Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149925 (small cell lung cancer)
 6,491 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a recently completed study, combination chemotherapy consisting of bleomycin, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine was given to 29 patients with oat cell lung cancer. There were no cases of pulmonary fibrosis in these 29 patients. Although several of these patients had prior radiotherapy, none had concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This same four-drug chemotherapy regimen was combined with concomitant radiotherapy in 13 patients with oat cell lung cancer. There were three cases of fatal pulmonary fibrosis and two other cases of clinically significant pulmonary fibrosis. All five cases of pulmonary fibrosis occurred several weeks after completion of a six-week course of bleomycin (total dosage 90 units). It is concluded that bleomycin cannot be safely administered while patients are receiving radiotherapy to the lung.
Cancer 1976 May
PMID:Enhanced pulmonary toxicity with bleomycin and radiotherapy in oat cell lung cancer. 5 87

The high incidence of gallium 67 accumulation in lung cencer has made radioistope scanning with this agent useful in identifying the extent of cancer locally. However, we investigated the usefulness of whole-body gallium 67 scanning, compared with physical examination, bone, liver and brain scans, and bone marrow aspirate and biopsy, in detecting metastases outside the chest in 47 patients with small cell lung cancer. In each case whole-body scanning with gallium 67 was inferior to the other methods used to detect extrathoracic tumor deposits.
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PMID:Gallium scans for staging small cell lung cancer. 20 25

Fifty-eight patients with small cell lung cancer were treated from September, 1974, to March, 1976, with combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Surgical resection of the lung lesion was performed in three patients, and a number of surgical diagnostic methods were carried out in the remaining patients with unresectable of disseminated lesions. Nineteen patients were from the Veterans Administration Hospital and 39 from Indiana University Medical Center. The median Karnofsky performance status was 60. Thirty-nine patients had extensive disease, and 19 had disease limited to the chest and supraclavicular area. All patients received chest radiotherapy and prophylactic whole brain radiation. Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine were given on day 1 and continued every 3 weeks. There were 27 (48 percent) partial remissions of a median duration of 26 weeks. There were 25 patients (43 percent) with complete remission. The median survival for the entire group was 51 weeks. Six of 58 patients (10 percent) are alive and disease free from 24 to 38 months after treatment. Six of 19 patients with limited disease (32 percent) are presently alive and disease free. This includes one patient in whom surgical resection was performed. Combined therapy influences favorably the prognosis of small cell cancer of the ling, expecially in those patients with limited disease and favorable performance status.
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PMID:Combined therapy for small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the lung. 21 Mar 32

Survival and histologic subtype were compared in 61 patients with small cell anaplastic lung cancer. Patients with lymphocyte-like (oat cell) and fusiform histologies treated with chemotherapy had longer median survivals than the polygonal and other varieties on the same treatment. Likewise, when detectable disease was confined to the chest and supraclavicular nodes, the patients with lymphocyte-like and fusiform types lived longer. The improved survival in the lymphocyte-like and fusiform categories accounted for most of our improved overall median survival rates with the COPP regimen in small cell lung cancer. Survival in the polygonal and other types was not appreciably different from that seen in non-small cell lung cancer (squamous and adenocarcinoma). It may be possible to refine treatment plans on the basis of cell type so as to further increase survival in small cell anaplastic lung carcinoma.
Cancer 1979 Sep
PMID:Relationship between survival and histologic type in small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung. 22 3

A new 111Indium labeled bleomycin complex (111In-BLMC) was prepared and found to be effective for tumor imaging and therapy both in mouse glioma and human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. Chromosome aberrations were studied in human SCLC cells to explore its mechanisms of killing cancer cells. SCLC cells (N417) were exposed to 111In-BLMC, BLM, or 111InCl3 (for control) for 1 hour, treated with colcemid, and chromosomal changes were analyzed. A dramatic increase in chromatic gaps, breaks, chromosome breaks, double minutes, rings, triradii, quadriradii, and chromosome stickiness were observed in the cells treated by 111In-BLMC compared to BLM or 111InCl3. These results indicated that 111In-BLMC has therapeutic potential for combination chemo-radiotherapy of cancer (e.g., by Auger electrons and local energy deposition).
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PMID:Chromosome aberrations of human small cell lung cancer induced by a new 111In-bleomycin complex. 127 17

The potential role of paraneoplastic Cushing's syndrome (CS) was assessed on the clinical course of patients with small cell lung cancer. A retrospective comparison was done of complications and survival rates according to the presence or absence of CS in patients with small cell lung cancer who died within 90 days of initial administration of chemotherapy. The setting was a comprehensive cancer center. Eleven patients with clinical and/or biochemical features of CS were identified from among 90 patients who presented between 1979 and 1989 with previously untreated small cell lung cancer. The group with CS and the control patients were compared in terms of clinicopathologic prognostic factors, treatment, and outcome. Patients with CS were comparable to the control patients in all prognostic factors, including tumor stage and cancer treatment. Eighty-two percent of patients with CS (nine of 11) died within 14 days of initiation of chemotherapy compared with 25% of the control patients (19 of 77). The median survival from initiation of chemotherapy was 12 days for the 11 patients with CS and 27 days for the 77 control patients. In 45% of the patients with CS (five of 11), death was attributed to opportunistic fungal or protozoal infection compared with 8% of control patients (six of 77). Paraneoplastic CS is a previously unrecognized adverse prognostic factor for patients with small cell lung cancer. Those with both small cell lung cancer and CS have severe opportunistic infections soon after the initiation of chemotherapy, leading to clinical deterioration and death before antineoplastic benefit from chemotherapy can be achieved. Biochemical control of CS for at least 1 to 2 weeks before initiation of chemotherapy may ameliorate the poor prognosis.
Cancer 1992 Jan 01
PMID:Paraneoplastic Cushing's syndrome as an adverse prognostic factor in patients who die early with small cell lung cancer. 130 10

