Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0151744 (myocardial ischemia)
 31,282 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to assess mortality patterns of Japanese physicians, the mortality during a 12 year period (July 1978-June 1990) among male members of the Chiba Medical Association was studied. The overall mortality among physicians was significantly lower than the general male population in Chiba prefecture (standardized mortality ratio [SMR] = 0.69). Physicians were found to have lower cause-specific mortality from cancer (SMR = 0.71), cerebrovascular disease (SMR = 0.42), pneumonia and bronchitis (SMR = 0.63), accidents (SMR = 0.37), and suicide (SMR = 0.29) than the general population, but to have higher mortality from senility (SMR = 1.75). When compared to the total working population and the professional and technical workers, all-cause mortality for physicians did not differ. Mortality from ischemic heart disease was significantly higher during 1979-1983, but was similar during 1984-1988. Analysis by specialty showed that during 1979-1983 internal medicine physicians had a lower mortality than surgeons, but this reversed during 1984-1988 with the former having a higher mortality than the latter. Over the whole period, no difference in mortality existed between internists and surgeons. A cohort of 2,502 male members that is being followed, showed that the mortality of physicians was lower than the general population. However, no significant difference between the internists and surgeons was observed in both overall and major cause-specific mortality.
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PMID:[A study of mortality among male physicians in Chiba prefecture]. 159 89

A retrospective cohort study of 14,457 workers at an aircraft maintenance facility was undertaken to evaluate mortality associated with exposures in their workplace. The purpose was to determine whether working with solvents, particularly trichloroethylene, posed any excess risk of mortality. The study group consisted of all civilian employees who worked for at least one year at Hill Air Force Base, Utah, between 1 January 1952 and 31 December 1956. Work histories were obtained from records at the National Personnel Records Centre, St. Louis, Missouri, and the cohort was followed up for ascertainment of vital state until 31 December 1982. Observed deaths among white people were compared with the expected number of deaths, based on the Utah white population, and adjusted for age, sex, and calendar period. Significant deficits occurred for mortality from all causes (SMR 92, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 90-95), all malignant neoplasms (SMR 90, 95% CI 83-97), ischaemic heart disease (SMR 93, 95% CI 88-98), non-malignant respiratory disease (SMR 87, 95% CI 76-98), and accidents (SMR 61, 95% CI 52-70). Mortality was raised for multiple myeloma (MM) in white women (SMR 236, 95% CI 87-514), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in white women (SMR 212, 95% CI 102-390), and cancer of the biliary passages and liver in white men dying after 1980 (SMR 358, 95% CI 116-836). Detailed analysis of the 6929 employees occupationally exposed to trichloroethylene, the most widely used solvent at the base during the 1950s and 1960s, did not show any significant or persuasive association between several measures of exposure to trichloroethylene and any excess of cancer. Women employed in departments in which fabric cleaning and parachute repair operations were performed had more deaths than expected from MM and NHL. The inconsistent mortality patterns by sex, multiple and overlapping exposures, and small numbers made it difficult to ascribe these excesses to any particular substance. Hypothesis generating results are presented by a variety of exposures for causes of death not showing excesses in the overall cohort.
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PMID:Retrospective cohort mortality study of workers at an aircraft maintenance facility. I. Epidemiological results. 187 8

A cohort of 1455 sea pilots and boatmen employed after 1921 was established. Those identified and alive in 1951 (n = 1323) were linked to the Swedish cause of death register 1951-84. In 21 352 person-years 383 deaths were observed among sea pilots compared with 379.3 expected (SMR = 101;95% CI between 99 and 112) and in 12,127 person-years the observed number of deaths among boatmen was 136, expected 135.9 (SMR = 100) when Swedish men were used as a reference population. For ischaemic heart disease (IHD) (ICD-8: 410-414) the SMR was equal to 96 (obs = 131, exp = 137.2) for sea pilots and 91 (obs = 44, exp = 48.4) for boatmen. No trend over time or geographical differences could be observed. A healthy worker effect could not explain why there was no excess mortality from IHD.
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PMID:Mortality from circulatory diseases, especially ischaemic heart disease in sea pilots and boatmen in Sweden 1951-84: a retrospective cohort study. 231 Jul 16

To study whether exposure to low levels of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) causes increased risk for cancer morbidity and death from ischemic heart disease, a cohort study was performed among 2,031 male workers at a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) processing plant who had been employed for at least 3 months during the period 1945-1980. An almost significantly increased total mortality (SMR = 116, 95% CI 99-136) was found. Deaths caused by violence or intoxication were significantly increased (SMR = 153, 95% CI 109-213), but not deaths from ischemic heart disease (SMR = 100, 95% CI 73-135). A significant increase in total cancer morbidity was observed (SMR = 128, 95% CI 101-161). Respiratory cancers were significantly increased (SMR = 213, 95% CI 127-346). Furthermore, six brain tumors (vs. 2.6 expected) were observed. This increase, however, was not significant (SMR = 229, 95% CI 84-498). No liver hemangiosarcoma was observed. Applying a latency period of greater than or equal to 10 years from start of employment did not change the risk patterns. There were no significant exposure-response associations between exposure estimates for VCM, asbestos, and plasticizers and cancer morbidity.
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PMID:Mortality and cancer morbidity in workers exposed to low levels of vinyl chloride monomer at a polyvinyl chloride processing plant. 233 81

