Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149871 (deep vein thrombosis)
 12,364 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hip joint replacement surgery, using acrylic cement for prosthesis fixation, is associated with intraoperative cardiorespiratory dysfunction, and a high frequency of postoperative proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Levels of prothrombin fragments 1+2 (F1+2), tissue plasminogen activator antigen (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 activity (PAI-1), D-dimer and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were measured in arterial (AB) and mixed venous blood (MVB) in five patients during and after total hip replacement operation with acrylic cement prosthesis fixation. Sequential peaks of F1+2, t-PA, PAI-1 and IL-6 appeared, starting with activation of coagulation during preparation of bone, closely followed by activation of fibrinolysis. Later, this was counteracted by an antifibrinolytic response and increase of IL-6. After a fibrinolytic shutdown on the third postoperative day as evidenced by a drop in t-PA and D-dimer concentrations, a second wave of coagulation was seen at the end of the first week. The present model, with frequent sampling of blood entering and leaving the lungs, confirms our earlier findings of the lung as a key organ in promoting coagulation following traumatic activation.
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PMID:Sequential intrapulmonary and systemic activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis during and after total hip replacement surgery. 836 70

The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and is characterized by an exaggerated inflammatory response that can lead to severe manifestations such as adult respiratory syndrome, sepsis, coagulopathy, and death in a proportion of patients. Among other factors and direct viral effects, the increase in the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II, the decrease in the vasodilator angiotensin, and the sepsis-induced release of cytokines can trigger a coagulopathy in COVID-19. A coagulopathy has been reported in up to 50% of patients with severe COVID-19 manifestations. An increase in d-dimer is the most significant change in coagulation parameters in severe COVID-19 patients, and progressively increasing values can be used as a prognostic parameter indicating a worse outcome. Limited data suggest a high incidence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in up to 40% of patients, despite the use of a standard dose of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in most cases. In addition, pulmonary microvascular thrombosis has been reported and may play a role in progressive lung failure. Prophylactic LMWH has been recommended by the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) and the American Society of Hematology (ASH), but the best effective dosage is uncertain. Adapted to the individual risk of thrombosis and the d-dimer value, higher doses can be considered, especially since bleeding events in COVID-19 are rare. Besides the anticoagulant effect of LMWH, nonanticoagulant properties such as the reduction in interleukin 6 release have been shown to improve the complex picture of coagulopathy in patients with COVID-19.
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PMID:COVID-19: Coagulopathy, Risk of Thrombosis, and the Rationale for Anticoagulation. 3267 59