Etoposide is a schedule-dependent agent with greater activity against small cell lung cancer (SCLC) when a given dose is administered over several days compared with a 1-day administration of the same dose. In an attempt to capitalize on the schedule dependency of etoposide, 22 previously untreated extensive-stage SCLC patients were given cisplatin (100 mg/m2 on day 1) plus 21 days of low-dose, oral etoposide (50 mg/m2/d). Chemotherapy was repeated every 28 days for four cycles. Complete blood counts were monitored weekly, and etoposide was discontinued if either the leukocyte or platelet count dropped below 2000/microliters or 75,000/microliters, respectively. All 22 patients were evaluable for response; 18 had either a complete (9%) or partial response (73%), an overall response rate of 82% (95% confidence interval, 62% to 93%). The median response duration was 7 months, and the median survival was 9.9 months (range, 1 to 17+ months). Sixteen (73%) patients received all planned cycles of etoposide. In Cycle 1 of chemotherapy, the median leukocyte nadir was 2700/microliters (range, 100 to 6300/microliters), and median platelet nadir was 180,000/microliters (range, 51,000 to 397,000/microliters). Life-threatening leukopenia (less than 1000/microliters) was rare (3 of 74 cycles). There were three treatment-related deaths, only one of which was associated with neutropenia. One patient had mild renal insufficiency that resolved after discontinuation of therapy. Alopecia was observed in all patients, but other nonhematologic toxicities were uncommon. A randomized study is necessary to determine if this schedule of cisplatin and etoposide administration is superior to more standard methods. However, these data do not indicate a major survival benefit will be derived from increasing the duration of etoposide administration when used in combination with cisplatin given every 28 days.
Cancer 1992 Jan 15
PMID:A phase II trial of cisplatin and prolonged administration of oral etoposide in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. 130 32

Protein kinase C (PKC) has been implicated in a variety of cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, and secretion. We assessed the role of PKC in the mitogenic effects of gastrin-releasing peptide (in a small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell line. Using antisera that specifically recognize the PKC isoforms alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon, we determined that PKC epsilon is the major isoform in the SCLC cell line NCI-N417, followed by PKC alpha and delta. In addition to the 90-kDa PKC epsilon, our anti-PKC epsilon antiserum specifically detected a 40-kDa immunoreactive protein. Treatment of the cells with either 20 nM phorbol myristate acetate or 50 nM GRP enhanced significantly the level of the 40-kDa protein in a time-dependent (1-8 h), cycloheximide-sensitive fashion. Subcellular fractionation revealed that 90% of PKC epsilon was in particulate form, while the 40-kDa immunoreactive protein was cytosolic. To test the hypothesis that the 40-kDa soluble protein represented a catalytically independent PKC epsilon fragment, cytosolic extracts were assayed for kinase activity. 45-50% of the activity was apparent in the absence of the PKC activators phosphatidylserine and diacylglycerol. This effector-independent kinase activity was further purified by affinity chromatography using a synthetic peptide corresponding to the pseudosubstrate region of PKC epsilon (ERMRPRKRQGAVRRRV) coupled to Sepharose. The partially purified protein, recognized by the anti-PKC epsilon antiserum, exhibited histone kinase activity with kinetics similar to those of the tryptically generated catalytic fragment of brain PKC epsilon. This activity was inhibited by staurosporine (IC50 = 1 x 10(-8) M) and by the pseudosubstrate inhibitor peptide (IC50 = 7.7 x 10(-8) M). The SCLC kinase and the brain PKC epsilon catalytic fragment were similar as indicated by the relative sizes of the PKC epsilon immunoreactive peptides generated with protease V8 from Staphylococcus aureus (Mr approximately 37,000, 34,000, 28,000, 26,000, and 25,000). Taken together, we conclude that a variant SCLC cell line expresses a constitutively active catalytic fragment of PKC epsilon. Regulation by 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate or GRP via de novo protein synthesis suggests a novel mechanism of control of PKC diversity with implications for small cell lung cancer and possibly other malignancies.
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PMID:Constitutive presence of a catalytic fragment of protein kinase C epsilon in a small cell lung carcinoma cell line. 130 2

The p53 gene has been implicated as a tumor suppressor gene involved in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. Our previous study revealed that the p53 gene is frequently mutated with a distinct nucleotide substitution pattern in small cell lung cancer specimens in Japanese patients. In this study, we examined 30 primary, resected non-small cell lung cancer samples in Japanese patients using complementary DNA-polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Mutations changing the p53 coding sequence were found in 14 of 30 tumor samples (47%), while G:C to T:A transversions which are uncommon in other cancers such as colon cancer were the most frequently observed mutations, in agreement with an earlier report on non-small cell lung cancer in American patients. Furthermore, the present study shows for the first time that in univariate and multivariate analyses, the presence of p53 mutations is closely associated with lifetime cigarette consumption.
Cancer Res 1992 Feb 01
PMID:p53 mutations in non-small cell lung cancer in Japan: association between mutations and smoking. 131 70

Neurologic paraneoplastic syndromes are usually a debilitating and untreatable manifestation of malignancy. The case is presented of a woman with severe paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis that was characterized predominantly by cerebellar degeneration associated with small cell lung cancer, both of which responded rapidly to cytotoxic chemotherapy alone. She is alive with some neurologic residua but no signs of recurrent cancer more than 2 years after diagnosis. Recommendations for aggressive management of this rare but disabling syndrome are outlined.
Cancer 1992 Mar 01
PMID:Paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis. Dramatic response to chemotherapy alone. 131 Aug 91


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