Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149925 (small cell lung cancer)
 6,491 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Smoking is the primary factor responsible for the epidemic of squamous cell lung cancer (SqLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), however, there have been few studies which reported the relationship between smoking and SCLC in female patients. To examine the relationship between smoking and SCLC and SqLC in female patients, a retrospective chart review was performed in 877 patients with lung cancer diagnosed at Tsukuba University Hospital. In both SCLC and SqLC, the proportions of non-smokers were higher in female patients than those of male patients (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0001, respectively). A significant difference in smoking history was found between female and male patients who were diagnosed with SqLC and SCLC (p = 0.0001). In female patients, active smoking seems less responsible for the occurrence of smoking-related lung cancer compared with male patients, which suggests passive smoking influence the development of smoking-related lung cancer, especially in female patients.
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PMID:Smoking and smoking-related lung cancer in female patients. 1069 30

Three hundred seventy three previously diagnosed patients with lung cancer, attending the Lung Cancer Clinic at this institute were studied. Chest radiographs were interpreted in all cases. Radiography was compared in different cell types. Squamous cell carcinoma 158 (42.4%), followed by small cell lung cancer 122 (32.7%), was the commonest histological subtype. Upper zone was involved in maximum number of cases 158 (42%), followed by mid zone 122 (32.7%), lower zone 60 (16%) and the entire lung 33(8.8%). Adenocarcinoma presented as a peripheral mass in 37 (61%) cases and in 23 (38.3%) as a central lesion. Presentation as a central mass (114, 72.2% cases) was more common among squamous cell carcinoma than as a peripheral lesion (44, 27.8% cases). Similarly, small cell cancer also presented more commonly as a central lesion (102, 83.6% cases) than as a peripheral lesion (20, 16.4% cases). Isolated pleural effusion was present in 3.8% in squamous cell lung cancer, 22% in adenocarcinoma and only 4% in small cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Radiographic patterns in lung cancer. 1184 30

It has been suggested that thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is frequently expressed in human lung cancer, especially in adenocarcinoma and small cell lung cancer, and the TTF-1 expression is closely related with the expression of surfactant protein. We hypothesized that TTF-1 is expressed in human lung cancer cell lines and its expression might be related to the expression of surfactant protein. To test this, expressions of TTF-1 and surfactant protein A (SP-A) were immunohistochemically evaluated in 16 human lung cancer cell lines. In addition, expressions of mRNAs for TTF-1 and SP-A were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequencing. As a result, nuclear staining of TTF-1 was observed in two of six adenocarcinoma cell lines, none of seven small cell lung cancer cell lines, and none of three squamous lung cancer cell lines. Among the 16 cell lines, six cell lines (PC3, LC2/Ad, A549, RERF-LC-OK, HI1017, and PC9) expressed significant amounts of mRNA for TTF-1. In contrast, cytoplasmic staining of TTF-1 was observed in five of six adenocarcinoma cell lines, in six of seven small cell lung cancer cell lines, and in all three squamous cell lung cancer cell lines. One of the two adenocarcinoma cell lines those showed positive nuclear staining and cytoplasmic SP-A staining released a significant amount of SP-A in culture supernatant. Our present study demonstrates that the frequency of TTF-1 expression in the nucleus was very low in human lung cancer cell lines; however, their cytoplasmic positivities should be further investigated.
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PMID:Expression of thyroid transcription factor-1 in 16 human lung cancer cell lines. 1249 91

