Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149925 (small cell lung cancer)
 6,491 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Brain FDG-PET after radiation therapy is classically used to differentiate between tumor recurrence and radiation-related tumor necrosis. Little is known about FDG-PET in patients with radiation-induced leukoencephalopathy without radiological aspect of necrosis. We present a 69-year-old woman who had preventive whole brain radiation after a diagnosis of paraneoplastic Lambert-Eaton syndrome related to small cell lung cancer Five months after radiation therapy, she developed radiation-induced leukoencephalopathy manifested by ataxia. Profound cerebellar hypometabolism on FDG-PET was in contrast with the presence of only discrete cerebellar white matter changes on MRI. FDG-PET abnormalities seem to correlate better with clinical signs related to radiation-associated brain toxicity than MRI.
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PMID:Radiation therapy-related ataxia associated with FDG-PET cerebellar hypometabolism. 2051 35

We report an adult female with a small cell lung cancer (SCLC) pituitary metastasis who presented with seizures and headache. While headache is a common presentation of pituitary metastases, seizures have been very rarely reported. The patient was found on MRI to have a suprasellar tumor with pituitary infundibulum involvement. She underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of the tumor which was shown to be metastatic SCLC. Subsequent imaging revealed widespread systemic metastases. The patient subsequently underwent chemotherapy.
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PMID:Small cell lung cancer metastasis in the pituitary gland presenting with seizures and headache. 2123 53

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is a rare neurologic condition characterised by specific clinical and radiologic findings. It usually manifests subacutely as insidious onset of headache, visual disturbance, altered consciousness and seizures in association with MRI findings of posterior white matter vasogenic oedema. RPLS has been reported in a wide variety of clinical settings. Hypertension, eclampsia, pre-eclampsia, renal impairment, autoimmune conditions and cytotoxic drugs are all cited as aetiologic variables. RPLS, albeit rare, is an important entity for physicians to be aware of as early recognition, and prompt intervention is critical to ensure resolution of the neurological deficit. We describe the case of a 69-year-old lady who collapsed with seizure activity after receiving carboplatin and etoposide chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer. In our opinion, the clinical and radiological courses are typical of RPLS. RPLS has rarely been reported secondary to this chemotherapy regimen, and the purpose of this report is to add to the literature and highlight the association between RPLS and cytotoxic chemotherapy.
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PMID:Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy induced by carboplatin and etoposide. 2139 May 16

Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (PLE) associated with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) often presents with antibodies to intracellular antigens and a poor outcome even after tumor resection and immunotherapy. We report a PLE patient presenting with generalized seizures, shortterm memory impairment and medial temporal lobe hyperintensity in MRI. Initial screening revealed significantly elevated thyroid antibody levels suggesting Hashimoto's encephalopathy. Following methylprednisolone treatment, her seizures ceased, MRI findings disappeared and memory impairment showed a partial resolution in 5 months. Two months later, she developed further generalized seizures. Chest X-ray showed a mass lesion, which was demonstrated by needle biopsy to be a small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). The panel of onconeural antibodies including cell-membrane antigens was negative. However, the patient's serum and cerebrospinal fluid IgG, obtained during both exacerbations, immunolabeled cytoplasm and dendrites of Purkinje cells, cerebellar and hippocampal molecular layers, basal ganglia, thalamus, and the surface of cultured hippocampal neurons, in a manner distinct from previously identified neuropil antibodies associated with SCLC. These neuropil antibodies appear to be associated with a favorable response to treatment. Further studies are required for determination of the target antigen.
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PMID:Steroid-responsive recurrent limbic encephalitis associated with small cell lung cancer and neuropil antibodies. 2174 34

For many years, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been staged using the Veterans Affairs classification system, which includes only 2 stages: limited (primary tumor and regional lymph nodes within a tolerable radiation field) and extensive (anything beyond limited stage). The TNM staging system used for non-small cell lung cancer is also prognostic for SCLC and should be integrated into the classification scheme for patients with SCLC. The staging workup for SCLC has traditionally included contrast-enhanced CT scans of the chest and abdomen, bone scan, and MRI or CT scan of the brain. Recent data suggest that PET can improve both staging accuracy and treatment planning in patients with SCLC, although further prospective studies are needed to fully define its role.
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PMID:Modern staging of small cell lung cancer. 2330 85

