Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149958 (complex partial seizures)
 2,563 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with fits of laughter due to a tumorous alteration (hyperplasia) of the floor of the third ventricle is described with electroencephalographic findings indicative of focal epilepsy (complex partial seizures = psychomotor fits). The laughter is interpreted as an inborn emotional expression with structural substrate in the hypothalamus and neighboring brain. With structures remaining intact functional disorders in this area can cause epileptic phenomena with participation of the limbic system.
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PMID:Fits of laughter (gelastic epilepsy) with a tumour of the floor of the third ventricle. A video tape analysis. 6 51

Grand mal type of sequential spike discharges at 8-12 cps are rare as interseizure phenomena. When the grand mal component is prominent, it usually indicates a greater tendency for major convulsions. The case of a 15 year old girl who developed akinetic seizures along with her menarche and whose electroencephalogram showed recurring sharp waves at 10-11 cps, is reported, and its clinical significance discussed.
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PMID:"Grand mal type" of spike discharge as interseizure phenomenon. 11 38

Altitude convulsion threshold was used for determining the maximal hypoxic tolerance of the mouse during whole-body transverse vibration. Elevation of the lung weight-body weight ratio was taken as evidence of lung edema. It was observed that vibration of 8 cps at 2 mm displacement (peak to peak) or 4 cps at 4 mm displacement did not affect the altitude convulsion threshold and the said ratio. On the other hand, vibration of 12 cps at 2 mm displacement, or 8 and 12 cps at 4 mm displacement caused an increase in a altitude convulsion threshold as well as lung edema. The possible mechanism of these changes is discussed.
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PMID:Influence of whole-body mechanical vibration on altitude convulsion threshold. 75 85

A pedigree of benign familial neonatal convulsions (BFNC) was reported. Seven members of two generations experienced convulsions in the neonatal period and/or in early infancy. All of these members except one had a good prognosis. One member who had infantile spasms was uneventfully delivered at 37 weeks of gestation, with a birth weight of 2,562 g and, without trouble during pregnancy. At the age of 20 days, she began to have adversive seizures. Later, she developed complex partial seizures and infantile spasms at 1 month and 10 days of age. Interictal EEG showed hypsarrhythmia. Biochemical investigations and MRI of the head revealed no abnormality. Treatment with sodium valproate and carbamazepine succeeded in stopping the seizures and she had no seizures after 3 months. But her psychomotor development was moderately delayed at 8 months. No case with severe epilepsy such as infantile spasms has been reported in the previous literature on BFNC. From our experience, early treatment and careful follow-up are considered to be important for BFNC.
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PMID:[Benign familial neonatal convulsions in a family with one member with infantile spasms]. 141 73

Fifty-four idiopathic status convulsivus (SC) cases were followed prospectively for a period between 5 and 21 years, the average being 13 years. Three-fourths of the cases had no residuals. There were two patterns of subsequent epilepsy; 1) complex partial seizures (CPS) with or without secondarily generalization (GTS) developed 4.3 +/- 3.5 years after febrile SC, 2) unilateral seizures or CPS +/- GTS developed 1.2 +/- 1.0 years after afebrile SC. The seizure prognosis of these cases was good except for some cases in the former group. There have been two kinds of theories regarding SC and epilepsy until now. One was derived from retrospective studies: SC and/or complex febrile convulsion (FC) were considered the main causes of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) producing mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS). Another was derived from prospective studies, in which the relation between FC and TLE was considered weak. Our results revealed that 6 cases (15%) out of 30 febrile SC developed epilepsy, and that five of those six cases were diagnosed as CPS. Three of 5 CPS cases were diagnosed as TLE. Recently the seizure prognosis of operative therapy for TLE--especially the MTS type--has been very favorable. Furthermore, it has become easy to find MTS by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). So, we emphasize that a precise follow-up study of SC using MRI, EEG, etc., is important in deciding the appropriate therapy for TLE, as well as in the study of the pathogenesis of TLE.
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PMID:A long-term follow-up study of first episodes of idiopathic status convulsivus in childhood: in relation to subsequent epilepsy (second report). 143 52

We report a patient with partial seizure and gigantic heterotopic gray matter. A 23-year-old young man was admitted to our hospital with complaints of frequent epileptic seizures and psychiatric symptoms. There was psychomotor delay in infancy. At the age of 4 years, afebrile convulsions appeared on several occasions. Seizures characterized by a lapse of consciousness started at the age of 13 years. He often stayed in a fantasy world and became very emotional at such time. Cranial CT demonstrated an irregularity in the wall of right lateral ventricle and disappearance of the posterior horn on the same side. This lesion, adjacent to that wall, had a signal intensity that was similar to that of the gray matter on each sequence in MRI. Histopathology of this lesion showed a number of large and small neurons. Therefore, heterotopic gray matter was diagnosed. MRI demonstrated wide cortices suggesting polymicrogyria in the right parietal lobe. Complex partial seizures with eye deviation to the left were recognized. Interictal EEG showed frequent high voltage spikes in the right temporal, fronto-temporal and parieto-occipital areas independently. Therefore, epileptic foci were thought to exist in or around those lesions.
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PMID:[A patient with gigantic heterotopic gray matter with epileptic seizures]. 152 May 66

