Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0151744 (myocardial ischemia)
 31,282 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Analgesic nephropathy is part of a wider clinical syndrome associated with the abuse of APC compounds, that is, a minimum total intake of 2 kg of aspirin or phenacetin. Ischaemic heart disease and premature aging are newly recognized aspects of the analgesic syndrome. The diagnosis of analgesic nephropathy can be made precisely by the radiological demonstration of renal papillary necrosis. The most important aspect of management of established analgesic nephropathy and renal insufficency is total avoidance of all non-steroid antiinflammatory agents and this is commonly associated with stabilization or improvement in renal function. In the APC mixture, aspirin appears to be the major nephrotoxic agent while phenacetin and paracetamol play a secondary and synergistic role in the nephrotoxicity.
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PMID:Analgesic nephropathy. 108 2

Venous occlusion (VO) during which thrombin (Th) is postulated to be generated is routinely used for evaluation of fibrinolytic potential of endothelium (E). This study was performed to find out whether VO can also be used for assessment of anticoagulant function of E. VO was performed in 98 male patients (pts) with ischemic heart disease. Levels of protein C (PrC) which is related to Th binding by thrombomodulin and fibrinopeptide A (FpA)--a marker of presence of free Th--were determined together with some other factors of coagulation and fibrinolysis. Differences between pre- and postVO PrC levels fluctuated from -54.8% to +57.3%. According to reaction of PrC to VO pts were divided into 2 groups: 13 pts with increase or no change and 17 pts with decrease (consumption) of PrC. In pts without PrC consumption there was a significant increase in FpA. In pts with PrC consumption FpA was unchanged. In pts with PrC consumption exceeding its median value for this group (14%) PAI-1 antigen level fell significantly (-8.4 + 4%) during VO. Thus PrC consumption after VO indicates that TH is effectively removed from blood stream by endothelial factors. Absence of consumption of PrC is a sign of ineffective anticoagulant function of E. Increase in PrC level during VO in some pts may be due to its escape from tissue depot.
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PMID:[The anticoagulant properties of the endothelium studied by the standard venous occlusion test]. 129 87

Recent epidemiologic studies found that there is a strong association of hemostatic factors with ischemic heart disease. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Intraindividual Variability (IIV) Study was conducted to estimate the various components of variation in hemostasis factors measured in the ARIC Study and to estimate the measures of repeatability of these factors. A total of 39 subjects (16 men, 23 women) were studied. Each had blood collected three times, with a 1- to 2-week interval between each visit. The contributions of between-person variability, within-person (biologic) variability, and processing and assay variability were estimated. Then the reliability coefficient R was estimated as the proportion of total variance accounted for by between-person variance. The reliability coefficient can be interpreted as the correlation between measures made at repeat visits. Among the various analytes, the reliability coefficients were quite high for activated partial thromboplastin time and plasma factor VIII (R = 0.92, 0.86, respectively). Low repeatability was obtained for antithrombin III activity and protein C (R = 0.42, 0.56, respectively). The lack of repeatability for these variables derives mostly from the processing (field center and laboratory) variation. Other analytes--fibrinogen, plasma factor VII, and von Willebrand factor--were intermediate in repeatability. In comparing the analyte-specific high-level to low-level groups, no substantial difference of within-person plus method coefficient of variation between the two groups was found for any analyte except for factor VIII, whereas the corresponding variance components for most analytes were higher for the higher analyte level. Reliability coefficients from this ARIC IIV study are generally higher than those found in other studies, and this is related to the relative variations in populations studied and to the time between measurements.
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PMID:Short-term intraindividual variability in hemostasis factors. The ARIC Study. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Intraindividual Variability Study. 134 24

The effect on plasma antithrombin III (AT III) and protein C on a supplement with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA's) was investigated in a double-blind study in 36 patients with stable angina pectoris. All participants were given a supplement to their normal diets of vegetable oil (4.8 g n-6 PUFA's) for 4 weeks and were then randomized to the same oil or to fish oil (4.8 g n-3 PUFA's) for 12 weeks. Both oil supplements resulted in a statistically significant decrease in AT III activity, but there were no differences between the two different types of PUFA's. Antithrombin III antigen, protein C antigen or activity did not change significantly after either oil supplement. The background and significance for the decrease in antithrombin III activity induced by n-3 and n-6 PUFA's in patients with ischaemic heart disease is unknown.
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PMID:Antithrombin III and protein C in stable angina pectoris--influence of dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids. 306 Sep 87

Protein C and fibrinopeptide A (FpA) levels in plasma were measured in 30 controls and in two groups of patients with angina. The first group was formed by 27 patients suffering from spontaneous ischemic attacks (active angina). The second one was formed by patients who had previously suffered from angina, but were free from myocardial ischemic attacks for at least one month (inactive angina). Protein C (measured by electroimmunoassay) and FpA (radioimmunoassay) were higher than controls in both groups but were significantly higher in patients with active angina than in patients with inactive angina. A clear trend toward a linear correlation existed between protein C and FpA levels, though it did not reach the statistical significance. These results confirm a significant involvement of blood clotting system in ischemic heart disease and specially in active angina.
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PMID:Increased protein C and fibrinopeptide A concentration in patients with angina. 341 18

