Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0151744 (myocardial ischemia)
 31,282 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a study carried out on over 700 patients with three different manifestations of aterosclerosis (cerebrovascular, coronary and peripheral), we could not find any statistically significant difference between the total cholesterol and triglyceride concentration in these three groups. Also, there was o difference in cholesterol and triglyceride levels between these three groups and 200 normal subjects. The same held true when we compared a selected group of 76 patients with ischaemic heart disease who had no other risk factor, with a group of 80 control subjects. On the contrary, when we compared several fractions of serum lipoproteins and the ratios of apolipoprotein A to Apolipoprotein B, LDL Cholesterol to HDL Cholesterol, and total Cholesterol to HDL Cholesterol of the two groups, the differences were statistically significant. We conclude that when other risk factors are excluded, the protein component, rather than the lipid component of the plasma lipoproteins correlates the presence of coronary artery disease.
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PMID:[Various lipoprotein fractions and their relation to ischemic heart disease]. 688 50

We have compared the concentrations of serum lipoprotein apoproteins in 55 ischaemic heart disease (IHD) patients and 116 apparently healthy control subjects by a simple, precise and reasonably sensitive "rocket" electroimmunoassay technique. Apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein C levels in the vaery low density lipoprotein class and apolipoprotein B in the low density lipoprotein class were significantly lower IHD patients than in control subjects (p < 0.001). Apolipoprotein A levels within high density lipoproteins were markedly lower in a subpopulation of IHD patients compared with age-and sex-matched controls (p < 0.05). Using levels in excess of the 95th percentile of the levels in the healthy control population to delineate "abnormalities", we showed that there were more patients with "abnormalities" when lipoprotein apoprotein measurements were considered than when lipoprotein lipids were considered. The positive correlations between lipoprotein lipids and their apoproteins were in most instances greater in IHD patients than in controls.
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PMID:Comparative serum apolipoprotein studies in ischaemic heart disease and control subjects. 747 Feb 45

With a purpose to study the state of platelet haemostasis and vasoactive prostanoids system 78 patients with ischemic heart disease aged 28 to 59 years were examined. Among them there were 22 patients with "isolated" hypo-alpha-cholesterolemia and 14 patients who had hypo-alpha-cholesterolemia combined with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). The data obtained show that hypo-alpha-cholesterolemia is accompanied by platelet disorders aggravation and characterized by activated platelet percentage growth. There is a reverse relationship between alpha-cholesterol plasma level and activated platelet percentage (r = -0.52). There is a direct relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol plasma level and concentration of stable prostacyclin metabolite (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) in plasma (r = 0.64). Hypo-alpha-cholesterolemia in combination with HTG is characterized by more significant disorders in prostacyclin-thromboxane system consisting in an increase of plasma thromboxane system consisting in an increase of plasma thromboxane A2 concentration (p < 0.001) and a decrease of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha plasma level (p < 0.05). An inverse apolipoprotein A-1 plasma level (r = -0.48) has been revealed in the group of patients who had hypo-alpha-cholesterolemia combined with HTG.
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PMID:[Thrombocytic hemostasis and the system of vasoactive prostanoids in IHD patients with hypoalphacholesterolemia]. 766 87

Apolipoproteins and lipids are established risk factors of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) but their efficacy as screening tests is not known. We therefore examined the mortality from IHD and serum concentrations of lipids and apolipoproteins in a prospective study of 21,520 men aged 35-64 years. Serum apo B was the apolipoprotein most strongly associated with IHD risk; a decrease in apo B of 10% was associated with 22% lower risk of IHD. However, measurement of apo B alone detected only 17% of all IHD deaths at the cost of a 5% false-positive rate. Combining apo B with apo AI and apo (a) increased the detection rate to 19%. With systolic blood pressure, smoking, and family history of IHD the detection rate increased to 28%. We conclude that screening for IHD by measuring apo B alone or with apo AI and apo (a) is too poor to discriminate between recommending drug therapy or lifestyle change for some and not others. It is not advisable to screen for IHD by measuring any combination of cholesterol, apo B, apo AI, apo (a) and the other risk factors. The primary aim in prevention of ischaemic heart disease should be to lower the risk factors in the population.
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PMID:Apolipoproteins and ischaemic heart disease: implications for screening. 790 29

