Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149871 (deep vein thrombosis)
 12,364 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In three consecutive studies, acetylsalicyliclysine using the dosages 0.9 g/48 h, 1.8 g/24 h and 3.6 g/24 h, was examined in order to see its effect in preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after elective hip joint surgery. DVT was diagnosed by the 125-i-fibrinogen-test. No reduction of postoperative DVT was found under any of the administered AS-lysine dosages. The collagen-induced platelet aggregation was significantly decreased in all three groups. However, under the low AS-lysine dosages, aggregation was less inhibited with the incidence of DVT than without DVT. In the group with the 3.6 g-dosage, aggregation was maximally inhibited, without any significant difference related to the occurrence of DVT. The results reveal no therapeutic range of AS-lysine to prevent postoperative venous thrombosis.
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PMID:[Clinical and in-vitro studies of the therapeutical range of acetylsalicylic-acid to prevent deep vein thrombosis (author's transl)]. 71 31

The study was carried out on 75 patients undergoing hip joint surgery. The efficacy of a prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by acetylsalicyclic lysine (ASL) and by a low dose heparin (LDH) combined with the ASL treatment was investigated using the 125I-fibrinogen test. DVT was not significantly decreased by the ASL application (53%) compared to the controls (60%). DVT occurred significantly less under the combined administration (27%) than in the other two groups.
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PMID:Combined administration of low dose heparin and aspirin as prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis after hip joint surgery. 100 7

A combined prophylaxis against postoperative deep venous thrombosis comprising of sequential pneumatic limb compression using RMP I/K apparatus and lysine or dextran 70.000 administration was of applied in 34 patients after total hip arthroplasty. In 14 cases lysine was the drug, dextran was used in remaining ones. Prophylaxis was evaluated by impedance plethysmography. No case of postoperative deep venous thrombosis was reported.
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PMID:[Rhythmic pneumatic compression of the limb as a contributing element of postoperative deep vein thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients after orthopedic surgery]. 128 46

We report a 45-year-old female patient with recurrent spontaneous deep vein thrombosis associated with an isolated hypoplasminogenemia (plasminogen activity and antigen level of 42% and 37%, respectively). The plasminogen molecule was normal as demonstrated by a normal activation by tissue plasminogen activator, electrophoretic mobility on crossed immunoelectrophoresis, molecular weight, and binding to lysine sepharose. All other hemostatic parameters predisposing to recurrent thrombosis were normal. A stimulation test with desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) showed a normal plasma rise of both tissue plasminogen activator and factor VIIIR:WF. This isolated plasminogen deficiency apparently is due to a decreased synthesis of a normal plasminogen molecule and is associated with a severe thrombotic tendency.
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PMID:Severe thrombotic tendency associated with a type I plasminogen deficiency. 249 30

Aa a plasma marker of an endothelial abnormality, the serum activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was investigated at rest and after stimulation either by local venostasis or infusion of an analogue of lysine-vasopressin (desmopressin acetate). Desmopressin acetate did not induce any significant change in ACE, in contrast to the effect of venostasis. Searching for an endothelial abnormality implicated in the genesis of deep vein thrombosis, we used the local venostasis test in patients affected by recurrent deep vein thrombosis. Patients, divided in three groups (group I, documented history of recurrent deep vein thrombosis; group II, only one deep vein thrombosis or recurrent superficial venous thrombosis; group III, history of arterial thromboembolism), and controls were screened for basal and stimulated levels of serum ACE, together with fibrinolytic activity and von Willebrand factor level. Two types of abnormalities of serum ACE activity were found: low basal level in group I, and low response to venostasis in groups I and III; group II did not differ from controls. Measures of fibrinolytic and ACE activities are not redundant because the two types of ACE abnormalities were not individually encountered in the same patients and were independent from abnormalities of the fibrinolytic system. These findings suggest that an endothelial lesion could participate in the pathogenesis of some forms of recurrent deep vein thrombosis and support interest in the measurement of serum ACE to discriminate some patients at high risk of deep vein thrombosis.
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PMID:Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme: an endothelial cell marker. Application to thromboembolic pathology. 284 37

Using affinity chromatography on lysine Sepharose 4B, a fast-acting tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor (t-PAI) was partially purified from t-PAI-rich plasma from patients with recurrent DVT. Its inhibition of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) was demonstrated in functional assays and its reaction with 125I-t-PA was analyzed by autoradiography following SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). When the t-PAI was mixed with an equimolar concentration of t-PA at 37 degrees C, the half-life of free one-chain and two-chain 125I-t-PA was 1.8 and 0.8 min, respectively. The rate of complex formation between 125I-t-PA and t-PAI was similar both in patient plasma, pregnancy plasma and platelet lysates made from platelet-rich normal, patient and pregnancy plasma. The molecular weights of the complexes between t-PA and the inhibitors in patient plasma and in the different platelet lysates were identical, while that of the inhibitor complex formed in pregnancy plasma was found slightly higher by SDS-PAGE indicating that the pregnancy plasma t-PAI differs from the fast-acting t-PAI found in plasma from thrombotic patients and in platelet lysates.
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PMID:Plasminogen activator inhibitors in plasma and platelets from patients with recurrent venous thrombosis and pregnant women. 308 15

