Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0151744 (myocardial ischemia)
 31,282 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hospital diets, and, perhaps, diets in general may be low in copper and zinc, with the diets being lower in copper than zinc in comparison to requirements. Several human diseases or pathologic conditions of unknown etiology have similarities to findings in deficient animals. Thus nutritional status and metabolism of copper may be important in anemia, ischemic heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, multiple sclerosis and seborrheic dermatitis. Zinc may be involved in growth failure, acne, difficulties of labor, congenital abnormalities and wound healing. Whether or not dietary amounts of copper and zinc are involved in the etiology or the pathogenesis of these conditions can be determined by clinical investigation.
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PMID:Diets deficient in copper and zinc? 16 45

The authors discuss the progress of acute myocardial infarction in a male subject, aged 39 suffering multiple sclerosis for 11 years. The progress of the infarction is severe but with a favourable outcome. It comes to confirm the literature survey of the existence of a correlation between the neurologic disturbance with the accompanying disturbances in lipid, protein and carbohydrate metabolism, increased blood coagulation ability and the ischemic heart disease. The incidence (10%) of multiple sclerosis among the neurologic diseases of organic nature and the affect of people in their most productive age (20-40) and the mutual relationship with the ischemic heart disease brings for the necessity of a early detection and treatment of the present coronary insufficiency, parallelly with the basic disease, in order to improve the prognosis of those patients.
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PMID:[Acute myocardial infarct in a patient with multiple sclerosis]. 100 45

Population aging is continuously increasing in Italy and in the World. Individuals aged 60 years or more are currently 10,500,000 and will be 13,000,000 in 2015. Life quality in geriatric ages includes the maintenance of sexual power: according to recent data (Carrol et al., 1992), 80% of impotence cases are due to organic causes. In addition, the use of drugs can cause impotence. Among them tiazidic diuretics may cause an increase of sexual disturbances. Other drugs with this potential are digitalis, antihypertensive drugs (particularly beta blockers), major and minor tranquillizers, antidepressant, H2 receptor antagonists, antiparkinsonian cholinergic drugs and estrogens employed in the treatment of prostate tumors. Diseases of geriatric age that can alter sexual power are diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease for the accompanying depression and for the use of antidepressants; severe hypertension is complicated by impotence in 15% of cases. Among neurological diseases Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis can be causes of sexual dysfunctions. Patients on hemodialysis can be impotent, with recent data (Soloh et al 1992) showing that erythropoietin treatment of anemia also improve sexual dysfunctions. Prevention from a geriatric standpoint should be base on action on known risk factor as smoking, alcohol abuse and dislipidemias and with the activation of a close drug vigilance.
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PMID:[Andrologic problems and internal pathology in the elderly]. 825 79

Feeding of breast milk in the first weeks of life appears to have a strong protective effect against necrotising enterocolitis. Nevertheless breast milk also seems to be positively linked to the development of jaundice and to late haemorrhagic disease in infants who have not received vitamin K supplements. There is no consistent evidence that other childhood conditions such as insulin dependent diabetes or cancer are less prevalent among children who have been breast fed. Among adult conditions suggested to be less prevalent in the breast fed, only single reports of significant findings for multiple sclerosis and breast cancer exist and convincing corroboration is not available. There are a number of studies that indicate a relationship between breast feeding and later cholesterol levels--and one that has considered the mortality of ischaemic heart disease among adult males. There is some suggestion that breast feeding (during the first year of life) is the optimal protection against future raised lipid levels and mortality from coronary heart disease, but the evidence is far from conclusive. The major health advantage of breast feeding that has been clearly demonstrated remains in the protection of the infant from certain infections in early life. If there are other long-term health advantages they have yet to be fully elucidated and confirmed.
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PMID:Does breast feeding have any impact on non-infectious, non-allergic disorders? 936 22

A 56-year-old woman with a 40-year history of multiple sclerosis (MS) developed paroxysmal attacks of girdle sensation in the Th5-6 dermatomes. The attacks lasted 20-60 minutes and occured up to three times per week. T2-weighted MR imaging of the spinal cord showed high intensity area from Th5 to Th8. Electrocardiography, echocardiography and laboratory findings did not indicate ischemic heart disease; therefore, the paroxysms were attributed to the spinal cord lesions. Attacks were successfully suppressed by acetazolamide 250 mg/day. Although carbamazepine is frequently used to treat paroxysmal attacks in MS, we would like to suggest that acetazolamide may also be beneficial in some patients with paroxysmal symptoms.
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PMID:[Beneficial effects of acetazolamide on paroxysmal attacks of girdle sensation in multiple sclerosis]. 986 21

Vasospasm can have many different causes and can occur in a variety of diseases, including infectious, autoimmune, and ophthalmic diseases, as well as in otherwise healthy subjects. We distinguish between the primary vasospastic syndrome and secondary vasospasm. The term "vasospastic syndrome" summarizes the symptoms of patients having such a diathesis as responding with spasm to stimuli like cold or emotional stress. Secondary vasospasm can occur in a number of autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, rheumatoid polyarthritis, giant cell arteritis, Behcet's disease, Buerger's disease and preeclampsia, and also in infectious diseases such as AIDS. Other potential causes for vasospasm are hemorrhages, homocysteinemia, head injury, acute intermittent porphyria, sickle cell disease, anorexia nervosa, Susac syndrome, mitochondriopathies, tumors, colitis ulcerosa, Crohn's disease, arteriosclerosis and drugs. Patients with primary vasospastic syndrome tend to suffer from cold hands, low blood pressure, and even migraine and silent myocardial ischemia. Valuable diagnostic tools for vasospastic diathesis are nailfold capillary microscopy and angiography, but probably the best indicator is an increased plasma level of endothelin-1. The eye is frequently involved in the vasospastic syndrome, and ocular manifestations of vasospasm include alteration of conjunctival vessels, corneal edema, retinal arterial and venous occlusions, choroidal ischemia, amaurosis fugax, AION, and glaucoma. Since the clinical impact of vascular dysregulation has only really been appreciated in the last few years, there has been little research in the according therapeutic field. The role of calcium channel blockers, magnesium, endothelin and glutamate antagonists, and gene therapy are discussed.
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PMID:Vasospasm, its role in the pathogenesis of diseases with particular reference to the eye. 1128 96