In nine of 62 children with benign occipital epilepsy (BOE) the onset was stormy and alarming. The first and often only seizure was characterised by prolonged loss of consciousness lasting up to 12 hours, suggesting an acute cerebral insult. In all but one case there was a tonic aversion either of eyes alone or of both head and eyes which was interpreted as conjugate deviation. The other accompanying ictal motor phenomena were either partial or generalised convulsions. In five patients the seizure was heralded by a headache, and in five cases was accompanied by vomiting. The seizure began with visual symptoms in only one patient. The seizure occurred while awake in seven and during sleep in two. The age at onset was from 3 1/4 to 10 years. Interictal EEGs showed occipital discharges typical of BOE, and the clinical course was benign. In four cases a few partial or complex partial seizures recurred during subsequent anticonvulsant therapy, but in five cases seizures never recurred. Anticonvulsants were discontinued in five patients who remained free from seizures for one to 11 1/2 years after withdrawal of treatment. Sudden coma in a child associated with focal features such as tonic deviation of the head or eyes or both may represent a benign seizure disorder.
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PMID:Stormy onset with prolonged loss of consciousness in benign childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms. 154 98

Although the impact of psycho-social factors on the individual patient with epilepsy has been widely investigated, the influence of the illness on the family as a whole is still underestimated. By means of the Family Assessment Measure (FAM III), a well-validated instrument, we investigated which measurable influence the epilepsy of one child had on the functioning of the families. Data from a group of 72 families with a child suffering from epilepsy (EG), but without any other handicap were analysed and compared with those of 75 families with a child with severe mental retardation (SMG) and 76 control families (CG). Data were gathered through home visits. Only complete families were studied. Results showed that the EG was similar to the SMG in all 3 scales of FAM III, but differed significantly from the CG. In 26% of the families in EG and in 19% of the SMG clear signs of family malfunctioning were found, as compared with 6.5% of the CG. Family disfunctioning in EG was of a greater variety that in SMG. We found that within the EG the type of seizures (41 patients with generalized tonic clonic fits, 10 with complex partial seizures and 21 with absences) did not have any impact on the results. In addition, neither the duration of the illness nor the absolute length of seizure-free periods seemed to matter. Only families who had the subjective feeling that their children were still suffering from epilepsy showed significantly higher rates of family malfunctioning. Summarizing, we found that epilepsy in a child can have a severe impact, not only on his individual life and on the mother-child relationship, but on the functioning of his family as the whole. This fact should be taken into account in the treatment of these children and should influence family counselling, as well.
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PMID:[Function and structure of families with an epileptic child]. 211 9

The effects of sleep and sleep deprivation on epilepsy are well known, but the effects of seizures and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on sleep have been less well studied. We recorded nocturnal sleep in 17 patients receiving antiepileptic monotherapy with ambulatory cassette EEG devices. Twelve patients had complex partial seizures and five had tonic-clonic convulsions. Two patients' seizures were largely nocturnal, and no seizures occurred during sleep recording. Five patients each were taking phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), and valproate (VPA), and two were taking clonazepam (CZP), all with therapeutic serum levels and no toxic symptoms. Total sleep time was reduced, wakefulness increased, and sleep latency prolonged in partial seizures as compared with generalized epilepsy. REM sleep was reduced and its latency decreased in partial seizure patients. Both groups had decreased slow wave sleep; that of partial seizure patients was decreased more markedly. PHT increased sleep latency and decreased sleep time, and CBZ increased awakening and diminished slow wave and REM sleep. Patients taking VPA had slight reduction in slow wave sleep; those taking CPZ had decreased sleep and REM latencies. Epilepsy may affect nocturnal sleep, and the effects of partial and generalized seizure disorders may be different. AEDs may also have differential effects on nighttime sleep. These may prove important in the long-term management of epileptic patients.
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PMID:Outpatient sleep recording during antiepileptic drug monotherapy. 211 39

The pattern of epilepsy and other convulsive disorders in 1,000 consecutive Saudi nationals is described. These disorders were common with a hospital frequency rate of 8 per 1,000. Men were more frequently affected than women and 60% of the patients were under 10 years old at the onset of their illness. The epilepsies were the commonest type (74%). Febrile convulsions (20%) presented mainly between the ages of one and five years. Isolated seizures (3%) and acute symptomatic convulsions (3%) were uncommon. In the epileptic group, generalised seizures (71%) were more frequent than partial (29%) and complex partial seizures occurred mainly in those above 21 years old. Absences (4%), infantile spasms (3%) and atonic seizures (3%) were uncommon. No specific etiology of the epilepsy was determined in the majority of the cases (63%). The identified major etiologic factors of the epilepsies were perinatal encephalopathy (21%), cerebral trauma (11%), sequelae of meningitis or encephalitis (2%), brain tumors (0.5%), and vascular lesions such as stroke and arteriovenous malformation. Perinatal encephalopathy accounted for 40% of the epilepsies in children less than 5 years old, and trauma for 20% of those above 20 years old. A family history of epilepsy in close relations was obtained in 23% of the cases, and the consanguinity rate among the parents was 53%. The high incidence of associated perinatal encephalopathy found in this study suggests that perinatal factors play a major role in the pathogenesis of epilepsy in Saudi Arabia. The high frequency of cerebral trauma was also striking. Although consanguinity of the parents appeared not to be a major factor in the genetics of convulsive disorders in this environment, it might have potentiated the tendency of familial aggregation of convulsive disorders in this community. Consanguinity may be an important factor in the production of some of these disorders but its precise role has not been determined.
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PMID:Epilepsy and other convulsive disorders in Saudi Arabia: a prospective study of 1,000 consecutive cases. 212 16


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