Since the introduction of thrombolytic treatment based on the activation of plasminogen (PLG) by streptokinase (SK) and urokinase (UK) the search for new and improved methods has been continuing. The pivotal issue is how to achieve clot-specific fibrinolysis without producing systemic fibrinogenolysis. One out of various approaches to enhance lysis rates has been the use of PLG either alone or in combination with UK or SK in the light of the fact that fibrinolytic treatment, particularly using SK, is associated with a consumption of PLG, and that thrombi contain relatively small amounts of native PLG, however, are capable of incorporating added PLG in vitro. PLG-concentrates from various manufactures have been administered intravenously for treatment of deep venous thrombosis, mainly in combination with SK, and of pulmonary embolism in combination with UK. Local intracoronary and intraarterial administration in combination with UK has been reported in patients with myocardial infarction, and peripheral arterial occlusions, respectively. Lysis rates obtained in these studies were in most cases superior to results obtained with SK or UK alone, without increasing the incidence of bleeding complications. In addition, excellent results in larger group of patients with cerebral thrombosis were obtained with PLG alone. The encouraging results of these studies may be explained by the fact that all of the preparations used contained partially activated forms of PLG (commonly designated lys-PLG) to a greater or lesser extent. Lys-PLG has a higher affinity for fibrin than the native glu-PLG and is activated by UK or SK by a manyfold faster. These properties allow for a rapid formation of plasmin which--bound to fibrin--is also protected from the attack of neutralizing antiplasmin. The design and results of previous studies with lys-PLG concentrates will be reviewed and approaches to further improve fibrinolytic regimens with lys-PLG-concentrates discussed.
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PMID:Review of studies with plasminogen concentrates and proposals for further therapeutic strategies with plasminogen concentrates. 328 Apr 22

Native hirudin is a heterogenous polypeptide obtained from the medicinal leech, Hirudo medicinalis. Recent advances in molecular biological techniques have led to the availability of large amounts of hirudin in the recombinant form. Recombinant hirudins (rH) are currently being investigated for potential use in the prophylaxis and treatment of deep venous thrombosis (DVT), in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and during cardiovascular bypass surgery. In this study, one specific variant of rH with a lysine residue in position 47 (rHV2-Lys 47) was administered in dogs in a multiple dose regimen of 2 mg/kg (i.v. bolus) for three weeks with a dosing interval of one week. After each dose, blood samples were collected at regular time intervals, plasma separated and stored at -4 degrees C. Concentrations of rHV2-Lys 47 in each sample were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Ex vivo antithrombin responses measured included activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), calcium-thrombin time (Ca++TT-10 NIH units/ml) and a chromogenic anti-IIa assay. It was the purpose of this study to detect any sensitization or desensitization of antithrombin responses when rHV2-Lys 47 is used in a repeated fashion such as would be expected in the prophylaxis of DVT. The results indicated that there was no attenuation in the responses; however, there was a sensitization of response as measured by the Ca++TT (10 NIH units/ml). These findings could have major implications in the clinical use of rH where this drug is expected to be used in a multiple dose regimen.
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PMID:Alteration of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of recombinant hirudin (rHV2-Lys 47) after repeated intravenous administration in dogs. 846 75

We have analyzed 83 unrelated Hong Kong Chinese for the presence of genetic variants of factor V gene. Forty-three of them had a history of deep vein thrombosis. The DNA sequence variations of exons 7, 10, and 13, where the codons for Arg306, Arg506, and Arg679 are located, respectively, were studied by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. The G1691-->A (Arg 506-->Gln) mutation in exon 10 was not detectable in any of the 83 subjects. However, a high allelic frequency for the G1628-->A (Arg 485-->Lys) substitution was detectable in the same exon. We have also identified a novel DNA sequence mutation (A1090-->G) in exon 7 that resulted in Arg 306-->Gly substitution in 2 thrombotic patients and 1 nonthrombotic subject. Fresh blood samples were available from one of them for analysis of activated protein C resistance and the result was negative. Variation of DNA sequence was not found in exon 13 in any of our 83 subjects. The results of this study showed that, although the Arg 506-->Gln mutation was rarely found in the Hong Kong Chinese population, a different mutation site such as A 1090-->G in exon 7 of the factor V gene (Arg 306) may be of clinical importance.
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PMID:A novel mutation of Arg306 of factor V gene in Hong Kong Chinese. 945 41

Ultrasound is used as a primary diagnostic technique for the detection of deep venous thrombosis. The purpose of this study is to describe the development of a new thrombus-specific ultrasound contrast agent: The linear hexapeptide (lysine-glutamine-alanine-glycine-aspartate-valine) was synthesized and coupled to a lipid moiety. The targeted lipid was then incorporated into the lipid blend for the contrast agent Aerosomes (ImaRx, Tucson, AZ, USA). The lipid blend was used to entrap perfluorobutane microbubbles. The microbubbles were sized and studied in vitro for acoustic stability, binding to blood clot, and ultrasound enhancement in vitro of blood clot. The results showed the mean size of the specific ultrasound contrast agent (MRX-408) was about 2.0 microm. The microbubbles appeared as smooth spherical structures. Microscopy showed that the targeted bubbles bound to blood clot whereas control, nontargeted bubbles did not bind to blood clot. In vitro acoustic study showed similar stability of the microbubbles compared with control microbubbles. The targeted microbubbles enhanced blood clot in vitro whereas nontargeted microbubbles did not enhance clot. Thus this promising new thrombus-specific ultrasound contrast agent could potentially improve detection of thrombosis by ultrasound and might be useful for distinguishing between new and old thrombosis. In vivo studies are in progress.
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PMID:In vitro studies of a new thrombus-specific ultrasound contrast agent. 966 29


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