Previous studies showed that mitoxantrone can reduce disability progression in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). There is, however, concern that it may cause irreversible cardiomyopathy with reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) and congestive heart failure. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate cardiac side effects of mitoxantrone by repetitive cardiac monitoring in MS patients. The treatment protocol called for ten courses of a combined mitoxantrone (10 mg/m(2) body surface) and methylprednisolone therapy. Before each course, a transthoracic echocardiogram was performed to determine the LV end-diastolic diameter, the end-systolic diameter and the fractional shortening; the LV-EF was calculated. Seventy-three patients participated (32 males; age 48 +/- 12 years, range 20-75 years; 25 with primary progressive, 47 with secondary progressive and 1 with relapsing-remitting MS) who received at least four courses of mitoxantrone. Three of the 73 patients were excluded during the study (2 patients discontinued therapy; 1 patient with a previous history of ischemic heart disease developed atrial fibrillation after the second course of mitoxantrone). The mean cumulative dose of mitoxantrone was 114.0 +/- 33.8 mg. The mean follow-up time was 23.4 months (range 10-57 months). So far, there has been no significant change in any of the determined parameters (end-diastolic diameter, end-systolic diameter, fractional shortening, EF) over time during all follow-up investigations. Mitoxantrone did not cause signs of congestive heart failure in any of the patients. Further cardiac monitoring is, however, needed to determine the safety of mitoxantrone after longer follow-up times and at higher cumulative doses.
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PMID:Assessment of potential cardiotoxic side effects of mitoxantrone in patients with multiple sclerosis. 1608 76

Statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) are the most commonly used lipid lowering drugs. Recent experimental evidence suggest that these agents appear to display additional cholesterol independent or pleiotropic effects, contributing to prevention and inhibition of atherosclerosis. In addition, clinical trials have demonstrated different effects of statins on diseases that are not directly related to accelerated atherosclerosis. The statins' vascular pleiotropic effects include improvement of endothelial function, slowing the inflammation process, inhibition of the thrombus formation, enhancement of plaque stability and decreasing oxidative stress. Clinical benefits were observed with statins therapy for cardiovascular diseases - ischemic heart disease, cerebral vascular accidents and peripheral vascular disease. Lately, clinical trials have suggested their role in Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, malignant diseases, osteoporosis, chronic renal diseases, transplantations, macular degeneration and autoimmune diseases. The objective of this review is to summarize the data related to the pleiotropic effects of the statin drugs, beyond their lipid lowering effect.
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PMID:[The pleiotropic effects of statins]. 1614 58

The Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) system is dynamic and complex, involving many binding proteins, binding-protein-related proteases, and receptors. It has emerged in time as a powerful defence to life processes of many cytotypes, tissues and systems. Mainly in body metabolism, diabetes and cardiovascular system, but also in brain and kidney, IGF-1 plays a key role in maintaining homeostasis, increasing progenitor cell potential, and improving physiologic performance both in rest and stress conditions. Its vasculoprotective and insulin sensitizing ability exerts a protective role on flow-metabolism coupling and organs function. Therapeutical human use of recombinant human IGF-1 (rhIGF-1) has been widely applied only in Laron syndrome, while being verified in many randomized controlled trials to improve glycemic control in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and proposed in neurological disease such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer disease. Sparse evidence exists moreover about rhIGF-1 use in insulin resistance, burns, catabolic and post-surgery states, acute and chronic renal failure, amyotrophic lateral and multiple sclerosis, brain injury, and immunoincompetence. Along with these data, results are available on cardiovascular benefit of administration of other growth factors, such as erythropoietin and vascular endothelial growth factor, or on cardiovascular side effects of growth factor antagonists such as trastuzumab in cancer therapy. We intended therefore to summarize in this review available human and animals evidence about rhIGF-1 effects on different systems with insights on rhIGF-1 cardiovascular effects. In view of its ability to improve flow-metabolism coupling, IGF-1 could indeed represent a new cardiovascular disease treatment option for many cardiac disorders such as ischemic heart disease and heart failure.
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PMID:Recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1: a new cardiovascular disease treatment option? 1885 38

Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is frequently considered an incidental finding during coronary angiography, however, several reports have shown an association with myocardial ischemia and infarction. When acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurs in cases of CAE, current reperfusion therapies, due to the large arterial size and the massive intracoronary thrombus, when used alone are limited in preventing the development of distal embolization and 'no reflow phenomenon.' In this article, we described the case of a multiple sclerosis (MS) patient with diffuse CAE and ST elevation AMI, treated by coronary dethrombosis multistrategy (mechanical and pharmacologic) during a transradial primary angioplasty. The higher thrombotic burden in MS with CAE was analyzed and possible common pathophysiologic pathways were discovered in the imbalance between proteolytic activities of metalloproteinases and endogenous tissue inhibitor, with subsequent increased proteolysis leading to a risk for coronary plaque rupture. The one-year clinical and angiographic follow-up with coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography, together with long-term antiplatelet therapy, was also evaluated.
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PMID:Diffuse coronary ectasia complicated by myocardial infarction in a patient with multiple sclerosis-transradial dethrombosis and one-year coronary computed tomography angiography follow-up. 2182 78


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