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Query: UMLS:C0149925 (small cell lung cancer)
 6,491 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We attempted to clarify whether serum levels of a carboxy-terminal fragment of ProGRP, ProGRP(31-98), could serve as a more accurate tumour marker in patients with SCLC than neuron-specific enolase (NSE). ProGRP(31-98) and NSE were measured retrospectively in 101 newly diagnosed untreated patients with SCLC, 111 with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 114 patients with non-malignant lung diseases. ProGRP(31-98) and NSE levels were determined using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Sensitivity in SCLC patients was 72.3% for ProGRP(31-98) and 62.4% for NSE. Comparing the area under curve (AUC) of 'receiver operator characteristics' of ProGRP(31-98) with that of NSE, ProGRP(31-98) was the more powerful marker in the diagnosis of SCLC (P = 0.0001). Serum levels of ProGRP(31-98) were higher in the 40 patients with extensive disease than in the 61 patients with limited disease (P = 0.0082). ProGRP(31-98) was significantly higher in patients with pure small-cell carcinoma than in patients with mixed small-cell/large-cell carcinoma (P = 0.02). In serial measurement in 16 patients responding to treatment, a high degree of correlation was noted between the decrease in serum ProGRP(31-98) levels and clinical response during the second week after treatment (P = 0.0045). These results indicate that the determination of serum ProGRP(31-98) levels plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of SCLC patients.
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PMID:Pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (31-98) as a tumour marker of small-cell lung cancer: comparative evaluation with neuron-specific enolase. 863 Feb 83

The sensitivity and specificity of Cyfra 21-1 as marker for lung cancer was evaluated in comparison with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). Patients with histologically verified lung cancer and different groups without lung cancer were investigated. Sensitivity of Cyfra 21-1 (cut-off level 2.9 micrograms/l) was 40% for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 60% for rare histological types and 21% for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). In NSCLC sensitivity of Cyfra 21-1 was 35% for squamous cell carcinoma and 41% for adenomous carcinoma. The highest sensitivity for CEA was 45% in NSCLC, with 57% in the subtype of adenomous cell carcinoma; for SCC 30% was achieved in squamous cell carcinoma and for NSE 66% sensitivity was reached in SCLC. In our patients Cyfra 21-1 and CEA appeared equally useful for evaluating patients with NSCLC.
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PMID:Evaluation of Cyfra 21-1 as a marker for lung cancer. 880 88

We evaluated the clinical and methodological features of the neuron-specific enolase radioimmunoassay (NSE RIA) (Pharmacia = Ph) with the neuron-specific enolase enzyme immunoassay (NSE EIA) on the ES 700 (Boehringer Mannheim = BM) and the NSE EIA on the Cobas Core System (Roche = Ro). A total of 253 serum samples obtained from 37 healthy persons, 45 patients with benign lung diseases, 124 patients with lung cancer (42 with small cell lung cancer, 23 with adenocarcinoma, 21 with squamous cell carcinoma, 11 with large cell carcinoma, and 27 with unknown histology), 34 with lung metastases, 7 patients with sarcoma and 6 patients with malign lymphatic diseases were stored at -80 degrees C and assayed retrospectively. The intra- and inter-assay imprecisions were lower for the automatized test systems than for the RIA. Correlation between the EIA's and the RIA was better for NSE (Ro) than for NSE (BM) (BM/Ph: r = 0.93 and slope = 0.54; Ro/Ph: r = 0.95, slope = 0.79), but weaker than the correlation between the two EIA's: over the whole range r = 0.96, neuron-specific enolase < 50 micrograms/l: r = 0.97, neuron-specific enolase < 20 micrograms/l: r = 0.92. Fixing the specificity at 95% versus benign lung diseases we found a cut off value of 11.9 micrograms/l for NSE RIA (Ph), 15.9 micrograms/l for NSE EIA (BM) and 13.5 micrograms/l for NSE EIA (Ro). Based on this specificity of 95% versus benign lung diseases as the clinically relevant reference group, the sensitivity for NSE RIA was 32% for all lung cancer and 45% for small cell lung cancer, for NSE EIA (BM) 35% for all lung cancer and 43% for small cell lung cancer, the NSE EIA (Ro) had a sensitivity of 42% for all lung cancer and 57% for small cell lung cancer. In a follow-up study of two patients with small cell lung cancer a good comparability for all three assays in the kinetics, but a marked difference in the neuron-specific enolase value levels was found. The results show that the NSE EIA (Ro) on Cobas Core system is the most sensitive assay for the detection of small cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Methodological and clinical evaluation of two automated enzymatic immunoassays as compared with a radioimmunoassay for neuron-specific enolase. 887 47

