Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0149958 (complex partial seizures)
 2,563 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The theme of death highlighted the depersonalization phenomena of four patients with complex partial seizures. These patients became preoccupied with death in association with psychomotor seizures, visual hallucinations, and altered perception of time and reality. The episodic sense of being dead or of having an appointment with death is a clue to the diagnosis of recurrent complex partial seizures even without overt motor stigmata of seizures. The syndrome differs from fear of death, steroid psychosis, the "near death syndrome," and Cotard's syndrome. Adjustment of antiseizure medication is an important therapeutic maneuver.
 ...
PMID:The theme of death in complex partial seizures. 650 64

Clinical features associated with a successful or unsuccessful response to high dose antiepileptic drug therapy were evaluated prospectively in 82 patients with chronic complex partial seizures. Complete seizure control was observed during high dose drug therapy in 18 patients at plasma concentrations of either 9-35 micrograms/ml phenytoin, 32 and 40 micrograms/ml phenobarbitone, 8 micrograms/ml carbamazepine, or a combination of 25 micrograms/ml phenobarbitone and 4 micrograms/ml carbamazepine. Patients who became free of seizures had a markedly lower number of three seizures (range: 1-29) in the year before the high dose treatment as compared to 40 seizures (range: 3-328) in patients with an increased or unchanged seizure frequency (p less than 0.0001). Complex partial seizures without automatism were found only in patients with complete seizure control (22%). Patients whose seizures remained uncontrolled more frequently gave a history of severe depression or psychotic episodes, clusters of complex partial seizures, two or more seizures per day, and an aura preceding the attack. The results suggest that taking a careful history will uncover clinical features associated with a successful or unsuccessful response to high dose antiepileptic drug therapy in an epileptic out-patient with chronic complex partial seizures.
 ...
PMID:Prognosis of chronic epilepsy with complex partial seizures. 651 48

Ten epileptic patients developed interictal psychosis while being treated in hospital for seizure control. They were subjected to intensive behavioral, video-electroencephalographic, and serum anticonvulsant monitoring for an average of 7.1 weeks in a specialized epilepsy unit. In 9 patients, the interictal psychosis was indistinguishable from acute schizophrenia. Only 5 of these patients had complex partial seizures; the other 4 showed evidence of generalized epilepsies. Thus a "unique" association between schizophreniform psychosis and complex partial seizures, noted by previous authors, could not be confirmed. Only 1 patient showed normalization of the electroencephalogram during psychosis and an inverse relationship between psychosis and seizure frequency. In most cases the emergence of psychosis could not be explained. Interictal psychosis in epilepsy appears to be a spectrum of disorders that may be multifactorially determined.
 ...
PMID:Intensive monitoring of interictal psychosis in epilepsy. 711 11

Previous investigations have reported that individuals with complex partial seizures (CPS) who also have experienced other types of seizures manifested more psychopathology than individuals with CPS who experienced only that type of seizure. These previous studies failed to match their seizure subgroups on important variables known to bear significant relationships with psychopathology, and the possibility that the previous results were due to artifact cannot be excluded. Thirty-three individuals with CPS only were compared to 34 individuals with both complex partial and secondarily generalized attacks (CPS/SG). The groups were closely matched on several potentially confounding variables and compared on Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) measures of overall psychopathology, aggression, and psychosis. The CPS/SG group manifested significantly more psychopathology on all the MMPI measures and it was concluded that the multiple seizure type effect is real and robust. These findings were related to the larger epilepsy/ psychopathology literature.
 ...
PMID:Increased psychopathology associated with multiple seizure types: fact or artifact? 717 26

Aggressive behaviour in epileptics may have many causes which are connected more or less closely with epilepsy. Ictal aggression is very rare. In the case of a patient with complex partial seizures and a schizophrenia-like psychosis different forms of generation of aggressive behaviour are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Differential diagnosis of aggressive behavior in epilepsy]. 789 36

The hypofrontality theory of the pathogenesis of schizophrenia predicts that cortical lesions cause psychosis. During a search for abnormalities of catecholaminergic neurotransmission in patients with complex partial seizures of the mesial temporal lobe, we discovered an increase of the rate of metabolism of an exogenous dopa tracer (6-[18F]fluoro-L-dopa) in the neostriatum of a subgroup of patients with a history of psychosis. When specifically assayed for this abnormality, patients with schizophrenia revealed the same significant increase of the rate of metabolism in the striatum. The finding is consistent with the theory that a state of psychosis arises when episodic dopamine excess is superimposed on a trait of basic dopamine deficiency in the striatum. The finding is explained by the hypothesis that cortical insufficiency, a proposed pathogenetic mechanism of both disorders, causes an up-regulation of the enzymes responsible for dopa turnover in the neostriatum as well as the receptors mediating dopaminergic neurotransmission.
 ...
PMID:Elevated dopa decarboxylase activity in living brain of patients with psychosis. 797 18