Protein C, an antithrombotic protein, was measured immunologically in 299 patients with clinical conditions associated with a high frequency of venous or arterial thromboembolism. The mean protein C antigen (PC:Ag) level was high for 48 patients with ischemic heart disease and, to a lesser extent, for 95 diabetics. In 28 patients with thrombotic strokes, 48 patients with proximal deep-vein thrombosis and in 80 patients with localized or metastatic tumors, mean PC:Ag was normal. Comparison of the pattern of changes of PC:Ag levels with those of fibrinogen, orosomucoid and prothrombin in 21 patients during the postoperative period and in 20 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis ruled out the possibility that high PC:Ag is non-specific, acute-phase reaction to inflammation, tissue injury or neoplastic growth. Therefore, high PC:Ag might be specifically related to the thrombotic tendency of these patients, but the mechanism of such a relationship remains to be clarified.
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PMID:Protein C antigen is not an acute phase reactant and is often high in ischemic heart disease and diabetes. 654 16

Fatty fish was included for 7 months into diet of 11 male patients with early stages of ischemic heart disease. Effects of this diet modification on serum fatty acids, lipids and some variables of hemostasis were studied. After control period, patients ate 120-160 g/day of canned Pacific sardine (about 5 g omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) per day. Two patients refused to participate after 2 months and 1 was lost for follow-up. After 7 months of diet, the proportion of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in blood lipids increased from 0.67 + 0.26 to 4.7 + 1.5% (p < 0.015) and of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from 2.3 + 1.1 to 4.3 + 1.1% (p < 0.015). Ratio of EPA to arachidonic acid (AA) rose from 0.1 + 0.02 to 0.9 + 0.4 (p < 0.015). Mean serum triglyceride concentration fell after first month from 179.5 + 79.0 to 99.1 + 30.0 mg/dl (p < 0.015) and remained at this level throughout the study. No significant changes were observed in serum total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Plasma activities of tissue-type plasminogen activator inhibitor, contents of plasminogen, alpha 2-antiplasmin, antithrombin III and protein C also did not change. Plasma fibrinogen moderately decreased. Its decrease became statistically significant at month 5 (from 3.8 + 0.5 to 3.0 + 0.7, p = 0.021). Thus, the regimen used in this study led to a substantial and steady increase in plasma EPA, DHA and EPA/AA ratio. This was accompanied by sustained decrease in plasma triglycerides. There were no profibrinolytic changes in the parameters studied.
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PMID:[The effect of the long-term use of a diet enriched with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the fatty acid composition, fibrinolytic system indices and lipid spectrum of the blood in patients with ischemic heart disease]. 813 73

Hemostasis was assessed in 115 steady-state heart transplant recipients (HTRs) and compared with that of 23 age-matched healthy controls and 21 age-matched patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Compared with the controls, the HTRs had increased levels of fibrinogen (mean and 95% confidence limits of 4.50 [4.32-4.68] g/L versus 3.47 [3.07-3.87] g/L, P < 0.001), factor VIIC (1.16 [0.98-1.21] IU/ml versus 0.99 [0.89-1.10] IU/ml, P < 0.001), and von Willebrand factor antigen (1.72 [1.58-1.88] IU/ml versus 1.00 [0.80-1.26] IU/ml, P < 0.001). HTRs had increased antithrombin III activity (P = 0.002) and protein C activity (P = 0.002), with a decrease in total protein S levels (P < 0.001) but no change in free protein S levels. Stepwise discriminant analysis of hemostatic variables showed that fibrinogen was the best discriminator of the three groups, classifying 55.6% of HTR, 40% of IHD, and 66.7% of the controls. More marked prothrombotic changes were found in HTRs transplanted for IHD than for other causes; this reached significance for prothrombin (P = 0.048), factor IX (P = 0.003), and poor fibrinolytic activity as measured by euglobulin clot lysis time (P = 0.008). The HTRs with accelerated coronary sclerosis (ACS) tended to have the most prothrombotic changes; this reached significance with factor IX (P = 0.03). In conclusion, HTRs have perturbed hemostasis; the net effects of these changes are prothrombotic. The relationship between prothrombotic changes and ACS merits further studies.
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PMID:Hemostatic changes in heart transplant recipients and their relationship to accelerated coronary sclerosis. 843 82

Protein C is a circulating glycoprotein with anticoagulant properties. Functional and immunological levels of protein C were determined in 34 cases of ischaemic heart disease and 12 healthy age-matched controls. The sensitive colorimetric assay was used to determine the functional levels and ELISA for antigenic levels. Mean protein C activity and antigenic levels were found to be elevated in these patients as compared to controls. Protein C levels in the three individual subgroups-acute myocardial infarction, previous myocardial infarction and chronic stable angina pectoris-were also raised as compared to controls. The elevation was significant in the case of the acute myocardial infarction group. These results further support the hypothesis that the body synthesises increased amounts of protein C in ischaemic heart disease to compensate for the hypercoagulable state that exists in this disorder, thus playing a protective role.
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PMID:Protein C levels in ischaemic heart disease. 868 50

A point mutation in the factor V gene (FV Q506) renders factor V resistant to inactivation by activated protein C. The frequency of this mutation is known to be significantly increased in patients with thrombophilia. There are conflicting reports on the significance of the polymorphism in patients with ischaemic heart disease. We determined the frequency of FV Q506 in a control Caucasian population, and compared it with 192 Caucasian patients admitted to coronary care and assessed as having myocardial infarction (MI) or unstable angina plus previous MI. There was no significant difference between the two groups. A cohort of 105 asymptomatic Afro-Caribbeans showed a much reduced frequency of the polymorphism.
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PMID:Factor V Leiden polymorphism (FV Q506) in patients with ischaemic heart disease, and in different populations groups. 887 15


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