Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0151744 (myocardial ischemia)
 31,282 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Due to its multifarious biological activity the renin-angiotensin system occupies a special position among risk factors of ischemic heart disease. The discovery of I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene led to a better understanding of genetic control of this enzyme. Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor of ischemic heart disease. Elevated plasma levels of homocysteine may be due to improper diet (e.g. shortage of folic acid) and/or genetic influence. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key enzyme in the metabolism of homocysteine. The present study was performed in 100 patients (14 women and 86 men, mean age 54.2 +/- 9.2 years) with a history of myocardial infarction. The control group included 100 patients (10 women and 90 men, mean age 52.3 +/- 10 years) without such history. PCR was used to detect I/D ACE and C677T MTHFR polymorphisms. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood nuclear cells and amplified by PCR with two pairs of primers flanking the polymorphic regions. The restriction enzyme Hinf I was used to identify genotypes of the MTHFR polymorphism. No difference between both groups was found concerning the distribution of I/D ACE genotypes (31% II, 51% ID, 18% DD in the study group; 30% II, 57% ID, 13% DD in the control group; Tab. 1) or the distribution of C677T MTHFR genotypes (46% CC, 45% CT, 9% TT in the study group; 39% CC, 50% CT, 11% TT in the control group; Tab. 2). There was a significant effect of I/D genotype on ACE activity (IU/L) in the study (II = 18.2 +/- 17.9; ID = 33.5 +/- 19.9; DD = 68.9 +/- 21.9) and in the control group (II = 24.2 +/- 18.1; ID = 31.5 +/- 20.9; DD = 51.4 +/- 19.5; Tab. 3). No correlation was confirmed between ACE or MTHFR genotypes and age at infarction or left ventricular mass (Tabs. 4, 5, 6). The results indicate that neither the I/D ACE nor the C677T MTHFR polymorphisms are associated with risk of myocardial infarction in the Polish population.
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PMID:[Polymorphism of genes coding for angiotensin I converting enzyme and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase in patients with ischemic heart disease]. 1171 21

Hyperhomocysteinemia is recognised as a risk factor of ischaemic heart disease and vascular complications of arterial hypertension. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T polymorphism is associated with hyperhomocysteinaemia. The aim of the study was the assessment of an association of the above polymorphism with type 2 diabetes with special attention to myocardial infarction and arterial hypertension accompanying diabetes. The study group consisted of 172 type 2 diabetics. 172 control subjects with normal glucose tolerance were age and sex matched to patients with diabetes. C677T polymorphism in MTHFR gene locus was detected using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. CT and TT genotypes were found more often among diabetics (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.16-2.89; p < 0.01). This finding may be secondary to the excess of T allele bearers among diabetics with myocardial infarction when compared to diabetics without infarction and to control group. Upon obtained results the potential role of genotypes CT and TT as risk factors of myocardial infarction among patients with type 2 diabetes could not be excluded (OR 2.33, 95% CI 0.93-5.8; p = 0.07). Genotypes containing T allele are not associated with diabetes type 2 and concomitant arterial hypertension (OR 1.45, 95% CI 0.89-2.57; p = 0.14). A confirmation in further studies is needed for the presented findings.
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PMID:[Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism in patients with type 2 diabetes]. 1192 64

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is among the leading causes of death worldwide. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms have been associated with IHD risk, but the findings presented with heterogeneity. The purpose of the present meta-analysis was to provide an updated evaluation by integrating machine-learning based analytics to examine the potential source of heterogeneity on the associations between MTHFR polymorphisms and the risk of various subtypes of IHD, as well as the possible impact of air pollution on MTHFR polymorphisms and IHD risks. A comprehensive search of various databases was conducted to locate 123 studies (29,697 cases and 31,028 controls) for MTHFR C677T, and 18 studies (7158 cases and 5482 controls) for MTHFR A1298C. Overall, MTHFR 677 polymorphisms were risks for IHD (TT: Risk ratio (RR) = 1.23, p < 0.0001; CT: RR = 1.04, p = 0.0028, and TT plus CT: RR = 1.09, p < 0.0001). In contrast, MTHFR 677 CC wildtype was protective against IHD (RR = 0.91, p < 0.00001) for overall populations. Three countries with elevated IHD risks from MTHFR C677T polymorphism with RR >2 included India, Turkey, and Tunisia. Meta-predictive analysis revealed that increased air pollution was associated with increased MTHFR 677 TT and CT polymorphisms in both the case and control group (p < 0.05), with the trend of increased IHD risk resulting from increased air pollution. These results associate the potential inflammatory pathway with air pollution and the folate pathway with MTHFR polymorphism. Future intervention studies can be designed to mitigate MTHFR enzyme deficiencies resulting from gene polymorphisms to prevent IHDs for at-risk populations.
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PMID:A Meta-Prediction of Methylenetetrahydrofolate-Reductase Polymorphisms and Air Pollution Increased the Risk of Ischemic Heart Diseases Worldwide. 2999 20