Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0151744 (myocardial ischemia)
 31,282 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between 1978 and 1983, 72 patients aged 70 years or older (median 72, range 70-80) were treated for biopsy-proven, small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Intercurrent disorders were common, including ischaemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic airflow limitation and second malignancies. 26 patients (36%) had limited extent of disease, and 46 (64%) had extensive disease. "Intensive" chemotherapy incorporating vincristine, cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin (OCA regimen) was administered to 32 patients [complete response (CR) + partial response (PR) = 84%]; less rigorous regimens (e.g. single agent chemotherapy, planned dose reductions, radiotherapy only) were used in 34 cases (CR + PR = 52%); and 6 received no active treatment. In the intensively treated group, there were 3 treatment-related deaths and 26 episodes of WHO grade 3-4 toxicity. In the less intensively treated group, there were no treatment-induced deaths and only 1 episode of severe toxicity. The overall median survival was 25 weeks (36 weeks for intensive treatment, 16 weeks with less intense treatment). For patients with limited disease only, the median survival in each group was 43 and 26 weeks, respectively. Intensive treatment for elderly patients with small cell lung cancer is associated with substantially increased toxicity and higher response rates than for gentle treatment, but without a major survival benefit.
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PMID:Retrospective review of chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer in the elderly: does the end justify the means? 166 17

Despite 200 years of efforts to regulate safety in this occupation, chimney sweeps have increased mortality from cancer, ischaemic heart disease, and respiratory disease. Mortality and incidence of cancer were examined in a cohort of 5542 Swedish chimney sweeps employed through their national trade union at any time between 1918 and 1980. Previous studies of this cohort found increased risks of ischaemic heart disease, respiratory disease, accidental deaths, and various neoplasms. By increasing follow up, we sought to increase the power of the study and examine disease time trends. Mortality analysis was extended 7.5 years to cover the period 1951-90; cancer incidence analysis was extended six years to cover the period 1958-87. New findings include increased incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (SMR 169, 95% CI 106-256, 22 observed) and increased incidence of total haematolymphatic cancers (SIR 151, 95% CI 106-209, 36 observed). When only the most recent follow up period was analysed, previously observed risks persisted for total lung cancer (SIR 178, 95% CI 99-293), oat cell lung cancer (SIR 240, 95% CI 103-472), bladder cancer (SIR 247, 95% CI 131-422), and oesophageal cancer (Obs/Exp = 2/1.1). Mortality from ischaemic heart disease (SMR 98, 95% CI 76-123) and respiratory disease (SMR 111, 95% CI 56-199) declined during recent follow up, although significant excess mortality remained during analysis of the entire study period (ischaemic heart disease SMR 128, 95% CI 112-145; respiratory disease SMR 159, 95% CI 115-213). In analyses of the entire study period, risks of ischaemic heart disease and lung, bladder, and oesophageal cancer were adjusted for smoking; oesophageal cancer was also adjusted for use of alcohol. All risks remained significantly raised. Exposure-response analyses showed significant positive associations between duration of employment and risks for mortality from lung, oesophageal, and total cancer. Chimney sweeps remain at increased risk for cancers of the lung, oesophagus, and bladder. Our study supports a casual role for exposure to chimney soot, which contains carcinogens including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Extended follow up of this cohort now shows increased risks of prostate and haematolymphatic cancers.
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PMID:Mortality and incidence of cancer in a cohort of Swedish chimney sweeps: an extended follow up study. 850 98