The capacity of pretherapeutically assessed neuron-specific enolase (NSE) to differentiate between small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and mediastinal tumors was investigated retrospectively in a series of 320 patients. NSE was found to be increased in 95/130 (73.1%) patients with SCLC, in 4/62 (6.5%) patients with Hodgkin's disease, in 10/58 (17.2%) patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, in 5/16 (31.3%) patients with teratoma, and in 6/54 (11.1%) patients with thymoma. The cut-off value, defined as the 95% percentile of a reference population suffering from benign pulmonary disorders (n = 192), was set at 13.8 ng/ml. When this discrimination level was increased to 26.4 ng/ml, which corresponds to a 95% specificity versus the total group with mediastinal tumors, SCLC was recognized with a detection rate of only 49.2%. In conclusion, increased NSE concentrations in a patient with a hilar mass and/or mediastinal widening on X-ray are not always diagnostic of SCLC due to the high rate of elevated NSE values associated with mediastinal tumors. However, in a patient who presents with a hilar mass and a high NSE level, bronchoscopy is always indicated to obtain adequate specimens for histology in order to plan an appropriate therapeutic regimen.
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PMID:Do neuron-specific enolase levels discriminate between small-cell lung cancer and mediastinal tumors? 893 52

We evaluated the diagnostic utility of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC Ag.) in malignant pleural effusion (MPE). CEA, NSE and SCC Ag, blood and pleural levels were quantified by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) in 85 patients with pleural effusions: 35 non malignant pleural effusions, and 50 MPE; 42 with lung carcinoma (LC), and 8 with extrapulmonary carcinoma. The sensitivity and specificity was compared to cytological results of the pleural fluid. The sensitivities of CEA7 NSE and SCC Ag. (in pleural fluid) were 59.5%, 48.7% and 16.7% respectively in patients with LC (specificity higher than 90%). Using a combination with CEA and NSE, the sensitivity reached 80.9% (specificity, 91.4%). The cytology of pleural fluid was positive in 45.2%. The pleural/blood ratios did not improve the diagnostic performance. In patients with extrapulmonary carcinoma, the sensitivity of these tumor markers was lower. The combination of CEA and NSE pleural levels is useful in the diagnostic approach to the patient with pleural effusion. A high level of NSE is suggestive of small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
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PMID:[Diagnostic utility of carcinoembryonic antigen, neuron-specific enolase and squamous cell carcinoma antigen in malignant pleural effusion]. 898 62

Two small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines have been established from malignant effusions obtained from an SCLC patient with hypercalcemia during a 3-month follow-up period. The two cell lines established were shown to transcribe the parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) gene and to constantly secrete fairly large amounts of PTHrP into the culture medium. The efficiency of PTHrP gene transcription and secretion was greater in the cell line established in the late stage (KOT-2) as compared with that obtained in the early stage (KOT-1). Immunohistochemical studies showed that these cells also coexpress neuroendocrine (NE) products such as chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
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PMID:Establishment of two human small cell lung cancer cell lines: the evidence of accelerated production of parathyroid hormone-related protein with tumor progression. 956 9

In the quest to define further prognostic indicators for small cell lung cancer we have combined standard prognostic evaluation of several tissue and serum markers with monitoring the capacity of tumor cells to bind a carrier-immobilized anthracyclin at the time of diagnosis. The prospective study on 150 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) was performed including the performance of immunohistochemical analysis [neuron-specific enolase (NSE), keratin, and vimentin], and serum marker measurements [NSE, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and CYFRA], flanked by compilation of data on clinical staging at the time of diagnosis, cytostatic drug regimen, remission rates, and survival of the patients. As innovative test substance we synthesized and histochemically exploited carrier-immobilized doxorubicin. The cohort includes 108 men and 42 women grouped into stage I (limited disease: 69 patients; median survival: 317 days), stage IIa (extensive disease IIa: 19 patients; median survival: 244 days), and stage IIb (extensive disease IIb: 62 patients; median survival: 202 days). An oat-cell type was diagnosed in 112 patients, an intermediate cell type in 32 patients, and a combined cell type in 6 patients. Immunohistochemically, 123 tumors (82%) were positive for NSE, 75 tumors (50%) positive for keratin, and 26 tumors (18%) positive for vimentin. In 101 tumors (67%) specific intracellular binding of doxorubicin could be detected. Elevated serum levels for CEA and NSE were associated with an unfavorable prognosis of the corresponding patients (CEA, 261 days vs 467 days; NSE, 316 days vs 414 days). 137 patients received chemotherapy (median survival: 356 days) and 13 patients were not treated (median survival: 119 days). The six patients with the combined cell type and other patients with negative tumor specimen concerning the capacity to bind the anthracyclin were subject of a significantly shortened survival period irrespective of the cytostatic regimen (277 days vs. 381 days). Despite the current uncertainty of the biochemical nature of the histochemically detectable binding, the technical feasibility of the given interdisciplinary approach encourages to further pursue the documentation of anthracyclin binding.
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PMID:Evaluation of histochemical anthracyclin binding as potential prognostic parameter in small cell lung cancer. 1042 19

