Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0151744 (myocardial ischemia)
 31,282 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The risks and possible cardiovascular benefits of beginning a programme of jogging in middle age are critically reviewed. A lifelong habit of vigorous exercise results in lower incidence rates of ischaemic heart disease. There is, however, no direct evidence that the same is true when sedentary middle-aged people decide to begin exercise. Exercise can have a beneficial effect on the risk factors for ischaemic heart disease but whether this reduces the likelihood of death from ischaemic heart disease remains unproven. There are approximately 12 sudden deaths per 100 000 male joggers in the USA attributable to jogging annually, while almost a third of all joggers report a musculoskeletal injury in a 12-month period.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1985 Jul
PMID:Jogging in middle age. 389 24

In prospective studies of ischaemic heart disease, data on the incidence of morbidity as well as mortality are critical to the understanding of the natural history of disease. In the Regional Heart Study, 7,735 middle-aged men recruited from general practices in 24 towns in England, Wales and Scotland have been examined, and are being followed for morbidity and mortality for at least five years. This paper explains the methods used and the difficulties encountered in maintaining the flow of information on these subjects and, in particular, discusses the problems of removal and tracing. A network of enquiries, using Family Practitioner Committees, the NHS Central Register and the additional 500 doctors (to date) to whom subjects have transferred, has enabled contact to be maintained. In the first seven towns reviewed at five years from the initial examination, replies have been received from 98 per cent of the original sample still alive and living in Great Britain.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1984 Jul
PMID:Follow-up of subjects in prospective studies based in general practice. 674 39

During 1968-69, 23,000 women taking oral contraceptives (OCs) and an equal number of controls were recruited by 1400 general practitioners (GPs) throughout the UK. Every 6 months the GPs report on the health and OC use of women in the continuing study. To determine the incidence of arterial disease the number of reports of initial vascular illnesses in each OC-usage group is divided by the calendar months of observation for women in that group. The standardized incidence rate (number of cases) of ischemic heart disease was 0.77 for current OC users, 0.63 for former users, and 0.54 for controls and of cerebrovascular disease for OC users was 0.62 for current users, 0.50 for former users, and 0.20 for controls. The only subcategory for which current users had a significantly increased relative risk was acute myocardial infarction (2.0). Current users also had increased risk of cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism, and transient ischemic attacks. Women aged 35 years and over had higher rates of arterial disease than did younger women and cigarette smoking increased the risk for older women in each OC usage group, having little effect on women under 35 years of age. Women over 35 who smoked had a 3.1 times greater risk of developing arterial disease than did nonsmokers. Neither ischemic heart disease nor peripheral vascular disease was shown to be associated with duration of OC use. It was also found that women who smoked and had used OCs had case-fatality rates 2-3 times greater than women in other groups. General conclusions are: 1) the relative risks of OC use are lower for the incidence of 1st events of arterial disease than for deaths, and 2) for cerebrovascular disease there is an increased risk in former users which remains high for over 6 years after stopping OCs.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1983 Feb
PMID:Incidence of arterial disease among oral contraceptive users. Royal College of General Practitioners' Oral Contraception Study. 686 38

Using a postal questionnaire method of investigation, the views of Tayside general practitioners were examined with respect to the management of three hypothetical patients with ischaemic heart disease. In the case of a man showing symptoms suggestive of infarction, hospital care was preferred by the majority of doctors. Of three categories of employment, the person in a manual occupation would be advised by most doctors to change his job after a second serious infarction. The advice given to patients was orientated towards the risk factors associated with ischaemic heart disease. Such advice was general rather than specific and emphasized restriction of activities rather than return to normal life. Commonly held social stereotypes appeared to affect the advice which practitioners said they would offer. The implications of these findings are discussed.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1983 Feb
PMID:Current opinion concerning the treatment of heart disease. Report of a postal survey among Tayside general practitioners. 686 40

With the primary objective of examining the practice of prescribing oral contraceptives (OCs), a questionnaire was sent to 180 general practitioners and 45 community health doctors involved in family planning. 6 case histories were listed and doctors were asked to report their prescribing practice in 36 different hypothetical situations. They could choose 1 of 3 options--to prescribe the combined pill, the progestogen-only pill, or not prescribe OCs. They were also asked about changes in their prescribing practice, the 3 OCs prescribed most often, when a progestogen-only would pill be prescribed in preference to the combined pill, and views on the role of others in prescribing OCs. Completed questionnaries were returned by 124 (69%) general practitioners and 45 (80%) of family planning doctors. All were least likely to prescribe OCs in cases of hypertension or family history of ischemic heart disease. Diabetes and headache were each seen as less of a contraindication, and few doctors saw either age or fibrocystic disease of the breast as increasing the risk. Within each case history, smoking emerged as the most important contraindication. Almost all doctors reported changes in their prescribing practice; these related to enhanced understanding of the risks of OCs and to the availability of newer preparations. The 3 most commonly used OCs were the 30 mcg estrogen preparations (low and high progestogen) and the progestogen-only pill. Nearly all the doctors replied that they would prescribe the progestogen-only pill but not the combined pill in certain circumstances, the most commonly cited being when the woman was over age 35, was breastfeeding, had risk factors for cardiovascular disease, or smoked. The 2 groups of doctors showed different attitudes towards the role of other staff in prescribing OCs. Although 2/3 of the general practitioner group felt that prescribing should be limited to doctors, this view was shared by only 1/4 of the family planning group.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1983 Apr
PMID:Prescribing of oral contraceptives in Oxfordshire. 688 88

