Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149871 (deep vein thrombosis)
 12,364 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The prevalence of mono-organic and multi-organic involvement during long-term follow-up in patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (pAPS) was investigated. We studied 60 pAPS patients followed up at least 5 years. Patients with associated systemic lupus erythematosus were excluded. All patients received oral anticoagulant therapy. A diagnosis of mono-organic involvement was considered when one organ was affected exclusively, and multi-organic involvement was considered when two or more organs became affected during follow-up. Average age at diagnosis was 32.9 +/- 12.4 years, 40 subjects were female and 20 male, and mean disease evolution totaled 11.5 +/- 4.5 years. The mean number of clinical events was 3.75 +/- 1.87. Among patients, immunoglobulin G anticardiolipin (IgM aCL) titers totaled 50 +/- 40.3 IgG phospholipid units, and IgM aCL titers totaled 47.3 +/- 35.4 IgM phospholipid units. The most frequent clinical manifestations at study onset were deep venous thrombosis, stroke, pulmonary thromboembolism, fetal loss, and pre-eclampsia. At the beginning of follow-up, 46 patients had mono-organic involvement and 14 had multi-organic involvement (P = 0.0001). In contrast, at the end of the study, only 8 patients still had mono-organic involvement, leading to deep venous thrombosis (n = 3), stroke (n = 3), and retinal thrombosis (n = 2) (P = 0.0001). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the probability of remaining with mono-organic involvement decreased throughout the cumulative years, especially during the first 3. The hazard risk ratio for developing multi-organic involvement was 1.47 patients per year. In conclusion, PAPS is a chronic disorder with unpredictable clinical course and multi-organic involvement, especially during the first years. The conversion to multi-organic involvement supports the concept that pAPS is a systemic autoimmune disease.
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PMID:Mono-organic versus multi-organic involvement in primary antiphospholipid syndrome. 1612 72

Atherosclerosis (AT) is a metabolic, systemic inflammatory/immune disease characterized by lipoproteins metabolism alteration that leads to immune/inflammatory system activation with the consequent proliferation of smooth-muscle cells, narrowing arteries and atheroma formation. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by thrombophilic state and circulating antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) including anti beta2-GPI. Experimental studies and human observations suggest that APS is associated with AT. In fact, innate and adaptive immune responses participate in the pathogenesis of both diseases. Anti-oxLDL, anti-aPL, anti beta2GPI, anti-HSP antibodies, among others, has been found in patients with APS and AT. Endothelial dysfunctions, oxidative stress, increase of cell adhesion molecules, active platelets, are common findings in both diseases. Macrophages, dendritic cells, T-cell activation, CD40-CD40 ligand interaction, are considered as pathogenic mechanism of AT and APS. Premature AT may be the first symptom of APS. Thrombophilia, aPL antibodies, and APS may be present in patients with premature AT. An association between AT and venous thrombosis (a clinical hallmark of APS) has been proposed in unselected patients with deep venous thrombosis of the legs without symptomatic AT. Asymptomatic AT, defined in terms of carotid intima media thickness and lumen diameter decrease, was observed in patients with APS. Premenopausal female patients with PAPS have a higher prevalence of cerebrovascular disease in comparison with male patients. Accelerated AT and hormones could be the explanation of these findings. High levels of aCLs, significantly predict the risk of future ischemic stroke in women but not in men. AT is one of the main features of systemic APS and offer opportunities for new treatment strategies.
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PMID:Systemic antiphospholipid syndrome and atherosclerosis. 1791 89