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Query: UMLS:C0149958 (complex partial seizures)
 2,563 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of sleep and sleep deprivation on epilepsy are well known, but the effects of seizures and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on sleep have been less well studied. We recorded nocturnal sleep in 17 patients receiving antiepileptic monotherapy with ambulatory cassette EEG devices. Twelve patients had complex partial seizures and five had tonic-clonic convulsions. Two patients' seizures were largely nocturnal, and no seizures occurred during sleep recording. Five patients each were taking phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), and valproate (VPA), and two were taking clonazepam (CZP), all with therapeutic serum levels and no toxic symptoms. Total sleep time was reduced, wakefulness increased, and sleep latency prolonged in partial seizures as compared with generalized epilepsy. REM sleep was reduced and its latency decreased in partial seizure patients. Both groups had decreased slow wave sleep; that of partial seizure patients was decreased more markedly. PHT increased sleep latency and decreased sleep time, and CBZ increased awakening and diminished slow wave and REM sleep. Patients taking VPA had slight reduction in slow wave sleep; those taking CPZ had decreased sleep and REM latencies. Epilepsy may affect nocturnal sleep, and the effects of partial and generalized seizure disorders may be different. AEDs may also have differential effects on nighttime sleep. These may prove important in the long-term management of epileptic patients.
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PMID:Outpatient sleep recording during antiepileptic drug monotherapy. 211 39

Eight men with complex partial seizures who had frequent focal interictal epileptiform discharges (FIEDs) during routine EEGs were selected for all-night EEG recording before, and after 36 h of sleep deprivation. After sleep deprivation 6 of 8 patients showed increased FIEDs. The pooled mean number of FIEDs was greatest during light non-REM stages of sleep, especially stage II. Thus sleep deprivation is an effective activation method in medicated patients with complex partial seizures. However, a significant activation requires recording stage II sleep after sleep deprivation.
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PMID:The effect of sleep deprivation on the rate of focal interictal epileptiform discharges. 245 37

A 16-year-old patient presenting with complex partial seizures occurring in the transition from a REM period to wakefulness is described. His baseline EEG showed generalized and symmetrical slow spike and wave complexes, on a normal background activity, activated by NREM sleep. Polygraphic and videotape recordings, carried out for several nights, showed that after nearly each REM period, he would wake up briefly, presenting eye blinking followed by a burst of generalized hypersynchronous theta to start his seizures. These were characterized by moaning and autoaggressive behaviour, the ictal EEG showing generalized slow spike and wave complexes in the midst of several movement artifacts. At the end of each fit he fell back to REM sleep. Carbamazepine treatment completely resolved his symptoms, with full normalization of EEG activity.
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PMID:Nocturnal complex partial seizures precipitated by REM sleep. A case report. 278 40

We compared the nocturnal plasma prolactin (PRL) and beta-endorphin (B-E) concentrations prior to and after sleep deprivation (SD) in eight epileptic patients with complex partial seizures. After the period of SD (1) the mean number of interictal epileptiform discharges and the mean plasma PRL levels showed a significant rise during light non-REM stages of sleep, and (2) mean nocturnal plasma PRL and B-E concentrations showed a moderate rise during the first few hours of sleep, significant only for plasma PRL. In a patient with multiple complex partial seizures during sleep, the levels of plasma PRL and B-E concentrations were closely related to ictal discharges. The data obtained in this stress-free environment suggest a centrally mediated interaction between the release of PRL and B-E, in relation to epileptic discharges.
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PMID:The effect of epileptiform discharges on neurohormonal release in epileptic patients with complex partial seizures. 296 4

To investigate the effect of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) on plasma prolactin (PRL) level, we studied 18 epileptic patients with complex partial seizures (CPS) who did not experience clinical or subclinical ictal events during all-night monitoring with polygraphic recording and video imaging. The density of IEDs peaked during non-REM stages and was significantly reduced during REM stage. Mean plasma PRL concentrations in epileptic patients, when sampled at 30-min intervals, showed a moderate but significant elevation during non-REM (p less than 0.001) and awake stages (p less than 0.005), but not during REM stage, when compared with 10 nonepileptic control subjects studied in a similar fashion. The data obtained in this physiologically controlled environment indicate that the cumulative effect of IEDs may modify PRL regulatory mechanisms, resulting in a modest elevation of plasma concentrations independent of ictal discharges.
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PMID:Effect of interictal epileptiform discharges on nocturnal plasma prolactin concentrations in epileptic patients with complex partial seizures. 378 Jun 8

A sample of 19 neonates were exposed to sub- and suprathreshold acoustic stimuli. The experiment was performed with sleeping subjects. Stimuli, tones of 125, 250, 500 and 750 cps, third sounds of the same middle frequency and white noise, were applied only, if periods with no REM activity occurred. Stimulus intensity was varied from the subthreshold level (70-80 dB) to the suprathreshold level (80-100 dB). Polygraphic variables were recorded (EEG, EOG, instantaneous heart rate, respiration movements, actogram, motoric reactions and psychogalvanic reflex). The results showed, that with increasing stimulus intensity irregularities of respiratory parameters occurred. With further increase of stimulus intensity systematic changes in respiratory parameters and heart rate occurred. In addition to these changes, EEG activity and motoric reactions were obtained, when stimulus intensity reached a critical level. These data are consistent with the idea that at low stimulus intensities irregular vegetative reactions occur whereas systematic responses can be observed only, if stimulus intensity is above threshold. We conclude that with increasing stimulus intensity subcortical activity decreases whereas cortical activation increases.
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PMID:[Autonomic reflexes, EEG and partial arousal reaction in the near-threshold region to acoustic stimuli in the newborn]. 393 Feb 12