In literature there are still opinion differences concerning the prognostic significance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and proliferative potential in patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This prompted us to study those parameters. The Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI), EGFR labeling index (EGFR LI), and mitotic index (MI) were analyzed in the group of 78 consecutive, surgically treated squamous cell lung cancer (SqCLC) patients. The expression of Ki-67 and EGFR protein was visualized on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded sections using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Mitotic index was assessed on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded sections, stained with hematoxylin and eosin using morphological criteria. Mean values of Ki-67 LI and MI were higher for G2+G3 tumors than for G1 tumors. EGFR LI was higher for G1+G2 than for G3 tumors, and for pT3 than for pT1+pT2 tumors. Patients having tumors with Ki-67 < or =28% or (EGFR LI < or =13% or EGFR LI >80%) survived significantly shorter than those having tumors with Ki-67 LI >28% or 13%< EGFR LI < or =80%. In multivariate analysis, 13%> or = EGFR LI <80% and Ki-67 LI < or =28% were independent negative prognostic parameters influencing survivals of SqCLC patients.
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PMID:EGFR LI and Ki-67 LI are independent prognostic parameters influencing survivals of surgically treated squamous cell lung cancer patients. 1587 85

Atrial natriuretic peptides (ANPs) consist of a family of six peptide hormones that are synthesized by three different genes and then stored as three different prohormones. Within the 126-amino acid ANP prohormone are four peptide hormones: long-acting natriuretic peptide (LANP), vessel dilator, kaliuretic peptide, and ANP, whose main known biologic properties are blood pressure regulation and maintenance of plasma volume. The newest discovered property of these peptide hormones is their anticancer effects. Vessel dilator, LANP, kaliuretic peptide, and ANP decrease the number of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells in culture by 65%, 47%, 37%, and 34%, respectively, within 24 hours at their 1 microM concentrations. Similar results have been found with breast adenocarcinomas, squamous cell lung cancer, and small cell lung cancer cells, each associated with an 83% or greater inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis by these four peptide hormones. Brain natriuretic peptide has no effects even when increased 100-fold (ie, 100 microM). C-type natriuretic peptide has no effects when increased 10-fold, but when increased 100-fold, it decreases 39% of the cancer cells. At this higher 100 microM concentration, vessel dilator kills 92% of the cancer cells within 24 hours. The four peptide hormones synthesized by the ANP gene given subcutaneously via osmotic pumps in athymic mice with human pancreatic adenocarcinomas completely stop the growth of these adenocarcinomas at 1 week. Vessel dilator, LANP, and kaliuretic peptide within 1 week decrease the volume by 49%, 28%, and 11% of the human pancreatic adenocarcinomas, which, with current anticancer treatment, have a mean survival of only 4 months.
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PMID:Atrial natriuretic peptides: anticancer agents. 1629 62

Therapies targeted on cell signal pathways that control cell division and tumor angiogenesis have been developed over the last five years for non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with some amazing results, in subgroups of selected patients, predicting more significant success in the upcoming years. Compounds targeted on EGF tyrosine kinase receptor have been tested in large clinical phase 2 and 3 trials including thousands of patients. Their efficacy has been proved, in second and third line trials, after first line cisplatin-based chemotherapy for non-mucinous adenocarcinoma in non-smokers, women and Asian patients. Response rates vary from 10% in non selected Caucasian patients to 40% in non-smoking Asian patients with long survivals. Therapeutic targeting improves success rates, either relying on EGFR gene amplification detection by FISH, or search for EGFR tyrosine kinase domain mutations. Commercial kits are available for routine molecular diagnosis of domain mutations potentially enabling molecular targeting in addition to clinical targeting. Angiogenesis inhibitors, especially monoclonal antibody to VEGF, bevacizumab, have also been developed in the last few years. Bevacizumab associated with classical cytotoxic chemotherapy led, in selected patients (with non squamous cell lung cancer and no past history of cardiovascular disease) to an increase of median survival to more than 12 months with tolerable toxicity. Other drugs that have both anti-EGFR activity and anti-angiogenic properties will be soon developed, since future bioactive anti-cancer drugs will probably be multi-targeted drugs.
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PMID:[New biological treatments for lung cancer]. 1745 80