Serum levels of fetal antigen 1 (FA1) were quantified pretherapeutically in 16 patients with pneumonia, 30 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and 10 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and compared to the normal reference interval (n = 177). Serum FA1 levels were significantly elevated in SCLC (p < 0. 0001) but not in pneumonia or NSCLC (p = 0.1467 and p = 0.3262, respectively). With the 95th centile of the normal range as cutoff level the sensitivity for SCLC was 43% and the specificity 96%. There was no correlation to neuron-specific enolase levels or to the diagnosis of limited/extensive disease. Immunohistochemical analysis of a biopsy from 1 SCLC patient with an elevated serum FA1 also showed the presence of FA1 in tumor cells. FA1 in serum from SCLC patients was identical to that of FA1 in normal serum/amniotic fluid with respect to size distribution and also revealed a reaction of immunological identity with FA1 in amniotic fluid.
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PMID:Elevated serum levels of fetal antigen 1,a member of the epidermal growth factor superfamily, in patients with small cell lung cancer. 1043 18

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) represents the gamma gamma- and alpha gamma- isoforms of the dimeric glycolytic enzyme enolase. NSE is predominantly found in neurons and neuroendocrine cells and has proven to be a marker for tumors derived from these cells. It is widely accepted in the monitoring of patients with small cell lung cancer and is also of value as an aid in diagnosis. Recently it has become of interest in the monitoring of brain damage. Monoclonal antibodies against gamma-enolase were raised in mice and selected for optimal performance on the Cobas Core enzyme immunoassay system. The antibody combination of choice was MAb 18E5 for capturing and MAb 84B10 for detection which is accomplished by using a horseradish peroxidase conjugate and the substrate 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine. The resulting assay is a one-step enzyme immunoassay of the sandwich type. It is performed on the fully automated Cobas Core immunoassay analyzer with a total assay time of 45 min. The sample volume is 10 microliters. Calibration is done by a 1-point recalibration using a lot-specific master calibration curve provided with the kit. The dynamic range is 0-200 ng/ml. The analytical detection limit (standard 0 + 2SD) of the Cobas Core NSE EIA II was 0.1 ng/ml. Intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were < 5% and < 6%, respectively. A Hook Effect was not observed up to a concentration of 20'000 ng/ml. Test results correlated closely with the well established polyclonal Cobas Core NSE EIA (r = 0.99). In summary, the Cobas Core NSE EIA II is a rapid, reliable and convenient test for measuring NSE in human serum.
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PMID:Development of a new automated enzyme immunoassay for the determination of neuron-specific enolase. 1047 Feb 36

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in the culture supernatant of the 65 pulmonary carcinoma cell lines: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) 18, large cell carcinoma 14, squamous cell carcinoma 14, adenocarcinoma 14 and adenosquamous cell carcinoma 5, were measured by a radioimmunoassay (RIA). The mean value of NSE was 30.8+/-22.4 ng/ml and 9.2+/-8.7 ng/ml in SCLC and non-SCLC, respectively. The mean value of CEA was 15.1+/-20.9 ng/ml and 26.6+/-72.3 ng/ml in SCLC and non-SCLC, respectively. A significant difference in NSE levels was obtained between SCLC cell lines and non-SCLC cell lines. In SCLC cell lines, a significant inverse proportional correlation was observed between NSE and CEA levels. The CEA production tended to be higher in cells with low levels of NSE than in those with high NSE production. With respect to correlation between marker production and growth characteristics of SCLC cells in vitro, significantly higher NSE and lower CEA levels were found in cells growing with floating colony or neurite like characteristics (classic cell type) than those in cells with epithelial or intermediate growth characteristics (variant cell type). A significant positive correlation between NSE levels and the survival periods was found in follow-up studies of 10 patients who underwent surgery with complete resection of the primary tumor. All of 4 long term survivors over 3 years after surgery had significantly high NSE and relatively low CEA producing tumors. The relationship of these markers to clinical status of the patient suggests that an analysis for correlation of NSE and CEA levels in SCLC patients may be useful to discriminate between a pure neuroendocrine SCLC tumor and a mixed small cell/large cell tumor, and in monitoring therapeutic effect and prognosis of each patient.
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PMID:The significance of NSE and CEA as a differentiation marker for the cellular heterogeneity of small cell lung cancer. 1062 7


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