Sir James Mackenzie's writings, especially his Diseases of the Heart, suggest that ischaemic heart disease, including myocardial infarction, was common in England at the beginning of the twentieth century.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1981 Jan
PMID:James Mackenzie and coronary heart disease. 702 16

We have examined the use of tranquillizers by 7,735 middle-aged men currently enrolled in the British Regional Heart Study, a prospective study of cardiovascular disease in 24 towns throughout Great Britain. Tranquillizer use was reported by 620 men (8 per cent). There was a slightly greater prevalence of tranquillizer use in the older men and the non-manual workers. Men with physical disease diagnosed by their doctor or by objective measurements during the study were more likely to be using tranquillizers than men with no physical disease. This was most evident for ischaemic heart disease, however diagnosed, and for hypertension diagnosed by their doctors. There was an inverse relationship between drinking and tranquillizer usage: heavy drinkers had lower rates of usage. There was no association between tranquillizer use and smoking habits.This study indicates that tranquillizer use in these middle-aged men is little influenced by age, social class or smoking, but that there is a strong, positive association between tranquillizer use and the presence of doctor-diagnosed physical disease. While our data provide support for the suggestion that alcohol and tranquillizers may be used interchangeably by some individuals, this finding could also be an outcome of doctors' and patients' awareness of the undesirable effects of combining alcohol and tranquillizers.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1982 Dec
PMID:Tranquillizer use in middle-aged British men. 715 75

The significance of extracellular enveloped vaccinia (EEV) for the in vitro and in vivo dissemination of vaccinia virus was investigated. The quantity of in vitro released extracellular virus correlated very closely with the ability of 13 vaccinia strains to cause long-range spread of infection (comet formation) in cell cultures infected at low m.o.i. but was not correlated with plaque size. The kinetics of virus spread after low m.o.i. was related to the amount of virus released from primary infected cells but not to their content of intracellular naked vaccinia (INV). Most extracellular vaccinia virus from IHD-J-infected RK-13 cells banded in CsCl density gradients as EEV (88%) while very little banded as INV (2%). Antisera to the enveloped prevented comet formation while antisera to INV did not. CsCl centrifugation of blood-borne extracellular virus from rabbits infected intravenously with vaccinia virus after cyclophosphamide treatment revealed that 64% of the virus banded as EEV but only 11% as INV. High in vitro EEV-yielding vaccinia strains were able to spread from the respiratory tract to the brains of mice and cause death. Low in vitro EEV-yielding vaccinia strains were generally not able to disseminate in vivo or cause mouse mortality. The notable exception to this trend was strain WR, which, although releasing small amounts of virus in vitro, could nevertheless very effectively disseminate in vivo, causing a high rate of mouse mortality. Treatment with anti-envelope serum protected mice from a lethal vaccinia infection whereas antiserum to inactivated INV did not. These results indicate that the in vitro dissemination of vaccinia infection is mediated by EEV and implicate EEV as having a role in the in vivo dissemination.
J Gen Virol 1980 Sep
PMID:Significance of extracellular enveloped virus in the in vitro and in vivo dissemination of vaccinia. 744 Dec 16

1. The functional effects of the flavonoid luteolin-7-glucoside (LUT) were investigated in Langendorff-rabbit hearts perfused at constant pressure. Repetitive myocardial ischemia was induced by coronary artery ligature and quantified from NADH-fluorescence photography. 2. LUT significantly enhanced left ventricular pressure and the global and relative coronary flow (= global coronary flow/pressure-rate product). 3. LUT significantly diminished epicardial NADH-fluorescence area and intensity. 4. LUT is an inodilator possessing cardioprotective properties. These might be related to an improvement of myocardial perfusion and/or to free radical scavenging properties.
Gen Pharmacol 1994 Oct
PMID:Functional and antiischemic effects of luteolin-7-glucoside in isolated rabbit hearts. 787 36

1. The effects of beraprost sodium (beraprost) on myocardial infarct size in an anesthetized open-chest canine model of regional myocardial ischemia and reperfusion were investigated. 2. Administration of beraprost (300 ng/kg/min, intravenously) to dogs 45 min after left circumflex coronary artery occlusion until 105 min after reperfusion resulted in a significant reduction in infarct size. 3. The values of control and beraprost treated infarct size expressed as a percentage of the total left ventricle were 15 +/- 3% and 4 +/- 2%, respectively. 4. Reperfusion arrhythmia, plasma creatine phosphokinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level were significantly suppressed by treatment with beraprost. 5. By histological examination, beraprost proved to reduce neutrophil migration in the ischemic myocardium after 5 h reperfusion. 6. Therefore, it is suggested that the cytoprotective effect of beraprost during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion may be the consequence of the inhibition of neutrophil migration.
Gen Pharmacol 1994 May
PMID:Beraprost sodium protects occlusion/reperfusion injury in the dog by inhibition of neutrophil migration. 792 86


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 Next >>