Obesity frequently clusters with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and ischemic heart disease with hyperinsulinemia as syndrome X. Although central obesity has been recognized to have a strong genetic component, few candidate genes have been studied in this disorder. After a recently described association between the apolipoprotein-D (Apo-D) gene polymorphism and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus by our group, we have now looked at a TaqI polymorphism of the Apo-D gene in two other components of syndrome X, namely obesity and hyperinsulinemia. Apo-D genotype differences were found between obese subjects (n = 57) and slim controls (n = 57; P = 0.006). Furthermore, in the obese group an association was found between the Apo-D genotype and fasting insulin (P < 0.001). Preliminary evidence, therefore, suggests that the TaqI Apo-D polymorphism can be used as a genetic marker for obesity and several components of syndrome X.
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PMID:Apolipoprotein-D polymorphism: a genetic marker for obesity and hyperinsulinemia. 791 35

We examined the acute and long-term effects of coronary artery bypass (CABG) surgery on serum lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein levels. One series of 34 patients having CABG surgery was studied pre-operatively and for six weeks afterwards, and another 22 patients were investigated before and two years after CABG surgery. None of the patients studied received any lipid-lowering drug therapy or specific dietary advice. In both groups, pre-operative serum lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) and serum triglyceride concentrations were raised and serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI (apo AI) were low compared to healthy people. Acutely, there were profound decreases of 40-60% in the serum levels of cholesterol (p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.05), triglycerides (p < 0.01), Lp(a) (p < 0.05) and apolipoprotein B (apo B) (p < 0.05). There was a small decrease in serum apo A1 (p < 0.05), and serum HDL cholesterol showed no change. All these variables regained their pre-operative values within six weeks. Two years postoperatively, serum Lpa was 40% less than its pre-operative concentration (p < 0.001) and HDL cholesterol had increased (p < 0.001). Triglyceride levels decreased (p < 0.02) when beta-blockade was withdrawn. The long-term decrease in Lp(a) following surgery is unlikely to be due either to stopping beta-blockers or to life-style changes. Myocardial ischaemia relieved by the operation may have been partially responsible for its previously raised concentration.
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PMID:A prospective study of serum lipoproteins after coronary artery bypass surgery. 795 2

A total of 3025 families with school children aged six to eight years were offered pilot screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia by measurement of the concentration of apolipoproteins A-1 and B in the children's capillary blood and by analysis of their family histories of early ischaemic heart disease. The concentrations of the apolipoproteins were determined by double rocket immunoelectrophoresis of an eluate of blood spotted on filter paper. Results were available from 2085 children. Because their B:A-1 ratio was above the 97.5 centile and their concentration of B was above the 99th centile, 54 children (2.6%) were selected to have their apolipoprotein concentrations reassessed. The 17 children (0.8%) whose values were persistently above the chosen cut-off points, and all of their available first and second degree relatives, had fasting determinations of serum lipid concentrations carried out. Raised serum concentrations of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and an autosomal dominant pattern of hypercholesterolaemia were found in respectively 12 children and 10 families, suggesting a higher incidence of familial hypercholesterolaemia than the reported 1:500. Further investigations among family members disclosed hypercholesterolaemia in 29 relatives. A family history of early ischaemic heart disease was elicited by questionnaire, and was positive in only five of the 12 school children with hypercholesterolaemia. We conclude that analysis of apolipoproteins from capillary blood spotted on filter paper is suitable for screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia, and that this method is more efficient than screening based on family history.
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PMID:[Screening of school children for familial hypercholesterolemia]. 800 90

