Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0151744 (myocardial ischemia)
 31,282 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A more detailed analysis of material from the 20-year follow-up of men in the Rhondda Fach confirms the similarity between the Standardised Mortality Ratios (SMRs) of miners and exminers with radiological categories 0, 1, 2, 3 and A (120.3, 116.5, 119.0, 115.7, and 120.1 respectively) as well as the difference between these SMRs and that of the non-moners (98.7). The specific death rates show a raised SMR for bronchitis and other respiratory diseases excluding pneumoconiosis for all categories including category 0, but little difference between those for category 0 and those for simple pneumoconiosis. The SMRs for ischaemic heart disease and other circulatory diseases for categories A, B and C combined are lower than those for simple pneumoconiosis and category 0 (84.2 and 85.0, compared with 109.8 and 121.8 for simple pneumoconiosis, and 117.5 and 114.6 for category 0). Fortunately the SMR for leukaemia is low. A comparison between the survival rates of men aged 55-64 in Leigh, Lancashire and those in the Rhondda Fach suggests that nonminers in the two areas have similar survival rates while the survival rates for category 0 and simple pneumoconiosis are lower in the Rhondda Fach.
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PMID:The mortality of men in the Rhondda Fach, 1950--1970. 44 37

Swedish twins have been followed for mortality since 1961, when the Swedish Twin Registry was formed. During the years 1961-73 there were 1290 deaths among twins born in 1901-25. In 1156 cases the cause of death could be established from collected records and classified according to the 1965 revision of ICD. Using the review of records as the standard, rates of detection and confirmation relating to the death certificate diagnoses were calculated. It is concluded that Swedish death certificate data are fairly valid for use in epidemiological studies and mortality statistics with regard to most cancer forms, cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, bronchitis, asthma and emphysema, accidents and suicides, but not for diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, mental diseases, rheumatic heart diseases and other heart diseases. However, in selected clinical-epidemiological studies it is often necessary to collect all available documents prior to judging the cause of death.
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PMID:A validation of cause-of-death certification in 1,156 deaths. 97 Feb 29

In order to assess mortality patterns of Japanese physicians, the mortality during a 12 year period (July 1978-June 1990) among male members of the Chiba Medical Association was studied. The overall mortality among physicians was significantly lower than the general male population in Chiba prefecture (standardized mortality ratio [SMR] = 0.69). Physicians were found to have lower cause-specific mortality from cancer (SMR = 0.71), cerebrovascular disease (SMR = 0.42), pneumonia and bronchitis (SMR = 0.63), accidents (SMR = 0.37), and suicide (SMR = 0.29) than the general population, but to have higher mortality from senility (SMR = 1.75). When compared to the total working population and the professional and technical workers, all-cause mortality for physicians did not differ. Mortality from ischemic heart disease was significantly higher during 1979-1983, but was similar during 1984-1988. Analysis by specialty showed that during 1979-1983 internal medicine physicians had a lower mortality than surgeons, but this reversed during 1984-1988 with the former having a higher mortality than the latter. Over the whole period, no difference in mortality existed between internists and surgeons. A cohort of 2,502 male members that is being followed, showed that the mortality of physicians was lower than the general population. However, no significant difference between the internists and surgeons was observed in both overall and major cause-specific mortality.
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PMID:[A study of mortality among male physicians in Chiba prefecture]. 159 89

Since 1940, 760 cases of silicosis have been diagnosed as part of the State of North Carolina's (NC) pneumoconiosis surveillance program for dusty trades workers. Vital status was ascertained through 1983 for 714 cases that had been diagnosed since 1940 and death certificates were obtained for 546 of the 550 deceased. Mortality from tuberculosis, cancer of the intestine and lung, pneumonia, bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, pneumoconiosis, and kidney disease was significantly increased in whites. Mortality from tuberculosis, ischemic heart disease, and pneumoconiosis was significantly increased in non-whites. The standardized mortality ratio (95% CI) for lung cancer based on U.S. rates was 2.6 (1.8-3.6) in whites, 2.3 (1.5-3.4) in those who had no exposure to other known occupational carcinogens, and 2.4 (1.5-3.6) in those who had no other exposure and who had been diagnosed for silicosis while employed in the NC dusty trades. Age-adjusted lung cancer rates in silicotics who had no exposure to other known occupational carcinogens were 1.5 (.8-2.9) times higher than that in a referent group of coal miners with coalworkers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) and 2.4 (1.5-3.9) times higher than that in a referent group of non-silicotic metal miners. Age- and smoking-adjusted rates in silicotics were 3.9 (2.4-6.4) times higher than that in metal miners. This analysis effectively controls for confounding by age, cigarette smoking, and exposure to other known occupational carcinogens, and it is unlikely that other correlates of silica exposure could explain the excess lung cancer mortality in the silicotics.
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PMID:Silicosis and lung cancer in North Carolina dusty trades workers. 186 18

This survey considered 598 arteriosclerotic amputees over a period of 9 years: 267 below-knee; 81 Gritti-Stokes; 195 above-knee; and 55 double amputees. A walking ability index (WAI) ranging from 1 for a normal gait to 6 for inability to walk was determined for these amputees by clinical grading at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after prosthesis fitting. Amputees with the below-knee operation had better WAI at 3 and more months than those with either Gritti-Stokes or above-knee operations. There was no statistical evidence for a difference between Gritti-Stokes and above-knee operations at any time of assessment of WAI. The 50-59 year-old age group had significantly better WAI at 6, 9, and 12 months than did the 60-69 or 70+ age group, but the 60-69 year-old group was not significantly different from the 70+ age group. On an average, the 78 amputees (14 percent) with ischemic heart disease had a poorer WAI at 6 and more months than did those without it; the 46 amputees (8 percent) with hemiplegia were worse at 12 months than those without hemiplegia; and the 15 amputees (11 percent) with bronchitis were worse at 12 months than those without bronchitis. Double amputees had poorer WAIs at 12 months than those of single amputees.
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PMID:Factors influencing rehabilitation of arteriosclerotic lower limb amputees. 188 Jul 48