Limbic encephalitis (LE) was described for the first time in 1960 as a clinico-pathologic syndrome in adults. Noninfectious LE usually demonstrates features of the paraneoplastic syndrome and is attributed in most cases to small cell lung cancer. Infectious LE is overwhelmingly caused by the herpes simplex virus. Non-paraneoplastic variants of LE (NPLE) are associated with autoimmune diseases and demonstrate antibodies against cell membrane antigens. However, there are cases of NPLE diagnosed on the basis of the clinical picture, MRI findings, absence of tumor, and long-term follow-up results, which do not reveal the aforementioned antibodies, are not preceded by symptoms of acute febrile infection, and present with temporal lobe epilepsy as the prominent symptom. NPLE is a potentially reversible variant of LE. Until now, no diagnostic consensus as regards LE subtypes has been achieved. The authors present current diagnostic criteria and propose recommendations concerning treatment.
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PMID:[Limbic encephalitis: a review of the literature]. 2338 41

Patients with small cell lung cancer present initially with brain metastases in 10 to 24 % of the cases when detected respectively by CT scan or Gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the brain. The aim of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of brain metastases from small cell lung cancer in first and second line: in fact, there are only case reports, small phase II studies and one phase III study. In spite of the scarcity of these data, the efficacy of the systemic treatment is shown and the guidelines recommend the use of chemotherapy, particularly in asymptomatic patients.
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PMID:[Chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer with brain metastases]. 2339 51

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is considered as a disease with poor prognosis and early metastasis with a very short survival. Endobronchial involvement is fairly common finding in SCLC and can cause respiratory symptoms. In this report we present a 47-year-old man diagnosed with small cell lung cancer. In the disease course, primary involvement of right bronchus spread to left bronchus and carina. Scheduled sessions of bronchoscopic interventions with electrocautery and argon plasma coagulation were used to maintain his large airways open. The intrabronchial interventions were accompanied by six courses of cisplatin-based chemotherapy as a standard treatment. Although patient's definite diagnosis was extensive SCLC, he remained in a good condition for 5 years. In last year of his follow up, headache and dizziness were added to his occasional respiratory symptoms. Brain MRI identified metastatic lesion in his brain. Hence, brain radiotherapy was suggested, but he refused further aggressive treatment. Seven months later, he died of brain metastatic lesion. Considering long survival of this patient with adequate and proper scheduled endobronchial interventions along with standard courses of chemotherapy, we conclude that this combined treatment strategy in patients with endobronchial involvement might increase survival.
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PMID:Long-term survival of a small cell lung cancer patient with proper endobronchial management. 2342 51

Limbic encephalitis is one of the most common paraneoplastic neurological syndromes, which is mostly associated with small cell lung cancer, testicular tumors, and breast cancer. F-FDG PET/CT can have an important role both in the identification of limbic encephalitis itself and in the detection of the unknown malignancy that might have caused it. We report a case of a 57-year-old female patient with paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis, confirmed both by MRI and F-FDG PET/CT, and the concurrent identification of an unknown lung malignancy by whole-body PET/CT.
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PMID:Correlative imaging with (18)F-FDG PET/CT and MRI in paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis. 2353 69

A 46-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of behavioral changes. Her mentality was fluctuating vigorously and neurological examination revealed disorientation and word finding difficulty. MRI demonstrated bilateral frontal and right temporal lesions. Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed predominantly lymphocytic pleocytosis. Brain biopsy disclosed inflammation but not neoplasm. Repeated steroid therapy gave her a recovery in neurological manifestations and MRI findings. As we got a positive result of anti-Hu antibody after her complete recovery, we did screening for tumors and found small cell lung cancer. She got a chemotherapy and remains free of relapse of any symptoms. There have been few reports in that anti-Hu associated paraneolastic syndrome showed steroid responsive frontal lesions. We suggest that anti-Hu associated paraneoplastic encephalitis should be considered for steroid responsive encephalitis with brain lesions other than limbic system, because early detection of paraneoplastic encephalitis and timely antitumor treatment are important for patient's prognosis.
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PMID:[Steroid responsive anti-Hu-associated paraneoplastic encephalitis with bilateral frontal lobe lesions]. 2360 40


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