Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0149871 (deep vein thrombosis)
 12,364 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In March of 1988, a survey form was sent to all 2695 U.S. and Canadian members of the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons. Nine-hundred and thirty-five members responded, for a response rate of 34.7 percent. The purpose of the survey was to ascertain the total number of major liposuction, dermatolipectomy, and abdominoplasty procedures performed from January of 1984 to January of 1988 and to compare nine specific complications that are associated with these three procedures. The 935 surgeons reported a total of 112,756 procedures performed: major liposuction (75,591), dermatolipectomy (10,603), and abdominoplasty (26,562). Nine major complications were surveyed: mortality, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic attack, pulmonary thromboembolism, fat embolism, major skin loss, anesthesia complication, transfusion complications, and deep venous thrombosis. The findings in this survey showed, when comparing these three procedures and the nine types of complications, that the complication rate for major suction lipectomy was 0.1 percent, for dermatolipectomy 0.9 percent, and for abdominoplasty 2.0 percent. Fat emboli did not prove to be a significant factor associated with any of the three procedures. However, of the 15 reported deaths (major liposuction 2, dermatolipectomy 2, and abdominoplasty 11), pulmonary thromboembolism was the causative factor in 9 deaths (60 percent). Based on these analyzed data, we feel that major suction lipectomy has a low complication rate and is a reasonably safe procedure.
 ...
PMID:A national survey of complications associated with suction lipectomy: a comparative study. 252 76

Studies have shown that lumbar epidural and spinal anesthesia seem to offer two distinct clinical advantages over general anesthesia, particularly in total hip replacement patients. These major regional blocks reduce the frequency of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and reduce intraoperative and postoperative blood losses. The beneficial effects on thromboembolism are probably explained by several factors, such as hyperkinetic blood flow in the lower legs, reduced tendency to coagulation, and improved fibrinolytic function. The effects of local anesthetics on leukocytes, platelets, erythrocytes, and plasma proteins and on the interactions among various blood cells and endothelial cells are other factors in the protection against thromboembolism. Sympathicomimetic agents (i.e., epinephrine in the local anesthetic solution together with ephedrine given prophylactically to maintain a stable blood pressure) probably also play a significant role, notably on fibrinolytic function. The reduction in blood loss and thus in transfusion requirements may also be important.
 ...
PMID:Influence of regional anesthesia, local anesthetics, and sympathicomimetics on the pathophysiology of deep vein thrombosis. 265 63

Surgical repair of hip fracture and total hip arthroplasty are primarily performed on elderly patients. Patients presenting for hip fracture surgery have a high prevalence of preoperative medical problems and may require medical stabilization before surgery. Regional anaesthesia for hip fracture repair may be contraindicated due to perioperative pharmacologic prophylaxis for deep venous thrombosis. The use of regional anaesthesia increases the magnitude and frequency of hypotensive episodes when compared with general anaesthesia. Intraoperative blood losses, averaging 250-300 ml, are not affected by anaesthetic technique. Following hip fracture surgery under spinal anaesthesia, patients exhibit better oxygenation in the early postoperative period than those after general anaesthesia. The frequency of postoperative confusion is unrelated to anaesthetic technique. The incidence of deep venous thrombosis is reduced following spinal anaesthesia as compared with general anaesthesia. The one-month mortality rate, approximately eight per cent, is unrelated to anaesthetic technique. Spinal, epidural and general anaesthesia have been used successfully for total hip arthroplasty. Intraoperative blood loss of 0.5-1.5 litres is reduced with regional anaesthesia. General anaesthesia with controlled hypotension also significantly reduces blood loss. Intraoperative instability with hypoxaemia, hypotension and cardiac arrest may follow impaction of the femoral prosthesis and are related to absorption of acrylic cement monomers and pulmonary embolism of fat, air, and platelet-fibrin aggregates. Postoperative deep venous thrombosis is common and the incidence may be reduced with epidural anaesthesia. Operative mortality is less than one per cent and pulmonary embolism is the commonest cause of death.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Anaesthesia for hip surgery in the elderly. 265 51

Calf blood flow was studied using venous occlusion impedance plethysmography during 122 total hip arthroplasties. Patients were randomly allocated to receive spinal or general anaesthesia. Blood flow was measured nine times perioperatively. In the non-surgical leg, mean blood flow rose by over 50% in both groups following anaesthetic induction, remaining significantly elevated with spinal but falling back gradually to baseline with general anaesthesia. In the surgical leg, surgical manipulations produced marked falls in flow in many patients, particularly with femoral component insertion. If this occurred, hyperaemia was commonly seen with spinal anaesthesia but rarely with general anaesthesia once the joint was relocated. Venous outflow resistance rose slightly during anaesthesia in both groups, more so with general anaesthesia. In the surgical leg, marked rises occurred with surgical manipulations, but resistance fell abruptly once the joint was relocated. No clear relationship between these observations and the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis postoperatively was established.
 ...
PMID:Leg blood flow during total hip replacement under spinal or general anaesthesia. 271 33