Sixty-two elderly men with coronary heart disease (CHD), 54 of them also suffering from hyperlipidemia, were treated with a new oral androgenic preparation (Andriol) through crossover study. The results showed that after oral Andriol administration for one month, serum estradiol/testosterone (E2/T) ratio was reduced, (P < 0.05) symptom of angina pectoris was relieved (total effective rate, 77.4%), signs of myocardial ischemia in ECG and Holter monitoring were improved (total effective rate, 68.8% and 75% respectively), serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were reduced dramatically (both P < 0.001) and the serum level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-ch) was increased (P < 0.05), but the blood levels of apolipoprotein-AI (APO-AI) and B (APO-B) remained unchanged. No significant side effect of Andriol was observed.
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PMID:[Antianginal and lipid lowering effects of oral androgenic preparation (Andriol) on elderly male patients with coronary heart disease]. 815 48

Lipoprotein (a) is a subspecies of low-density lipoprotein which possesses as part of its protein moiety a mutant form of plasminogen termed apolipoprotein (a), and which may be closely related to the risk of ischaemic heart disease and cerebral infarction. We have investigated the serum concentrations of lipoprotein (a) and other lipoproteins in 24 male patients on CAPD and compared them to healthy men (n = 100) and to age-matched healthy controls (n = 38). The most striking finding was a substantial elevation of serum lipoprotein (a) in CAPD patients in whom it was 46.9 (2.2-168) mg/dl (median and range) compared to 9.0 (< 0.6-87.4) mg/dl in healthy control group and 6.7 (< 0.6-84.2) mg/dl in age-matched controls (both P < 0.001). Patients, when compared to healthy men, also had significantly increased serum triglycerides (median and range, 1.94 (0.55-8.00) versus 1.24 (0.36-4.40) mmol/l; P < 0.001), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (median and range, 0.98 (0.10-3.71) versus 0.46 (0.10-1.17) mmol/l; P < 0.001), and lower-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mean +/- 1 SD, 1.26 +/- 0.29 versus 1.35 +/- 0.31 mmol/l). Of these, however, only the difference in very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol remained statistically significant (P < 0.001) in comparison to age-matched controls. The marked elevation of serum lipoprotein (a) in patients on CAPD may be due to increased hepatic synthesis as a consequence of the substantial amounts of plasma proteins lost in the dialysate. Elevated serum lipoprotein (a) concentrations in CAPD patients may contribute to their risk of coronary artery disease.
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PMID:Serum lipoprotein (a) concentrations in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. 838 41

The apolipoprotein (apo) E4 polymorphism is associated with increased risk for symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). This study examines whether the apo epsilon allele is associated with an increased risk for exercise-induced silent myocardial ischemia (SI) in healthy, older (62 +/- 7 years; mean +/- SD), normocholesterolemic, nonsmoking male volunteers. The apo epsilon 4 allele was present in 20 of 45 (44%) men with SI on graded exercise treadmill testing compared with 22 of 127 (17%) men of comparable age with normal exercise tests (P < .001), resulting in a crude relative risk of 2.57 (95% confidence limits, 1.57 to 4.23) for SI in men with the apo epsilon 4 allele compared with those without the epsilon 4 allele. Although the lipoprotein lipid levels did not differ between men with normal exercise tests and those with SI, the men with the apoE 4/3 phenotype had higher total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels than those with the apoE 2/3 and 3/3 phenotypes (P < .05). Men with SI and the apoE 4/3 phenotype were older (64 +/- 5 versus 57 +/- 8 years, P < .01) and leaner (P < .01) than the normal non-SI men with the apoE 4/3 phenotype. The older age of the men with SI and the apoE 4/3 phenotype is consistent with a progression of atherosclerosis over time. Men with SI and the apoE 3/3 phenotype were of comparable age and body composition to apoE 3/3 phenotype men with normal exercise tests. Thus, even in the presence of normal LDL-C levels, the apo epsilon 4 allele may predispose older men to SI.
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PMID:ApoE4 polymorphism increases the risk for exercise-induced silent myocardial ischemia in older men. 839 87


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