Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0151744 (myocardial ischemia)
 31,282 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

(1) Metabolism is the link between myocardial blood flow and physiological performance of the heart. (2) Metabolic myocardial radiopharmaceuticals have the potential to identify metabolic alterations unique to a given intrinsic cardiac disease (e.g. cardiomyopathies), to assess acute metabolic changes or in delineating a specific chronic metabolic defect (e.g. coronary artery disease). (3) Two approaches can be employed to evaluate in vivo myocardial utilization of subtracts: (a) use of radiolabeled "physiologic" substrates e.g. positron emitting 11C-palmitic acid was successfully employed for assessing the in vivo metabolic sequelae of myocardial ischemia, infarction and cardiomyopathies, and (b) use of modified tracers which enter known metabolic pathways. However, because of their unique structure, metabolism of the tracer stops at a certain state thus leaving the radiolabel trapped in the cell, e.g. [18F]FDG for measuring glucose metabolic rate in the human brain and myocardium. (4) Among the radiopharmaceuticals for planar and single photon tomography, the para and the ortho isomers of 123I-phenyl iodoheptadecanoic acids and their beta-methyl derivatives are the most promising tracers for myocardial metabolic studies. (5) Ortho-(123I-phenyl)-pentadecanoic acid (o-IPPA) human myocardial uptake was rapidly and markedly elevated in well perfused segments; myocardial turnover was strikingly prolonged, suggesting some "trapping" phenomenon, resulting in excellent scintigrams. This is in contrast to the relatively shorter clearance of the para isomer from the myocardium. (6) 11C-Palmitic acid and [18F]FDG are the most widely used for PET scanning for following myocardial metabolism. The most important clinical application of these agents is predicting viability of ischemic myocardium. (7) A significant proportion of fixed perfusion defects seen on thallium studies can be demonstrated to be viable myocardium on PET scans using metabolic agents. If the markers of perfusion alone are relied on to assess tissue viability, the extent of salvageable myocardium may be underestimated. The demonstration of myocardial viability is crucial in the decision of the optimal treatment of the disease.
Int J Rad Appl Instrum B 1990
PMID:Radiopharmaceuticals for studying cardiac metabolism. 215 88

In a dog model of myocardial ischemia, i.v. injection of [67Cu]Cu(PTSM) leads to an excellent linear correlation for both the heart and kidney between regional tissue radiocopper concentration and regional blood flow measured by radioactive micropheres. The 62Cu-labeled complex may serve as a generator-produced position-emitting perfusion tracer for these organs.
Int J Rad Appl Instrum B 1989
PMID:Correlation of Cu(PTSM) localization with regional blood flow in the heart and kidney. 261 32

The initial experience with a new 99mTc labelled myocardial perfusion agent, ethoxy methylpropyl isonitrile (EMI), is described in the primate as model. Rapid biliary clearance of EMI ensures low radionuclide concentration in the liver and lungs after 60 min. Adequate visualization of the myocardium is therefore possible. Heart-to-lung and heart-to-liver ratios of 1.52 and 2.45 respectively were obtained. EMI is an efficient imaging agent to evaluate myocardial ischemia and infarction.
Int J Rad Appl Instrum B 1989
PMID:99mTc ethoxy methylpropyl isonitrile: a radioactive tracer for myocardial perfusion imaging. 280 50

Perioperative and postoperative care are critical factors in cardiac catheterization and cardiothoracic surgical procedures. A retrospective analysis of mortality data in cardiovascular catheter and surgical studies performed in domestic juvenile swine (DJS) and Yucatan mini-swine (YMS) was conducted. A total of 529 animals in 35 studies were included in the analysis, which included six study categories: coronary stenting (Stent) and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) alone; Stent and PTCA in combination with ionizing radiation (Stent/Rad, PTCA/Rad); myocardial ischemia (ISCH); and three non-ISCH surgical procedures grouped under "other surgeries" (Other Surg). Casualties were defined as animals that died spontaneously before the assigned termination date. The highest mortality rate occurred in the ISCH group (29.7% +/- 2.2%). Mortality of the Stent/Rad animals (26.1% +/- 6.3%) was significantly higher than those in the Stent and PTCA groups (12.1% +/- 3.1% and 7.9% +/- 3.2%; P< 0.05 for both). Similarly, mortality in the ISCH group was significantly higher than that in the Stent, PTCA, or Other Surg animals (29.7% +/- 2.2% versus 12.1% +/- 3.1%, 7.9% +/- 3.2%, and 3.0% +/- 3.0%, respectively; P< 0.05 for all comparisons). We did not observe differences between YMS and DJS. Most casualties in the ISCH group took place during weeks 1 (28.0% +/- 8.4%) and 4 (29.3% +/- 6.2%) after placement of the coronary ameroid constrictor. The majority of animals in the Stent/Rad and PTCA/Rad groups died within 1 week after the procedure (67.7% +/- 12.8% and 79.3% +/- 12.5%, respectively). We conclude that radiation therapy used in combination with stenting increases the mortality rate of this catheter-based procedure. Animals subjected to ISCH or a transcatheter procedure in combination with ionizing radiation should be monitored closely during the perioperative period to prevent unacceptably high mortality rates.
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PMID:Mortality rates of interventional and surgical procedures performed in domestic juvenile farm pigs and Yucatan mini-pigs. 1976 Aug 32