Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149958 (complex partial seizures)
 2,563 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of lamotrigine (LTG, Lamictal) in patients with long-lasting epilepsy. The group of 11 patients, 4F, 7M aged 16-45 years, mean 31.3 years was included in the study. Complex partial seizures and complex partial with sec. generalization ones occurred in 5 patients, only simple and complex partial seizures in 4 and in 2 cases we observed primary generalized nonconvulsive seizures. The mean seizure frequency was 20/month before LTG treatment. The mean duration of epilepsy was 20 years. Monotherapy with carbamazepine was used in 2 patients, 9 took 2 antiepileptic drugs. The time of investigation and treatment was 4 months with 3 control visits. During LTG treatment the number of conventional antiepileptic drugs was reduced in 7 patients. The dose of the basic antiepileptic drug was not changed. We evaluated how LTG had influenced the frequency, severity and duration of seizures, patients' mental state and adverse events appearance. Good result of treatment--seizure frequency reduction at least 50%--was observed in 5 patients (45.5%), moderate--seizure frequency reduction below 50%--in 1 patient (9%), bad result--no change in seizure frequency or its increase--in 5 cases (45.5%). In 5 patients the drug influenced positively seizure severity and duration. Beneficial psychotropic effect of the drug was found in 2 patients with mental disturbances. Adverse effects occurred in 3 patients. They were vertigo and ataxia in 1 patient, drowsiness in 1 case and dyspeptic symptoms in 1 patient. Adverse events were mild and transient in 2 patients. In 1 patient with vertigo and ataxia they resulted in the drug being discontinued after 3 month treatment. On the whole lamotrigine shows a positive influence on the frequency, severity and duration of seizures in some patients with therapy resistant epilepsy. The drug is well tolerated and seems to have positive psychotropic effects.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[The assessment of lamotrigine effectiveness in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy]. 976 May 48

The frequency of cerebrovascular aetiology of epilepsy is estimated at 3-30%, and the rate is significantly higher in studies carried out in developed world. Early seizures, variously defined by different authors (usually as those occurring within first week or first two weeks after stroke) occur in 2.5-6% of patients, in most of them within the first 24 hours after stroke. Early seizures constitute a major risk factor of poststroke epilepsy, but in many patients seizures do not recur after acute phase of stroke. The pathophysiology of poststroke seizures is not fully elucidated, probably it is different for early and late seizures. Several investigations evaluated the connection between seizures and localization of vascular foci, the results are not consistent; most investigators believe that seizures occur more frequently in cases of cortical localization of the focus. Seizures are more common in haemorrhagic than in ischaemic strokes. The most common type of seizures are simple partial seizures, the rarest are complex partial seizures. The prognostic value of EEG is of little importance: nevertheless, in poststroke patients who had at least one seizure, diffuse slowing of background activity or PLED are associated with increased risk of seizure recurrence. Early seizures do not require long-term antiepileptic treatment; late seizures usually well respond to treatment.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Post-stroke epilepsy]. 977 Jun 97

Lamotrigine (Lamictal, Glaxo Wellcome) is a drug which is used as add-on therapy in patients with refractory epilepsy. Several previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of lamotrigine monotherapy, but only few have been done in pediatric patients. The aim of our study was the assessment of efficacy and tolerability of lamotrigine monotherapy in children with newly diagnosed partial epilepsy. Lamictal was used in 19 children (11 boys and 8 girls), aged 3-16 years. 17 patients demonstrated complex partial seizures (with or without secondarily generalisation), 2 children had simplex partial seizures. Symptomatic epilepsy was diagnosed in 10 patients and cryptogenic epilepsy in 9 cases. The drug was administered at the dose of 3.87 +/- 1.02 mg/kg/day during 24 weeks. Three children withdrew from the study because of adverse events: one patient developed rash, two ones seizure exacerbation. Lamictal produced of at least 50% reduction in seizure frequency in 12 (63.15%) children, included 10 seizure-free patients. One third patients experienced EEG improvement. The most common adverse effects were gastrointestinal and sleep disturbances, infections, dizziness, all of them were mild and transient and observed more often in children under 12 years of age. Lamotrigine monotherapy is effective and safe for treatment of newly diagnosed cryptogenic and symptomatic epilepsy with partial seizures but further studies are necessary specially in young children.
Neurol Neurochir Pol 2000
PMID:[The use of lamotrigine monotherapy in children with newly diagnosed partial epilepsy]. 1076 53