Targeted therapies have improved and will continue to improve the outcome of lung cancer. Current strategies focus on the blockade of growth factor receptors and the inhibition of angiogenesis. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have already been established as a treatment option in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progressing after prior treatment with chemotherapy. EGFR-directed monoclonal antibodies in combination with platinum-based first-line chemotherapy have shown promising efficacy in phase II trials. In a phase III trial, cetuximab combined with cisplatin/vinorelbine resulted in superior survival compared to chemotherapy alone in patients with advanced EGFR-positive NSCLC. Inhibition of angiogenesis has also been successfully applied as a new treatment strategy. Bevacizumab added to palliative chemotherapy has improved progression-free survival in two phase III trials and overall survival in one of these trials in selected patients with advanced non-squamous cell lung cancer. Bevacizumab is now approved for selected patients with advanced NSCLC in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy. Other targeted therapies including dual and multi-kinase inhibitors are in earlier stages of clinical development. In small cell lung cancer (SCLC), targeted therapies have also been studied but no clinical benefit could be demonstrated for these agents.
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PMID:Targeted therapies in lung cancer. 1914 12

We report a 59-year-old man who developed dysesthesia in all extremities with severe loss of deep sensation over three months. A radiating radicular pain was also noted in the extremities. The nerve conduction study barely elicited sensory nerve action potentials both in the median and in the sural nerve. An extensive search for anti-neuronal antibodies including anti-Hu and anti-CV2 antibody was negetive. The biopsy specimen of an enlarged tracheobronchial lymph node revealed squamous cell carcinoma. The subsequent chemotherapy and radiation therapy for the neoplasm improved the radicular pain and the deep sensation to a moderate extent, leading to the diagnosis of paraneoplastic subacute sensory neuropathy (SSN). In general, cases with paraneoplastic SSN are associated mostly with small cell lung cancer, and quite rarely with squamous cell lung cancer. The early detection and the treatment of the primary tumor are crucial in a patient with subacute progression of sensory-dominant neuropathy.
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PMID:[Subacute sensory neuronopathy associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung: a case report]. 1982 1

Clinical observations indicate that the utility of classical prognostic factors in the assessment of probability of disease free or overall survival of lung cancer patients is not completely satisfactory. This is the cause for search of indices which results would contribute to optimization of this estimation. Of potential value in this aspect may also be the results of laboratory determinations which characterize patient's performance status. Dependencies between the times of overall survival in respect to chosen hematological and biochemical factors from the pretreatment period were analyzed in a group of 233 patients with lung cancer (adenocarcinoma - 44, squamous cell lung cancer - 156, small cell lung cancer - 33 patients) in different stages of disease. Apart from stage of disease and histological type of tumor, independent prognostic factors turned out to be the actual ideal body mass ratio and the number of leucocytes. In patients with less advanced stages of disease, such independent factors, apart from histological type are alpha-1 globulin and gamma globulin.
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PMID:[Prognostic value of laboratory factors of performance status in lung cancer patients]. 2004 89

Recently, the early detection and the advances in therapy for malignant diseases have contributed to prolonged survival of patients, resulting in an increment of multiple primary malignancies. We describe a 55-year-old man, at the first presentation, with six malignancies over 14 years(malignant lymphoma, gastric cancer, ureteral cancer, small cell lung cancer, bladder cancer, and squamous cell lung cancer). A case of six primary malignancies is extremely rare and, as far as we know, this is the 16th case of its kind reported in Japan. The overlapping of many malignant diseases resulted in some difficulties with treatment. Whereas the ureteral cancer and small cell lung cancer were synchronous, considering the therapeutic duration of lung cancer, we proceeded with the operation for ureteral cancer and had to delay the start of chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer for more than one month. Moreover, dose intensity of the chemotherapy for the small cell lung cancer was limited by expectancy of augmented myelosuppression, due to the effect of prior chemotherapy for malignant lymphoma. However, a strong neutropenia-induced postoperative abdominal infection necessitated discontinuation of chemotherapy and treatment with radiotherapy alone. In addition, the therapies for the newly developed squamous cell lung cancer, the sixth malignancy, were also limited because of reduced lung function and myelopoiesis. In treatment or follow-up of patients with multiple primary malignancies, as opposed to those with a single malignant disease, the characteristics of other malignancies and the morbidities by preceding therapies must be considered.
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PMID:[A case of six metachronous primary malignancies]. 2149 9


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