Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0151814 (coronary occlusion)
 3,687 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of endogenous histamine in the regulation of reactive hyperaemia (RH) and coronary autoregulation in isolated rat hearts. The basal release of cardiac histamine (perfusion pressure 60 cm H2O) amounted to 100-200 pmol/min/g wt. During the first 15 s following 30 s of coronary occlusion, the release of histamine increased about three times and returned to basal levels after approximately 90 s, paralleling the changes of coronary flow (CF). Blockade of H1-receptors increased basal CF by 23 +/- 2%, significantly reduced blood flow debt and prolonged the duration of RH. Blockade of H2- and H3-receptors produced a significant decline of CF, decreased RH flow and diminished RH by 40 +/- 3%. Blockade of all three classes of histamine receptors indicated that endogenous histamine exerts predominantly vasodilatory effects (mediated by H2- and H3-receptors) on coronary circulation. Histamine-induced vasodilation appears to be NO-dependent. Changes of coronary perfusion pressure from 20 to 120 cm H2O were accompanied by an almost linear decrease of histamine release from about 200 to 45-50 pmol/min/g wt. Blockade of histamine receptors decreased, while L-NAME significantly widened the autoregulatory range of the isolated rat heart, reduced CF and release of NO, but reversed the pattern of histamine release leaving the autoregulatory range unaltered, which indicate that endogenous histamine does not play a role in the regulation of coronary autoregulation.
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PMID:Role of histamine in the regulation of coronary circulation. 908 53

An efficient gene delivery system is a prerequisite for myocardial gene therapy. Among the various procedures studied so far, catheter-based percutaneous gene delivery to the myocardium through the coronary vessels seems the most relevant to routine clinical practice; however, the optimal conditions remain to be determined. We selectively infused adenoviral vectors encoding luciferase (1 x 10(9) PFU) or beta-galactosidase (1 x 10(10) PFU) into coronary arteries of adult rabbits in various experimental conditions. Coronary artery occlusion for 30 sec, during and after adenovirus delivery, was required to observe luciferase activity in the target area of the circumflex artery (4.0 +/- 1.0 x 10(5) vs. 1.1 +/- 0.2 x 10(4) RLU/mg with and without coronary occlusion, respectively, p < 0.01, and 1.0 +/- 0.1 x 10(3) RLU/mg using nonselective infusion). When adenoviruses were delivered using high-pressure infusion (82 +/- 12 vs. 415 +/- 25 mmHg before and during infusion, respectively, p < 0.01), luciferase activity increased to 8.5 +/- 2.5 x 10(5) RLU/mg (p < 0.05 vs coronary occlusion alone). Coronary venous sinus occlusion with saline buffer retroinfusion starting before and during anterograde adenovirus delivery resulted in a further 4.7-fold increase in luciferase activity (4.4 +/- 0.8 x 10(6) RLU/mg, p < 0.01) with 5-25% blue-stained myocytes in the target area, compared with 0-5% with the other procedures. Histamine or VEGF-A(165) pretreatment, used to increase vascular permeability, slightly increased gene transfer efficiency (8.5 +/- 2.0 x 10(5) and 9.0 +/- 2.5 x 10(5) RLU/mg respectively, p < 0.05 vs. coronary occlusion alone). We conclude that catheter-mediated adenoviral gene transfer to cardiac myocytes through coronary vessels can be a very efficient procedure for myocardial gene therapy, particularly when the vector residence time and perfusion pressure in the vessels are increased.
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PMID:How to optimize in vivo gene transfer to cardiac myocytes: mechanical or pharmacological procedures? 1153 64