In an attempt to address previously reported excesses of ischaemic heart disease (IHD), lung cancer and bladder cancer among professional drivers, the mortality (SMR) of 2134 Montreal city bus drivers employed for at least five years as of January 1962 and followed until 31 December 1985 was compared with that of the male population of greater Montreal. The vital status of 94% of the cohort was ascertained. The number of deaths observed was 804. The overall mortality was somewhat lower than expected (SMR = 97). A small, non-significant excess mortality was found for ischaemic heart disease (IHD) (O/E = 313/295, SMR = 106, 95% CI: 95-118) and circulatory system diseases (O/E = 441/405, SMR = 109, 95% CI: 99-119). However, no excesses were observed for lung cancer (O/E = 78/84.4, SMR = 92, 95% CI: 73-114) or bladder cancer (O/E = 4/7.4, SMR = 54, 95% CI: 15-138). These results are compatible with other studies which have found a small risk of IHD for bus drivers.
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PMID:Mortality in a historical cohort of bus drivers. 247 46

A retrospective cohort study was performed to determine the cause of death among 5923 farmers in Iceland. Information on deaths occurring between 1977 and 1985 was obtained through the Statistical Bureau of Iceland. The vital status could be ascertained for all subjects in the study. Expected death rates were calculated, based on the national rates for males in the corresponding age groups and calendar years. The number of deaths from all causes, malignant neoplasms, lung cancer, ischaemic heart disease, respiratory diseases and accidents was less than expected in the total cohort and in nearly all subcohorts. There was no statistically significant excess risk, however: SMR for skin cancer was 2.30, SMR for Hodgkin's disease was 1.71, for leukaemia SMR was 1.60, and for brain cancer SMR was 1.23 in the total cohort. The results are in agreement with those of most previous studies of farmers, but because of the short follow-up time, the excess risk found for deaths from skin and haematological malignancies did not reach statistical significance. Further follow-up is planned in the future.
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PMID:Mortality among farmers in Iceland. 272 58

The cohort of viscose rayon workers previously described by Tiller et al has been reconstructed and followed up to the end of 1982. The pattern of mortality at ages 45 to 64 for the extended period 1950-82 is similar to that described by Tiller et al for 1950-64. The spinners, the workers most heavily exposed to carbon disulphide, have a significantly higher mortality from all causes than the least exposed group. The excess mortality is largely accounted for by ischaemic heart disease (IHD) for which the spinners have an SMR of 172. When mortality is related to an exposure score in the same group, both all cause (p less than 0.01) and IHD (p less than 0.001) mortality increase with increasing exposure level. When this analysis is repeated covering all ages these trends become much less strong and only that for IHD remains significant (p less than 0.05). Over the age of 65 there is a tendency for mortality to decline with increasing exposure. This is contrary to expectation under the usual hypothesis that carbon disulphide promotes atherosclerosis. Instead it suggests that carbon disulphide has some type of reversible, direct cardiotoxic or thrombotic effect. This is supported by the findings that there is a strong trend (p less than 0.01) for IHD mortality to increase with increasing exposure in the previous two years. Further, both IHD (p less than 0.001) and total (p less than 0.01) mortality show highly significant trends with exposure among current workers but no such trends among workers who have left the industry.
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PMID:Exposure to carbon disulphide and ischaemic heart disease in a viscose rayon factory. 356 96

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to examine mortality among 18,811 male farm owners and operators in New York State from 1973-1984. Farm Bureau membership lists were used to identify the study population, and vital status was determined through record linkage with death certificate and motor vehicle files. The comparison group consisted of the 1980 United States Census population of men who resided in the same towns as did the farmers. The results indicated that the study cohort experienced fewer than the expected numbers of deaths overall and for each major cause category except accidents. Specific causes with significant mortality deficits included cancer of the lung (standardized mortality ratio [SMR] = 47.0); diabetes mellitus (SMR = 57.5); ischemic heart disease (SMR = 65.3); bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma (SMR = 26.7); and cirrhosis of the liver (SMR = 29.7). The only specific cause with a significantly elevated mortality was accidents other than motor vehicle (SMR = 146.5). The investigation differs from previous research in method, setting, and population, but the pattern of findings is generally consistent with that of other studies.
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PMID:A retrospective cohort study of mortality among New York State Farm Bureau members. 366 7

Mortality among workers in the Finnish pulp and paper industry was evaluated in a retrospective cohort study of 3520 workers who had been employed continuously for at least one year between 1945 and 1961. Six subcohorts were formed according to six work areas: sulphite, sulphate, paper, and board mills, maintenance department, and power plant. National mortality rates were used for comparison. The mortality of a cohort of 1290 sawmill workers was also studied in order to have a socially, geographically, and occupationally similar group without the exposures typical of the pulp and paper industry for comparison. Smoking habits were surveyed. Mortality was followed up until 31 December 1981. Overall mortality for the entire cohort did not differ from that expected (1044 obs, 1029.4 exp, SMR 101), but there was an excess of deaths from diseases of the circulatory system among the men (489 obs, 404.9 exp, SMR 121). This was due to the excess of deaths from ischaemic heart disease found among the men at the sulphite, sulphate, and paper mills, maintenance department, and power plant, but not at the sawmill. The existing smoking data did not explain this finding and it may therefore be associated with occupational exposures.
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PMID:A mortality study of Finnish pulp and paper workers. 366 25

To assess patterns of mortality in Japanese medical practitioners, we compared the mortality of male physicians in a Japanese prefecture with that of eight major working populations, the nonworking population, and the general population of all Japan and of the prefecture. Standardized mortality ratios were calculated. All-causes mortality in medical practitioners aged 25-64 years was significantly higher than that of administrative and managing workers (standardized mortality ratio [SMR] = 228); it was significantly lower than that of the nonworking population (SMR = 23). Physicians were found to have higher cause-specific mortality for pneumonia and bronchitis and for ischemic heart disease than the total working population. These findings suggest that the previously reported low mortality of physicians reflects principally their high socioeconomic status; within the professional class, the mortality of medical practitioners compares unfavorably with that of other persons.
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PMID:Mortality of medical practitioners in Japan: social class and the "healthy worker effect". 374 69


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