With the object of illustrating the immediate postoperative complications connected with total hip replacement, a material of 512 hip replacements carried out in the Orthopaedic Department in Viborg Hospital during the period 1982-1987 was reviewed. Complications of significance for the postoperative course occurred in 16% and the mortality was 0.4%. The complications of greatest significance were cardiac (3.3%), renal involvement (2.5%) and thromboembolic complications (3.5%) (pulmonary embolism 1.8% and deep venous thrombosis 2.9%). Advanced age, preoperative cardiovascular conditions and obesity predisposed to these complications and, similarly, increased frequency of cardiac complications was found with increased duration of anaesthesia. Finally, a connection was found between peroperative and postoperative episodes of hypotension and renal involvement.
 ...
PMID:[Immediate postoperative complications after total hip replacement]. 281 81

The effect of hypobaric spinal anaesthesia or narcotic-halothane-relaxant general anaesthesia on the incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis was studied in 140 elective total hip replacements in a prospective randomised manner. Deep vein thrombosis was diagnosed using impedance plethysmography and the 125I fibrinogen uptake test, combined, in selected cases, with ascending contrast venography. The overall incidence of deep vein thrombosis was 20%. Nine patients (13%) developed deep vein thrombosis in the spinal group and nineteen (27%) in the general anaesthetic group (p less than 0.05). The incidences of proximal thrombosis and of bilateral thrombi were also less with spinal anaesthesia than with general anaesthesia. It is concluded that spinal anaesthesia reduces the risks of postoperative thromboembolism in hip replacement surgery. The presence of varicose veins, being a non-smoker and having a low body mass index were associated with an increased incidence of deep vein thrombosis.
 ...
PMID:Deep vein thrombosis after total hip replacement. A comparison between spinal and general anaesthesia. 292 31

The fibrinolytic system was studied after application of a pneumatic tourniquet in 22 patients undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery and during 20-min venous occlusion in 17 healthy subjects. Blood was sampled before anaesthesia (A), before operation (B) and after operation from the ipsilateral (C) and the contralateral (D) limb. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity, t-PA antigen and t-PA activity/t-PA antigen ratio increased by, respectively, 557, 109 and 168% in the C samples as compared with A blood (all differences statistically significant). The t-PA activity and t-PA antigen increased slightly in the systemic circulation (B and D) but were significantly less in C than after venous occlusion. Fast-acting inhibitor of t-PA increased significantly in C (15%). During compression with a pneumatic tourniquet, mainly local fibrinolytic activation occurs, and this activation partly explains the low incidence of postoperative deep venous thrombosis after use of a tourniquet.
 ...
PMID:Fibrinolysis after application of a pneumatic tourniquet. 312 28

During the period from August 1986 to August 1987, 50 patients underwent percutaneous placement of a Greenfield vena caval filter from the right femoral vein, left femoral vein, or right internal jugular vein at our institution. All 50 patients had a contraindication to anticoagulation therapy or had complications of anticoagulation for deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary emboli. The percutaneous placement was accomplished in the angiographic suite with use of local anesthesia and was well tolerated by all patients. Only three complications related to the percutaneous approach occurred during the short-term follow-up (3 months to 1 year). These complications were deep venous thrombosis of the leg in two patients and misplacement of the filter in one patient. The three patients tolerated these complications well. We conclude that placement of Greenfield vena caval filters can be readily accomplished by means of percutaneous entry. Our experience demonstrated minimal associated morbidity and no mortality.
 ...
PMID:Percutaneous placement of the Greenfield vena caval filter. 335 17

Deep venous thrombosis is a recognised complication of trauma to the leg and may lead to pulmonary thrombo-embolism, but paradoxical thrombo-embolism is rare. A case of fatal paradoxical thrombo-embolism which followed a leg injury in a previously fit 36-year-old male is presented and contributory factors are reviewed.
Anaesthesia 1988 Mar
PMID:Fatal paradoxical thrombo-embolism during anaesthesia. 336 40

A pilot study was done during April 1984 through June 1986 to determine the incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) among 50 Thai patients who underwent hip surgery, which mainly consisted of total hip replacement (19 patients) and repair of hip fracture (29 patients). Most patients were in the sixth to seventh decade of life, and the male-to-female ratio was 32:18. Most patients were of normal or low weight, few had known risk factors for DVT, and all but three had general anesthesia. Venography performed on the operated on legs on the seventh to tenth postoperative days showed that only two patients had DVT, one in the calf and another in the calf and thigh veins. The low incidence of DVT in the Thai population even after such extensive surgery, which is associated with a high (40% to 70%) frequency of DVT in the Western world, suggests that routine prophylactic anticoagulant measures are not presently needed in this country.
 ...
PMID:Deep vein thrombosis after hip surgery among Thai. 337 18


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>