Zonisamide (ZNS)-induced behavior disorders are reported in a 1-year-old girl and a 3-year-old boy. Both patients, who had no previous developmental or mental problems, displayed secondarily generalized motor seizures. Serum concentrations of ZNS were not high, 8.8 and 12.3 micrograms/ml (effective range 10-30 micrograms/ml) respectively. Although many cases of ZNS-related psychotic reactions and/or behavior disorders have been reported, all affected patients had complex partial seizures (CPS) and had received combination therapy with phenytoin (PHT). Thus, whether the disorders were induced only by ZNS, by an interaction between ZNS and PHT, or by CPS could not be determined. In the children reported, however, ZNS clearly induced behavior disorders at plasma ZNS levels within or even below the therapeutic range.
 ...
PMID:Zonisamide-induced behavior disorder in two children. 815 65

Prior studies have incompletely established a relationship between epilepsy and schizophrenia, primarily because of methodological difficulties. We undertook a two-part retrospective investigation of neurology clinic patients with epilepsy and schizophrenia. Part I: Interictal schizophrenic disorders occurred in 149 (9.25%) of 1,611 epileptic outpatients, compared with only 23 (1.06%) of 2,167 migraine outpatients. Part II: Among age- and sex-matched groups, we compared 62 epilepsy-with-schizophrenia patients with 62 epilepsy patients on six seizure variables, and we compared them with 62 schizophrenia patients on 10 psychosis variables. The epilepsy-with-schizophrenia group had a later epilepsy age of onset with more complex partial seizures, more patients with auras, and fewer patients with generalized epilepsy. Except for increased suicidal behavior, epileptic patients did not differ from controls on psychosis variables; however, psychotic symptoms often emerged with increased seizure activity. Together these results support a distinct association of schizophrenic disorders with epilepsy, particularly with seizures emanating from the temporal limbic system.
 ...
PMID:Schizophrenia in epilepsy: seizure and psychosis variables. 818 35

We studied 30 patients with postictal psychosis and compared them with 33 patients with acute interictal psychosis and 25 patients with chronic psychosis. All patients had either complex partial seizures (CPS) or EEG temporal epileptogenic foci. Patients with postictal psychosis had a high incidence of psychic auras and nocturnal secondarily generalized seizures. The most striking feature that distinguished postictal psychosis from both acute interictal and chronic psychoses was phenomenological: the relatively frequent occurrence of grandiose delusions as well as religious delusions in the setting of markedly elevated moods and feeling of mystic fusion of the body with the universe. In addition, postictal psychosis exhibited few schizophreniform psychotic traits such as perceptual delusions or voices commenting. Reminiscence, mental diplopia, and a feeling of impending death were also fairly frequent complaints of patients with postictal psychosis. Interictal acute psychosis and chronic epileptic psychosis were psychopathologically similar. Although acute interictal and chronic epileptic psychoses could simulate schizophrenia, postictal psychosis results in a mental state quite different from that of schizophrenic psychosis.
 ...
PMID:Postictal psychosis: a comparison with acute interictal and chronic psychoses. 864 Dec 32

Behavioural disturbances and psychotic reactions are commoner in patients with epilepsy than in the general population and may be precipitated by the majority of antiepileptic drugs, including the newer ones. These reactions may be more frequent in patients with complex partial seizures, reflecting underlying temporal lobe pathology. A review of the literature on vigabatrin found an incidence of severe abnormal behaviour in controlled trials in adults of 3.4%. In children open studies gave an incidence of around 6%. This may be related to dosage and speed of introduction. Such reactions may be related to changes in seizure control, either unaccustomed good control (force normalisation) or breakdown in control, implying non-specific causative mechanisms. Alternatively, any relationship to control may be fortuitous and specific, unknown pharmacological mechanisms may be involved. Appropriate risk reduction measures include slow introduction, limiting the dose to that required for seizure control, slow withdrawal and increased vigilance in those on polytherapy or with psychiatric histories. Such advice is pertinent to all antiepileptic medications. Additionally, vigabatrin is probably contraindicated in idiopathic generalised epilepsies. Behavioural reactions are uncommon with vigabatrin, and have not been shown to be greater with it than with other antiepileptic agents. Therefore, it maybe inappropriate to withhold the drug from those who may benefit from it.
 ...
PMID:Psychotic and severe behavioural reactions with vigabatrin: a review. 908 90


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>