Depth spike activity was evaluated from medial temporal lobe sites using computer spike recognition techniques in all-night sleep records derived from 10 patients with medically refractory complex partial seizures. Sleep stages were classified into 1 of 4 groups: wakefulness, REM sleep, light sleep and deep sleep. Some disturbance in the periodicity of the sleep cycle was noted in most patients, but the relative proportions of REM sleep, light sleep and deep sleep were close to that reported for normals. Depth spike activity was observed to be most frequent in a majority of sites during deep sleep in 6 patients and during light sleep in 3 patients. In 1 patient equal numbers of sites showed maximal activation during light sleep and deep sleep. In 4 patients, certain sites in the more epileptogenic lobe demonstrated a maximal rate during waking or REM sleep. All patients reported in this study were considered to be suitable for temporal lobectomy. In contrast to the results obtained from a previous study, the side with the site demonstrating maximal mean spike rate did not necessarily correspond to the side chosen for lobectomy. Significant correspondence across patients between the more epileptogenic lobe and maximal spike rate was not found during waking and was further reduced during light sleep and deep sleep. The correspondence was, however, significant during REM sleep and for the side containing the site demonstrating the smallest activation in mean spike rate during light sleep or deep sleep relative to waking. These results indicate that an analysis of sleep induced changes in depth spike activity can be useful in improving predictions concerning epileptogenicity. Quantification of other aspects of the interictal EEG, such as background activity, may further improve such predictions.
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PMID:Sleep state and seizure foci related to depth spike activity in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. 615 35

We recorded all-night sleep EEG's of six healthy male volunteers (age 23 to 29 years) from F3, F4, P3, P4, 01, 02, T3, T4 to Cz as reference electrode. Power and coherence spectra were calculated for ten frequency bands from 0-30 cps. We examined their changes through the different cycles of all sleep stages. In general there was a decrease in power as well as in coherence from the 1st to the 4th cycle of the different sleep stages with some variations depending on frequency and derivation. The highest power was most often in the 1st cycle in stages REM, 2, 3 and 4, whereas in stage 1 it was most often in the 2nd cycle. The trends in power from the 1st to the 4th cycle were similar for stages REM and 2 with a power decrease from the 1st to the 2nd cycle. In stage 1 there was most often a power increase between these two cycles. Coherence maxima were for stages REM, 1, 2 and 3 most often in the 1st cycle, for stage 4 most often in the 2nd cycle. The coherence trends were similar for stages 1 and 2 with a decrease most often from the 1st to the 2nd cycle. In stage REM the decline was more constantly found from the 2nd to the 3rd cycle. The power trends were more consistent than the coherence trends. We found more often similar power changes from the 1st to the 4th cycle of a specific sleep stage than similar coherence changes.
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PMID:[Temporal dynamics of spectral EEG parameters during nocturnal sleep in healthy adults]. 642 30

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements were combined with sleep polysomnography in nine patients with complex partial seizures. Two methods were used: the 133Xe method for measuring regional (rCBF) and the stable xenon CT method for local (LCBF). Compared to nonepileptic subjects, who show diffuse CBF decreases during stages I-II, non-REM sleep onset, patients with complex partial seizures show statistically significant increases in CBF which are maximal in regions where the EEG focus is localized and are predominantly seen in one temporal region but are also propagated to other cerebral areas. Both CBF methods gave comparable results, but greater statistical significance was achieved by stable xenon CT methodology. CBF increases are more diffuse than predicted by EEG paroxysmal activity recorded from scalp electrodes. An advantage of the 133Xe inhalation method was achievement of reliable data despite movement of the head. This was attributed to the use of a helmet which maintained the probes approximated to the scalp. Disadvantages were poor resolution (7 cm3) and two-dimensional information. The advantage of stable xenon CT method is excellent resolution (80 mm3) in three dimensions, but a disadvantage is that movement of the head in patients with seizure disorders may limit satisfactory measurements.
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PMID:Cerebral blood flow during paroxysmal EEG activation induced by sleep in patients with complex partial seizures. 716 22

Sleepiness is a common complaint in the epilepsy clinic, and sleep disturbances are frequently reported by seizure patients. Polysomnography was performed in 6 patients with complex partial seizures, with and without secondary generalization, who had not yet started anticonvulsant treatment or whose medication had been discontinued. Five patients sleep through the night, but 1 slept only 3 hours. Two patients had reduced sleep efficiency and slow wave sleep was reduced or absent in 4 patients. No REM sleep disturbances occurred. Two patients had almost no periodic leg movements of sleep (PLMS), 2 had few or no arousals and PLMS indices of 5 or less, and 2 had markedly elevated PLMS and arousal indices. No apneas or significant hypopneas were recorded, but snoring indices were elevated in 2 patients. These findings suggest that sleep apnea is infrequent in unmedicated seizure patients. Some patients may have exaggerated PLMS with arousals, possibly related to epileptiform discharge and perhaps exacerbated by medications, but apparently not due to nocturnal seizures.
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PMID:Sleep apnea and periodic leg movements in epilepsy. 781 95


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