Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0149925 (small cell lung cancer)
 6,491 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 15-year experience with paraneoplastic sensory neuronopathy at the Mayo Clinic is reviewed. Of 26 patients with paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy, 19 had small cell lung cancer, 4 had breast cancer, and 3 had other neoplasms. There was a striking predominance of females (20:6). Neuropathic symptoms (pain, paresthesia, sensory loss) were asymmetric at onset, with a predilection for the upper limbs; in three patients, symptoms were confined to the arms. Electrophysiologic testing revealed absent sensory responses and normal or minimally altered motor responses. Slightly more than half the patients had associated autonomic, cerebellar, or cerebral abnormalities. In some patients, treatment of the neoplasm seemed to halt progression of the neuronopathy, but none had neurologic improvement and most continued to worsen, even when the oncologic response was good. Distinguishing between paraneoplastic and nonparaneoplastic sensory neuronopathies can be difficult, but prominent neuropathic pain, neurologic dysfunction involving more than the peripheral sensory system, or an increased cerebrospinal fluid protein value should prompt a careful search for a cancer.
 ...
PMID:The distinctive clinical features of paraneoplastic sensory neuronopathy. 139 44

Neurologic toxicity occurring in patients treated with cisplatin chemotherapy is limited primarily to peripheral neuropathy and ototoxicity. Lhermitte's sign, electric-like paresthesias precipitated by cervical spine flexion, has recently been described as a self-limited complication in cisplatin-treated patients. We report the development of Lhermitte's sign accompanied by cervical motor neuropathy, dorsal column myelopathy, and sensory neuropathy in a patient treated with cisplatin and etoposide for small cell lung cancer. Persistence of the neurologic deficit suggests that potentially irreversible spinal cord toxicity may complicate treatment with this chemotherapy combination.
 ...
PMID:Spinal cord toxicity complicating treatment with cisplatin and etoposide. 216 Nov 75

A phase II-III study with cisplatinum alone or in combination was carried in 227 patients with advanced tumors. 21 received cisplatinum at 20 mg/mg2 daily five days. The other 206 patients received cisplatinum in different dosage and combination. In both groups of patients cisplatinum was given with hydratation and mannitol forced diuresis. There were 4 partial responders (19%) in the first group of patients and 117 responses (56,7%) in the other group with 43 complete responses in 35 germ cell tumors and 6 small cell lung cancer. Toxicity included 2 irreversible renal failure (0,8%), one in each group of patients. Clearance creatinine was below 50 ml/min before treatment in 22/227 (9,6%) of patients. Other toxic effects included gastrointestinal (100%) neurologic with paresthesias and electrophysiologic changes and hematologic suppression. We concluded that cisplatinum is a new effective agent in the treatment pf malignant diseases to be used every time in combination with other anticancer drugs.
 ...
PMID:[Phase II-III- study of cis-diaminodichloroplatinum (cisplatinum) (author's transl)]. 701 98

The present report is on a 72-year-old male patient with combined paraneoplastic sensory neuronopathy (PSN) and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) with small cell lung cancer. He noticed a painful paresthesia of the legs which advanced over seven days, and both hands became numb and painful. Three months later, he was found to have small cell lung cancer by mediastinoscopic examination. PSN was diagnosed by clinical symptoms and anti-Hu antibody, and LEMS was diagnosed by the waxing phenomenon on an electromyogram (incremental in compound muscle action potential up to 120%) and autoantibody against the presynaptic voltage-gated calcium channel. High titers of anti-Hu antibody were detected in the serum (1:12800) and cerebrospinal fluid (1:320). Although a partial response to chemoradiotherapy was obtained, the neurologic symptoms of PSN did not improve. The anti-Hu antibody titers obtained on five different occasions during the patient's clinical course did not change. The patient died from respiratory arrest six months after the initiation of therapy. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this combined form of disease, confirmed by both clinical and laboratory tests, is the rarest case ever to be reported.
 ...
PMID:Coexistence of paraneoplastic sensory neuronopathy and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome in a small cell lung cancer patient. 807 2

Gallium nitrate is a group IIIa metal that was found to be active in animal species. Gallium nitrate exerts its antitumor effects via a transferrin binding mechanism. This agent is of interest in small cell lung cancer since 26 of 27 small cell carcinoma cell lines tested had increased levels of transferrin receptors. In a phase I study using a continuous infusion, the dose limiting toxicity was nausea when gallium nitrate was given at doses of 400 mg/m2/day. Other effects included elevations of serum creatinine, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, decreased hearing and paresthesias. Activity has been seen in pretreated patients with malignant lymphoma, bladder carcinoma and small numbers of patients with small cell lung carcinoma. To determine the activity of continuous infusion gallium nitrate, this phase II trial was undertaken in patients with small cell lung cancer previously treated with chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:Phase II trial of gallium nitrate in previously treated patients with small cell lung cancer. 839 97