The efficacy and safety of vigabatrin (VGB) has been extensively evaluated in preclinical and clinical studies but level of effectiveness in different type of seizures has yet to be established. The aim of our study is the prospective evaluation of anticonvulsant efficacy and toxicity of VGB. This long-term observation mainly focusing on efficacy of VGB in partial vs. secondarily generalized seizures were considered separately. In our study the criterion of drug resistance is occurrence per month of at least 1 tonic-clonic seizure or at least 2 complex partial seizures in 3 following months. The studies are based on 73 patients (39 F and 34 M), with average age of 26 years. After two weeks of treatment with sabril the drug was withdrawn in 5 patients because of side effects. The period of observation was 12 months. In group I--from total of 73 patients with partial seizures (including secondarily generalized)--31 (42%) of patients suffered only from partial seizures. Complex partial seizures occurred in 18 of patients; in this group were also 13 patients with simple partial seizures. Group II consisted of 42 patients (58%) who suffered from secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Number of seizures in group of patients with tonic-clonic seizures was from 1 to 16 per month (average 3.4) and in group of patients with complex partial seizures was from 1 to 70 per month (average 13.29). After titration period, Vigabatrin was given in doses of 500 to 3500 mg daily. Mean monthly fit frequency was calculated for over 3 months prior to the addition of vigabatrin and 12 months of therapy at the patient's maximum dose. Monthly fit frequency expressed as mean +/- standard error of the mean, and this statistical significance was determined using MANOVA for repeated measurement. Average monthly fit frequency of partial seizures has been reduced from 13.29 to 6.96 (p < 0.0001) and of generalized seizures from 3.38 to 1.38 (p < 0.0001). The percentage of patients achieving an increase of at least 75%--(Ratio < -0.6)--of seizures was greater in generalized seizures (27.3) than in partial ones (21.3). VGB is effective and well tolerated in refractory patients requiring add-on antiepileptic treatment and it has shown efficacy both in therapy of refractory partial seizures as well of secondarily generalized ones.
Neurol Neurochir Pol 2000
PMID:[Clinical analysis of the effectiveness and safety of vigabatrin]. 1076 57

The authors presented the results of treatment with lamotrigine (LTG, Lamictal) in 13 patients with drug resistant epilepsy (add-on therapy). There were 8f, 5m. aged 16-60 years, mean age 28.8 years. Generalized seizures occurred in 8 patients (62%). In this group there was 1 patient (aged 16 years) with the Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and 1 patient (aged 20 years) with valproate resistant juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Complex partial seizures and complex partial with secondary generalization occurred in 5 patients (38%). Before LTG addition mean seizure frequency was from 3/month to several times/day. The mean duration of epilepsy was 16.6 years. The 8 patients were treated with CBZ and VPA, one with PHT and VPA, one CBZ and VGB. Monotherapy with VPA was introduced in 3 patients. After 6 months of treatment with LTG the efficacy was evaluated. 12 patients took LTG with VPA, 1 LTG with CBZ. Complete reduction of seizures was achieved in 3 cases (23%), at least 50% reduction in 3 patients (23%), reduction below 50% in 4 patients (31%). In 3 cases (23%) the results of treatment were negative (increase or no change in seizure frequency). Beneficial psychotropic effect was observed in 9 patients (69%). Adverse effects occurred in 2 patients (15%). Headache, vertigo, sleepness were observed in one case. Rash occurred in 1 patient (treated with LTG and VPA). After 6 months 3 patients were excluded from the study because of negative effects of treatment. LTG is helpful and well tolerated in drug-resistant epilepsy.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Lamotrigine in add-on therapy: assessment of efficacy in drug resistant epilepsy]. 1084 3

