteomyelitis is one of the most challenging issues in the evaluation of acute bone pain in sickle cell patients. The imaging modalities that are currently being used for assessment of bone marrow in this population have several limitations. We present a case of an 18-year-old male with a history of sickle cell disease, who was transferred to our emergency department with progressively severe headache and jaw pain for one-week. Initial evaluation was concerning for osteomyelitis and epidural abscess formation. Due to the lack of response to the current antibiotic treatment, he was transferred to our institution. On further review of the images, atypical DWI findings that were identified in the early phase of presentation helped to differentiate bone infarct from osteomyelitis. Radiologists should be aware of this phenomenon, as it can help in the differentiation between these two pathologies and can affect the patient's management overall.
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PMID:T2-blackout effect on DWI as a sign of early bone infarct and sequestration in a patient with sickle cell disease. 3050 Apr 54