This paper attempts to discuss the shape of inequalities in health in the Republic of Ireland by focusing on social class, gender and regional inequalities in health outcomes as shown in annual publications of vital statistics and in various research studies. The Republic of Ireland has a demographic profile of rapid population increase, unique in Europe. While the birth rate is the highest in Europe, the infant mortality rate is relatively low, yet the perinatal mortality rate is relatively high. Attempts are made to analyse social class variations in mortality and morbidity rates but, except for psychiatric care, Irish data on health by social class are scarce. There exist more data on gender inequalities which pinpoint the particular vulnerability of Irish women to ischaemic heart disease and certain types of cancer. Regional analysis of vital statistics reveals the vulnerability of people in urban areas (compared to rural areas) to cancer of the trachea, bronchus and lung, cirrhosis of the liver, tuberculosis of the respiratory system, pneumonia, and bronchitis, emphysema and asthma. In comparison to several European countries, Irish standardized mortality rates were the worst for urban women dying from lung cancer, and for urban men and women, Irish standardized mortality rates were the worst for non-rheumatic heart disease and respiratory tuberculosis. Various studies of morbidity of the elderly clearly reveal the hidden clinical iceberg of symptoms which are not presented to the health care system. Unfortunately, there is relatively little evidence of the health situation of disabled people, the travelling community or the long term unemployed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Health and social inequities in Ireland. 221 9

In a prospective open randomized trial pefloxacin (400 mg, iv, 8-hourly) and imipenem (1 g, iv, 8-hourly) were given for 5-30 days to 35 and 36 ICU patients, respectively, suffering from bronchopneumonia (54) or purulent bronchitis (17). All were spiking high fevers (greater than or equal to 39 degrees C) while 25 and 26 patients in the two groups were under mechanical ventilation. Underlying predisposing disorders, mainly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ischaemic heart disease, neurological diseases and traumatic lung injuries, were encountered in almost all. In appropriate bronchial secretion cultures, multiresistant Acinetobacter anitratus (40), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25), various Enterobacteriaceae (17) and Staphylococcus aureus (6) were isolated. A successful clinical response, as proved by elimination of abnormal lung x-ray findings, temperature normalization and decreases in oxygen requirements, permitting weaning from mechanical ventilation and/or removal of nasotracheal intubation, was observed in 23 patients given pefloxacin (65.7%) and 19 patients given imipenem (52.8%). The differences in clinical outcome did not reach statistical significance. During therapy pathogens persisted in 9 (25.7%) patients given pefloxacin versus 18 (50%) given imipenem (P less than 0.05), while persisters developed resistance to pefloxacin and imipenem in seven and 12 patients, respectively (P less than 0.05). Tolerance was excellent for both antimicrobials. In the therapy of lung infections in ICU patients, pefloxacin when compared to imipenem was associated with more promising results, lower numbers of persisting pathogens and a lower incidence of resistance development.
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PMID:Pefloxacin versus imipenem in the therapy of nosocomial lung infections of intensive care unit patients. 225 39

Average heights of adults and children in the counties of England and Wales were examined using national samples of people born between 1920 and 1970. Although height increased over this 50-year period the differences between counties persisted. Average height in a county is closely related to its pattern of death rates, which were derived from all deaths during 1968-78. Counties with taller populations have lower mortality from chronic bronchitis, rheumatic heart disease, ischaemic heart disease and stroke, and higher mortality from three hormone-related cancers, of the breast, prostate and ovary. The inverse relation of height with bronchitis and cardiovascular disease is further evidence of risk factors acting in early childhood. The positive relation between height and cancers of the breast, ovary and prostate could suggest that promotion of child growth has disadvantages as well as benefits.
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PMID:Height and mortality in the counties of England and Wales. 884 13

Nifangin (nifedipine), manufactured by the Laakepharmos Co., Finland, was used in 75 patients with congestive heart failure due to ischemic heart disease and chronic obstructive bronchitis. The effect of a single 20 mg dose and a course of treatment (60 mg daily for 18 days) was assessed by monitoring with the help of echocardiography, venous occlusion plethysmography, laser Doppler flowmetry as well as external respiration and blood gases partial tension measurement. In patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis, the drug was used in combination with cardiac glycosides and diuretics. A single dose of nifangin reduced regional vascular resistance by 33%, and increased volumetric blood flow rate by 51%. The treatment course increased the stroke index and the cardiac index (by 21 and 23%, respectively) and improved blood oxygenation and external respiration parameters. The absence of side effects makes nifangin one of the most effective vasodilating agents, indicated for patients with congestive heart failure.
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PMID:[Effect of the calcium antagonist nifangin on hemodynamics in patients with congestive heart failure]. 267 59

Data are given on the changes in the hemostatic system in 42 patients with uncomplicated influenza and in complications (pneumonia, bronchitis, aggravation of ischemic heart disease). In the acute period of the disease they were characterized by hypercoagulation which was most pronounced in patients with influenza complicated by pneumonia. In cases of aggravation of ischemic heart disease functional platelet activity during convalescence decreases but the plasma link of hemostasis remains activated and fibrinolytic blood activity inhibited. Functional platelet activity in dynamics of the disease increases which should be taken into consideration in pathogenetic therapy.
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PMID:[Hemostatic changes in various clinical courses of influenza]. 277 42


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