Twenty-two eligible patients with previously untreated extensive small cell lung cancer received intravenous vinorelbine 30 mg/M2 each week until progression. Response was assessed every 4 weeks by chest x-ray or every 8 weeks by CT scan. All responses had to be "confirmed" at all involved sites at least 4 weeks later. Fourteen patients were male and 8 were female with a median age of 64.5 years (range 38-76). Fifteen patients were Caucasian and 7 were African-American. One patient had a "confirmed" partial response, 3 had unconfirmed responses, 13 had stable or progressive disease, and 5 did not have adequate data. The median progression-free survival was 3 months with a median overall survival of 8 months. Thirteen patients experienced 22 episodes of grade 3 toxicity, more than half due to leukopenia and neutropenia, and 1 due to paresthesias. Of 4 episodes of grade 4 toxicity, 1 was due to leukopenia and 3 were due to hyponatremia which was not due to vinorelbine. Significant thrombocytopenia did not occur. The activity of single agent vinorelbine in untreated small cell lung cancer was disappointing when analyzed by Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) criteria. The median survival in this trial was similar to that found in other SWOG trials using cisplatin based front line therapy and thus confirms previously reported findings that initial treatment with a phase II agent followed by a cisplatin based regimen at progression does not adversely affect overall survival in this population of patients.
 ...
PMID:A phase II trial of intravenous vinorelbine in previously untreated patients with extensive small cell lung cancer, a Southwest Oncology Group study. 922 Feb 95

We report two cases of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis of lung cancer detected by MRI. Case 1: A 77-year-old man underwent chemotherapy and left lower lung lobectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (T2N0M0). About one year later, he complained of paresthesia of the lower extremities and claudication on walking, and then of weakness of the lower limbs and bladder dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an enhanced mass in the dural sac at the level of the spines of L1-2. Volume reduction surgery was promptly performed. The pathological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma. Case 2: A small cell carcinoma of lung with metastasis to bone, kidney and cerebellum (T4 N3 M1) in a 73-year-old man was diagnosed. He showed a partial response to chemotherapies and to whole brain radiation (45 Gy). Three months later, he presented sudden onset paraplegia, paraesthesia and bladder dysfunction. MRI demonstrated an enhancing intramedullary lesion that delineated the conus of the cauda equina, and T 2-weighted MRI images showed multiple nodules in sacs.
 ...
PMID:[Two cases of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis of lung cancer detected with MRI]. 1279 90

A 53-year-old man presented with an 8-week history of upper and lower limb paraesthesia. Neurological examination revealed a glove and stocking distribution of sensory loss. Sural nerve biopsy showed severe axonal neuropathy associated with microvasculitis. Positron-emission tomography and thoracic computed tomography helped in localising the underlying malignancy. A transbronchial biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Neuroimmunological studies identified anti-Hu antibodies and confirmed a paraneoplastic aetiology for his neuropathy. Treatment of small cell lung cancer with carboplatin and etoposide resulted in significant improvement of neurological symptoms. We report a case of a patient with SCLC and anti-Hu paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy with microvasculitis, and discuss the literature on prognosis of patients with SCLC with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes compared with patients with SCLC only.
 ...
PMID:Small cell lung cancer associated with anti-Hu paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy and peripheral nerve microvasculitis: case report and literature review. 1476 59

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a very aggressive clinical progression with widespread metastases. We describe the case of a patient with SCLC treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. One month later, after finishing the scheduled treatment, the patient was admitted to the hospital again with symptoms of low back pain that radiated to bilateral lower legs with painful paresthesias, urinary incontinence, and constipation. After a series of examinations, including bone scan and magnetic resonance imaging, the patient received an L2-L3 laminectomy. The concluded diagnosis through histopathologic examination with immunohistochemistry was extramedullary-intradural spinal metastasis causing cauda equina syndrome. The metastatic tumour originated from the SCLC. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of SCLC metastasized to the cauda equina causing cauda equina syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Extramedullary-intradural spinal metastasis of small cell lung cancer causing cauda equina syndrome. 2001 82

In Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS), antibodies against presynaptic voltage-gated calcium channels reduce the quantal release of acetylcholine, causing muscle weakness and autonomic dysfunction. More than half of the affected patients have associated small cell lung cancer, and thorough screening for an underlying malignancy is crucial. The mainstay of treatment for LEMS is symptomatic but immunotherapy is needed in more severely affected patients. Symptomatic therapies aim at increasing the concentration of acetylcholine at the muscle endplate. While acetylcholinesterase inhibitors were the first drugs to be used for the amelioration of symptoms, 3,4-diaminopyridine (3,4-DAP, amifampridine) has been shown to be more effective. 3,4-DAP blocks presynaptic potassium channels, thereby prolonging the action potential and increasing presynaptic calcium concentrations. This then results in increased quantal release of acetylcholine. The efficacy of 3,4-DAP for increasing muscle strength and resting compound muscle action potentials has been demonstrated by four placebo-controlled trials. Side effects are usually mild, and the most frequently reported are paresthesias. The most common serious adverse events are epileptic seizures. 3,4-DAP is currently the treatment of choice in patients with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Update on treatment options for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: focus on use of amifampridine. 2182 85


1 2 Next >>