There is a growing number of publications in the recent literature reporting the incidence of non-convulsive status epilepticus in the elderly, including both absence epilepsy and partial epileptic seizures. Absence status epilepticus creates a diagnostic problem because of its clinical features: confusion ranging from slight disorientation to stupor. Duration of such states may vary from one hour to a few weeks, with fluctuations and epileptic features in EEG recording (a typical pattern of spikes-slow waves, 3 Hz frequency, symmetrical and synchronical) that disappear after an intravenous injection of benzodiazepines. Absence status epilepticus can be evoked by toxic, metabolic or pharmacological factors as well as by convulsive epileptic seizures. Besides absence epileptic states of middle-cerebral origin there is a rising concern about absence status resulting from simple or complex partial seizures. Generalized non-convulsive status epilepticus following either simple partial or simple complex seizures is characterized by the presence of various focal signs associated with confusion, stupor or coma. The latter may be masking the clinical picture of an underlying cerebral pathology (e.g. brain tumor, hemorrhage, etc.), and epileptic changes can be seen in EEG recording only. Absence status epilepticus can occur in various forms of brain pathology, including stroke, brain tumors, traumatic lesions and other conditions, as well as in systemic diseases affecting the central nervous system function. Therefore, the authors emphasize the importance of electroencephalography in severely ill and unconscious patients, as well as the role of proper anti-epileptic treatment, as this may improve the outcome.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:["De novo" non-convulsive status epilepticus in adults and in the elderly]. 1459 57

Prevalence of depression among the people with epilepsy is between 40 and 75%, which is higher than in population and among the patients with other chronic illness. Higher percentage of suicides and hospitalizations due to affective disorders make the diagnosis and evaluation of risk factors very important for further treatment. The following study has been performed on the group of one hundred patients with epilepsy lasting more than 5 years, aged 16-55, who were hospitalized or consulted in 2001 year. Depression was diagnosed on the basis of ICD-10 diagnostic scheme using Beck, Hamilton and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scales. Patients were divided into three groups (with depression, dysthymia and controls). For statistical analysis chi2 (Fisher exact test) and Mann-Whitney test were used. Comparing to controls, the complex partial seizures or simple partial and complex ones were seen more often in patients with depression (p < 0.003) and in patients with dysthymia comparing to controls ones (p < 0.001). All types of epileptic seizures analyzed during one month revealed statistically significant differences between the groups (Mann-Whitney test: controls vs dysthymic ones p < 0.02; controls vs depression ones p < 0.03). Simple partial seizures and (or) complex partial ones and high percentage of complex ones were found to be statistically significant risk factors for depression and dysthymia.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2004 Apr
PMID:[Description of mood disorder in patients with epilepsy]. 1551 28

Multiplex-PCR assay for identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates carrying gene clusters for biosynthesis of capsular polysaccharide (CPS) types K1 and K2 was developed. Genes wzc and orf10 of the cps cluster were applied as K1 and K2 specific markers respectively. The assay specificity was confirmed using 147 isolates of Klebsiella spp. including 77 K-antigen reference strains. The multiplex-PCR assay was found simple and cost-effective tool for identification of K. pneumoniae clinical isolates of K1 and K2 geno-serotypes.
Pol J Microbiol 2007
PMID:Multiplex-PCR assay for identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates carrying the cps loci for K1 and K2 capsule biosynthesis. 1806 47

The genetic diversity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1(HIV-1) has been shown to affect the performance of Nucleic Acid Testing (NAT) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1. Although, majority NAT assays were designed to detect the conserved regions of HIV-1 mutations at the primer or probe binding regions may lead to false negatives. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of detecting two genomic targets for enhanced sensitivity. A total of 180 tests using HIV-1 VQA RNA quantitation standard, 240 tests using EQAPOL HIV-1 viral diversity subtype panel, and 30 clinical plasma samples from Cameroon were evaluated. The analysis was based on probit and hit rate. The genomic targets LOD estimated by PROBIT for the gag target was 118 cps/ml (95%CI 64 cps/ml lower bound), Pol or POL/LTR was at 40 cps/ml (95%CI 17, 16 cps/ml), LTR 45 cps/ml (95%CI 20 cps/ml lower bound), and Gag/LTR at 67.8 cps/ml (95%CI 32 cps/ml lower bound). For HIV-1 subtypes the overall reactivity was 55-100% when tested at 100 and 1000 cps/ml and combination of genomic targets detection increased the reactivity to 100%. The plasma samples evaluation showed LTR or pol/LTR combination yielded higher sensitivity for patients with lower viral load (<40 cps/ml). We conclude that detection of two HIV-1 genomic targets improved sensitivity for detection of genetically diverse HIV-1 strains.
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PMID:High sensitivity detection of HIV-1 using two genomic targets compared with single target PCR. 2657 93