Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0151744 (myocardial ischemia)
 31,282 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This research aimed to test whether supplementation with a combination of antioxidant vitamins and minerals could reduce the risk of skin cancers (SC). It was performed within the framework of the Supplementation in Vitamins and Mineral Antioxidants study, a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, primary prevention trial testing the efficacy of nutritional doses of antioxidants in reducing incidence of cancer and ischemic heart disease in the general population. French adults (7876 women and 5141 men) were randomized to take an oral daily capsule of antioxidants (120 mg vitamin C, 30 mg vitamin E, 6 mg beta-carotene, 100 microg selenium, and 20 mg zinc) or a matching placebo. The median time of follow-up was 7.5 y. A total of 157 cases of all types of SC were reported, from which 25 were melanomas. Because the effect of antioxidants on SC incidence varied according to gender, men and women were analyzed separately. In women, the incidence of SC was higher in the antioxidant group [adjusted hazard ratio (adjusted HR) = 1.68; P = 0.03]. Conversely, in men, incidence did not differ between the 2 treatment groups (adjusted HR = 0.69; P = 0.11). Despite the small number of events, the incidence of melanoma was also higher in the antioxidant group for women (adjusted HR = 4.31; P = 0.02). The incidence of nonmelanoma SC did not differ between the antioxidant and placebo groups (adjusted HR = 1.37; P = 0.22 for women and adjusted HR = 0.72; P = 0.19 for men). Our findings suggest that antioxidant supplementation affects the incidence of SC differentially in men and women.
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PMID:Antioxidant supplementation increases the risk of skin cancers in women but not in men. 1842 10

Selected health hazards of outdoor work are reported. The hazards are attributable to physical agents (cold and hot microclimate, UV radiation), chemical agents (e.g., pesticides and herbicides, exhaust fumes), fine particulate dust, biological agents (insect bites, organic dusts, bacteria, poisonous vegetables), excessive physical (static and dynamic) loads. Exposures to those agents may cause circulatory diseases (arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease), symptoms of lower and upper spine or renal calculosis. Particular attention was paid to dermal diseases caused by exposure to solar radiation, such as sunburns, idiopathic dermatoses, chronic lesions, exacerbation of other skin diseases (lupus erythematosus, porphyria), phototoxic and photoallergic reactions, melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer. Besides, solar radiation causes premature skin ageing and premalignant lesions (lentigo maligna, solar keatosis).
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PMID:[Outdoor work-related health hazards]. 1938 63

The increasing numbers of obese and morbidly obese individuals in the community are having a direct effect on forensic facilities. In addition to having to install more robust equipment for handling large bodies, the quality of autopsy examinations may be reduced by the physical difficulties that arise in trying to position bodies correctly so that normal examinations can proceed. Accelerated putrefaction is often an added complication. Metabolic disturbances resulting from obesity increase susceptibility to a range of conditions that are associated with sudden and unexpected death, and surgery may have increased complications. The rates of a number of different malignancies, including lymphoma, leukemia, melanoma and multiple myeloma, and carcinomas of the esophagus, stomach, colon, gallbladder, thyroid, prostate, breast and endometrium, are increased. In addition, obese individuals have higher rates of diabetes mellitus, and sepsis. The unexpected collapse of an obese individual should raise the possibility of a wide range of conditions, many of which may be more difficult to demonstrate at autopsy than in an individual with a normal body mass index. Although sudden cardiac death due to cardiomegaly, pulmonary thromboembolism, or ischemic heart disease may be the most probable diagnosis in an unexpected collapse, the range of possible underlying conditions is extensive and often only determinable after full postmortem examination.
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PMID:The complex spectrum of forensic issues arising from obesity. 2238 71

Psoriasis is a heterogeneous inflammatory disorder that targets the skin and joints. It affects 1.3-2% of the population. The diagnosis of plaque psoriasis is usually straightforward, a helpful diagnostic clue is the tendency for silver scales to appear after gentle scratching of a lesion. Stress, streptococcal infection and drugs including beta-blockers, antimalarials and lithium may precipitate or exacerbate psoriasis. Psoriasis, especially when severe, predisposes to metabolic syndrome, and patients with psoriasis are at increased risk of ischaemic heart disease, hypertension, stroke, type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidaemia. Additionally, psoriasis sufferers appear at increased risk of uveitis, inflammatory boweldisease, lymphoma, non-melanoma skin cancer, COPD and venous thromboembolism. Psoriasis should be assessed on the basis of: severity, impact on physical, psychological and social wellbeing, symptoms of arthritis and the presence of comorbidities. Poor response to topical therapy may be as much to do with lack of compliance as with lack of efficacy. The number of treatments each day should be kept to a minimum, and patients should be reviewed after four weeks when initiating or changing topical therapy to improve adherence to treatment and assess response. The majority of patients with psoriasis can be managed in primary care, although specialist care may be necessary at some point in up to 60% of cases. Patients with erythrodermic or generalised pustular psoriasis should be referred for a same day dermatological opinion, and if psoriatic arthritis is suspected, early referral for a rheumatological opinion is recommended.
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PMID:Improving outcomes in patients with psoriasis. 2346 25

During the processes of myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury, inflammation and apoptosis play an important role. I/R and its induced acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with high morbidity and mortality, and there is no effective treatment for it so far. TRAF5 has been shown to regulate inflammation and apoptosis in atherosclerosis, steatosis and melanoma cells, but its function in myocardial I/R injury is still unclear. This study demonstrates that the expression of TRAF5 is significant up-regulation in heart tissues of I/R injury mice and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-stimulated cardiomyocytes. TRAF5 knockout mice exhibites heavier heart damage, inflammatory response and cell death after myocardial I/R injury. Further, TRAF5 overexpression inhibites inflammation and apoptosis of H/R-stimulated cardiomyocytes. Mechanistically, we prove that TRAF5 promotes the activation of AKT. Overall, our study indicates that TRAF5 can regulate the processes of myocardial I/R injury. TRAF5 can be a new therapy target for myocardial I/R injury.
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PMID:TRAF5 protects against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury via AKT signaling. 3223 28

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have altered the prognosis of patients with melanoma over the past few years, with immune-related adverse effects (irAEs) being the only factor limiting their use. Neurologic and cardiac irAEs are rare, but usually severe. We reviewed the files of patients with melanoma treated with ICIs in one center to retrieve data from patients with neurologic irAEs. Patients with a combination of neurologic and cardiac manifestations were further analyzed. We also reviewed the literature for similar syndromes. Five out of 482 (1.01%) patients developed a neurologic syndrome and we present three patients with a constellation of neurologic and cardiac irAEs. A 66-year-old woman and a 68-year-old man presented with a constellation of findings after being treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab, respectively, for melanoma in the adjuvant setting and were eventually diagnosed with myasthenia gravis with cardiac involvement. An 80-year-old woman developed diffuse asymmetric muscle weakness, bilateral ptosis and asymptomatic high serum troponin levels after adjuvant treatment with nivolumab and ipilimumab for a stage IIIB melanoma. After excluding ischemic heart disease, she was diagnosed with axonal polyradiculoneuropathy and myocarditis. Neurologic or cardiac irAEs in patients treated with ICIs are uncommon (<1%), but usually severe, with high rates of morbidity and fatality. The co-development of neurologic and cardiac irAEs is even more rare and can arise soon after exposure to ICIs and escalate rapidly. Since more and more patients are now treated with ICIs in the adjuvant setting, prompt identification and management are essential to avoid serious complications or death.
Melanoma Res 2020 10
PMID:Concomitant development of neurologic and cardiac immune-related adverse effects in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors for melanoma. 3289 89


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