A study was conducted to examine the feasibility of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in elderly patients (> or = 75 years old) with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Thirty-four patients were enrolled between September 1993 and December 1994. Patients with normal organ function and good performance status (PS) received cisplatin-based chemotherapy (cisplatin 80 mg/m2 on day 1 and vindesine 3 mg/m2 on days 2 and 8 for NSCLC, or cisplatin 80 mg/m2 on day 1 and etoposide 100 mg/m2 on days 2 to 4 for SCLC). Ten patients (29%) were eligible for this study, 7 with NSCLC and 3 with SCLC. Reasons for exclusion were ischemic heart disease in 14, poor PS (> or = 2) in 11, reduced creatinine clearance (Cer) in 10, abnormal electrocardiogram without ischemia in 9 and noncompliance with the protocol in 2 patients. Eight patients had two or more reasons. Nine of the 10 eligible patients were able to tolerate two or more courses of chemotherapy. All 3 patients with SCLC responded (1 complete response and 2 partial response), but only 1 of the patients with NSCLC achieved partial response. Toxicity was evaluated according to Japan Clinical Oncology Group criteria. All but one patient experienced grade 4 neutropenia, and 6 patients had infectious episodes requiring antibiotics. Grade 3 anemia and thrombocytopenia were observed in 1 and 2 patients, respectively. Non-hematological toxicities were mild. Only 10 of 34 patients (29%) satisfied our eligibility criteria and they experienced severe myelotoxicity. We conclude that chemotherapy should be given carefully to elderly patients even if they appear to have normal organ function.
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PMID:Prospective evaluation of the feasibility of cisplatin-based chemotherapy for elderly lung cancer patients with normal organ functions. 863 10

The aim of our study was to assess frequency of death from myocardial infarction in patients (pts) treated for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). 33 out of 845 patients treated for SCLC died from myocardial infarction. All patients were smokers. In 6 patients coexisted hypertension, in 2--diabetes and in 5--obesity. Eight patients have had cardiac disease in anamnesis. All patients were treated with one or more number of cardiotoxic drugs as DDP, VCR or VBL, E, MTX and ADR which are able to cause ischemic heart disease or myocardial infarction. Sixteen out of 33 patients have had radiotherapy of lung tumour. Death from myocardial infarction occurred from 0.5 up till 98.5 months from the beginning of start treatment. Eighteen men died from myocardial infarction in the first year of treatment. Risk of death from myocardial infarction was 15 times greater in men with SCLC than in men of the polish population at the same age and at the same time.
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PMID:[Myocardial infarction as a cause of death in patients treated for small cell lung cancer]. 1080 90

APS12-2 is one in a series of synthetic analogs of the polymeric alkylpyridinium salts isolated from the marine sponge Reniera sarai. As it is a potential candidate for treating non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we have studied its possible toxic and lethal effects in vivo. The median lethal dose (LD(50)) of APS12-2 in mice was determined to be 11.5mg/kg. Electrocardiograms, arterial blood pressure and respiratory activity were recorded under general anesthesia in untreated, pharmacologically vagotomized and artificially ventilated rats injected with APS12-2. In one group, the in vivo effects of APS12-2 were studied on nerve-evoked muscle contraction. Administration of APS12-2 at a dose of 8mg/kg caused a progressive reduction of arterial blood pressure to a mid-circulatory value, accompanied by bradycardia, myocardial ischemia, ventricular extrasystoles, and second degree atrio-ventricular block. Similar electrocardiogram and arterial blood pressure changes caused by APS12-2 (8mg/kg) were observed in animals pretreated with atropine and in artificially ventilated animals, indicating that hypoxia and cholinergic effects do not play a crucial role in the toxicity of APS12-2. Application of APS12-2 at sublethal doses (4 and 5.5mg/kg) caused a decrease of arterial blood pressure, followed by an increase slightly above control values. We found that APS12-2 causes lysis of rat erythrocytes in vitro, therefore it is reasonable to expect the same effect in vivo. Indeed, hyperkalemia was observed in the blood of experimental animals. Hyperkalemia probably plays an important role in APS12-2 cardiotoxicity since no evident changes in histopathology of the heart were found. However, acute lesions were observed in the pulmonary vessels of rats after application of 8mg/kg APS12-2. Predominant effects were dilation of interalveolar blood vessels and lysis of aggregated erythrocytes within their lumina.
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PMID:In vivo toxic and lethal cardiovascular effects of a synthetic polymeric 1,3-dodecylpyridinium salt in rodents. 2170 44